作者: Gao, Lei ; Zhang, Shiqing ; Wang, Ming ; Lam Yung, Ken Kin ; Li, Yunjia ; Deng, Guanghui ; Wu, Chaofeng ; Li, Junjie ; Shi, Hao ; Yang, Menghan ; Ye, Haixin ; Zhao, Jiamin ; Liao, Yuxin ; Qin, Mengchen ; Liu, Chang ; Zhou, Zhaoxi

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCEExocarpium Citri grandis (ECG, Huajuhong in Chinese), the epicarp of C. grandis 'Tomentosa', has been used for hundreds of years as an anti-inflammatory, expectorant, hypoglycemic, and lipid-lowering medication in China. Nevertheless, there have been few papers that have explored the mechanism behind ECG's hypolipidemic characteristics from the perspective of treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).AIM OF STUDYThe purpose of our study was to confirm the therapeutic and preventative effects of ECG in NAFLD by regulating lipid accumulation and iron metabolism, and to explore the specific mechanism of ECG in enhancing hepatic iron transport and excretion capabilities.STUDY DESIGNWe constructed a NAFLD model by feeding male C57BL/6 J mice with a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Mice were gavaged with ECG beginning in the seventh week of modeling, and three dosage gradients were established: low dose group (2.5 g/kg/d), medium dose group (5 g/kg/d) y, and high dose group (10 g/kg/d) until the end of model construction in week 12.MATERIALS AND METHODSWe used network pharmacology to analyze the relationship between ECG and NAFLD. In addition, we constructed a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease model by feeding male C57BL/6 J mice a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Finally, lipid accumulation, iron accumulation, inflammation and oxidative stress were evaluated by serological index detection, histological detection, immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining, and western blotting.RESULTSNetwork pharmacology confirmed the treatment effect of ECG in NAFLD. Three active components of ECG, including Naringenin, Naringin and Neohesperidin, were detected by UHPLC-HRMS analysis. The results of serum TC, TG, LDL concentration, HE staining, Oil red staining and Nile red staining demonstrated that ECG could improve lipid metabolism disorders. The results of serum iron concentration, liver tissue iron concentration, iron metabolism-related proteins Ferritin light chain, Ferroportin1, Transferrin receptor, and Transferrin demonstrated that ECG improved the iron transport and storage capacities of hepatic cells.CONCLUSIONSOur results demonstrated that ECG relieved liver injury by inhibiting lipid accumulation and iron accumulation in NAFLD.

2018-04-03·Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

Suppressive effect of nobiletin and epicatechin gallate on fructose uptake in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells

Article

作者: Shimizu, Makoto ; Unno, Tomonori ; Awara, Sohei ; Satsu, Hideo

AbstractInhibition of excessive fructose intake in the small intestine could alleviate fructose-induced diseases such as hypertension and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We examined the effect of phytochemicals on fructose uptake using human intestinal epithelial-like Caco-2 cells which express the fructose transporter, GLUT5. Among 35 phytochemicals tested, five, including nobiletin and epicatechin gallate (ECg), markedly inhibited fructose uptake. Nobiletin and ECg also inhibited the uptake of glucose but not of L-leucine or Gly-Sar, suggesting an inhibitory effect specific to monosaccharide transporters. Kinetic analysis further suggested that this reduction in fructose uptake was associated with a decrease in the apparent number of cell-surface GLUT5 molecules, and not with a change in the affinity of GLUT5 for fructose. Lastly, nobiletin and ECg suppressed the permeation of fructose across Caco-2 cell monolayers. These findings suggest that nobiletin and ECg are good candidates for preventing diseases caused by excessive fructose intake.

2016-01-01·Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology4区 · 医学

Strong Inhibition of Secretory Sphingomyelinase by Catechins, Particularly by (−)-Epicatechin 3-O-Gallate and (−)-3′-O-Methylepigallocatechin 3-O-Gallate

4区 · 医学

Article

作者: KOBAYASHI, Keiko ; KOJO, Shosuke ; ISHIZAKI, Yuki ; KIKUZAKI, Hiroe

Sphingomyelinases (SMases) are key enzymes involved in many diseases which are caused by oxidative stress, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and Alzheimer's disease. SMases hydrolyze sphingomyelin to generate ceramide, a well-known pro-apoptotic lipid. SMases are classified into five types based on pH optimum, subcellular localization, and cation dependence. Previously, we demonstrated that elevation of secretory sphingomyelinase (sSMase) activity increased the plasma ceramide concentration under oxidative stress induced by diabetes and atherosclerosis in murine models. These results suggest that sSMase inhibitors can prevent the progress of these diseases. The present study demonstrated that sSMase activity was activated by oxidation and inhibited by reduction. Furthermore, we examined whether catechins inhibited the sSMase activity in a physiological plasma concentration. Among catechins, (-)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate (ECg) exhibited strong inhibitory effect on sSMase (IC50=25.7 μM). This effect was attenuated by methylation at the 3″- or 4″-position. On the other hand, (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (EGCg) and (-)-catechin 3-O-gallate (Cg) exhibited weaker inhibitory activity than ECg, and (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epigallocatechin did not affect sSMase activity. Additionally, one synthetic catechin, (-)-3'-O-methylepigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (EGCg-3'-O-Me), showed the strongest inhibitory effect (IC50=1.7 μM) on sSMase. This phenomenon was not observed for (-)-4'-O-methylepigallocatechin 3-O-gallate. These results suggest that the reduction potential, the presence of the galloyl residue at the C-3 position, and the steric requirement to interact with sSMase protein are important for effective inhibition of sSMase.

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
动脉粥样硬化	临床前	中国	西安交通大学	2024-09-01
先天性心脏缺损	临床前	-	Landeskrankenhaus -Anstalt des öffentlichen Rechts	2024-05-18