Not-celiac Wheat Sensitivity (NCWS) in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial (Wheat vs Placebo) for Bio-markers Identification of NCWS and Understanding Its Pathogenetic Mechanisms.

The aim of the investigators' study is to evaluate biochemical, immunological and histological characteristics of patients affected with the so-called "gluten (or wheat) sensitivity" who suffers from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms.
As it is not known what component of the cereals causes the symptoms in so called "gluten-sensitive" patients, the investigators prefer to speak of "not-celiac wheat sensitivity" (NCWS).
NCWS patients may be defined as ones, neither celiac or allergic to wheat, who develop symptoms following wheat consumption, that improved on wheat/gluten free diet (GFD). For our research, we will select adult patients, both genders, affected with suspected NCWS (i.e. with symptoms/signs which disappeared on GFD and worsen on a gluten containing diet, testing negative for celiac disease [anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies, anti-tTG, and anti-endomysium antibodies, EMA, and with biopsy Marsh 0-1] and wheat allergy [serum specific IgE for wheat]). The patients will be recruited at the Department of Internal Medicine, 'Giovanni Paolo II' Hospital of Sciacca (Agrigento), and of Internal Medicine of the University of Palermo, from January 2012 to October 2013, for IBS-like symptoms.
At the time of the recruitment, the patients will be on GFD by at least one month and must be asymptomatic. A more restricted elimination diet (with the exclusion of cow's milk, egg and other foods) could be prescribed in patients who are suspected to suffer from multiple food hypersensitivity. The patients will be randomized to undergo a double-blind placebo-controlled study, assuming wheat flour or placebo, administered daily for 15 days. Before and after the challenge, the investigators will evaluate gastrointestinal (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, GSRS) and the investigators will collect blood and fecal sampling and biopsies from endoscopic evaluation (both esophagogastroduodenoscopy and rectoscopy, with multiple biopsies), for the identification of possible markers (serological, biochemical, immunological, histological features, expression of cytokines and other constitutive mucosal proteins from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, mucosal lymphocytes and fecal biomarkers) that may be of help to diagnose the condition of NCWS and to understand its pathogenesis.

开始日期2012-01-01

申办/合作机构

University of Palermo

NCT01762566

/ CompletedN/A

Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial (Wheat vs Placebo) in Wheat Sensitive Patients for Evaluation of Bio-Markers of a Single Referred Symptom (Bloating & Swelling)

Aim of the investigators' study is to evaluate one of the symptoms described by patients affected with the so-called "not-celiac wheat sensitivity" (NCWS). NCWS patients may be defined as ones, neither celiac or allergic to wheat, who develop symptoms following wheat consumption and improve on Gluten Free Diet (GFD). Among these, patients often report the appearance of bloating and abdominal pain, and, sometimes, swelling of fingers and face, shortly after ingestion of wheat. They also refer that swelling tends to last for some hours and then to disappear on GFD. To our knowledge, this disorder has never been investigated neither proved.
For the investigators' research, the investigators selected adult patients, both genders, affected with NCWS. Diagnostic criteria include: 1) symptoms disappearance on GFD, 2) testing negative for celiac disease [anti-tTG and EMA, and with biopsy Marsh 0-1] and wheat allergy [serum specific IgE for wheat], 3) positive response to a double-blind placebo-controlled challenge (DBPC) with wheat or placebo.
Patients will be recruited among subjects referring, as outpatients, to the Department of Internal Medicine, 'Giovanni Paolo II' Hospital of Sciacca (Agrigento), and of Internal Medicine of the University of Palermo, from January 2012 to October 2013. The investigators will include patients referring for functional dyspepsia and/or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms. All recruited patients must report body's swelling immediately after wheat ingestion. In all recruited patients, NCWS diagnosis was posed during the previous years, according to the above mentioned criteria.
Patients, all on GFD for at least 30 days, will undergo to another DBPC with wheat or placebo (xylose), performed by administering capsules coded as A or B containing wheat or xylose, respectively. Capsules A or B will be administered once, and then, after 1 week of washout, patients received the other capsules, given once too. Before and 2 hours after every challenge, patients will undergo a complete medical examination (measurement of body weight, height, body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, diameter of thighs, legs, arms, and fingers), and we will perform bioelectrical impedance analysis and collect blood sampling, for identification of possible markers (bioelectrical, immunologic, hormonal, etc) that may help to demonstrate and explain mechanisms of examined symptom.

开始日期2012-01-01

申办/合作机构

University of Palermo

ACTRN12612001131842

/ CompletedN/AIIT

A randomised placebo controlled crossover trial to evaluate the effects of a D-xylose preload, with or without sitagliptin, on incretin hormone secretion, gastric emptying, and postprandial glycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

开始日期2011-11-01

申办/合作机构

Royal Adelaide Hospital

100 项与 Xylose 相关的临床结果

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100 项与 Xylose 相关的转化医学

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100 项与 Xylose 相关的专利（医药）

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37,083

项与 Xylose 相关的文献（医药）

2025-12-01·MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS

In-vitro and in-silico antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of an aromatic heterocyclic metabolite from a novel halo-thermophilic Streptomyces sp. strain CBN-1 against bacteria causing nosocomial infections

Article

作者: Zitouni, Abdelghani ; Badji, Boubekeur ; Pont, Frédéric ; Driche, El-Hadj

BACKGROUND:

Multidrug-resistant and biofilm-forming pathogens have become a global health challenge, contributing to persistent and hard-to-treat infections. The objective of this study was to characterize an active metabolite produced by a novel halo-thermophilic Streptomyces sp. CBN-1 that exhibits potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities using a combined in-silico and experimental approach.

METHODS & RESULTS:

In this study, a halo-thermophilic Streptomyces sp. CBN-1 strain was selected for its ability to grow in 10% NaCl at 40 °C. This strain was identified using phenotypic characterizations and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Streptomyces rochei NRRL B-2410 with 99.15% similarity. An active metabolite, CBNa-1, was extracted using n-butanol solvent from ISP2 broth medium and purified by HPLC. Structural characterization using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy identified CBNa-1 as an aromatic heterocyclic compound regulated by non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and type II polyketide synthase (PKS) genes. It exhibited potent activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 4 to 5 µg/mL and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBIC_50%) at ½ MIC. Additionally, in-silico docking analyses showed that CBNa-1 had stronger binding affinities from - 8.7 to -8.1 kcal/mol with isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase, penicillin-binding protein 1a, type II DNA topoisomerases, and quorum sensing compared to antibiotics (-5.7 to -7.9 kcal/mol). Furthermore, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation showed the stability of the protein-ligand complex under physiological conditions.

CONCLUSION:

This study reports the first identification of CBNa-1, a metabolite from prokaryotic cells, with potent antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties to combat nosocomial infections caused by MDR pathogens, including bacteria resistant to third-generation cephalosporins.

2025-12-01·FOOD CHEMISTRY

Improving the flavor of protein hydrolysates from shrimp processing byproducts via maillard reaction: Towards structure-flavor relationship

Article

作者: Fu, Yu ; Gong, Xiaoli ; Benjakul, Soottawat ; Zhang, Yuhao ; Yu, Binbin ; Zhang, Na

This study aimed to improve the flavor of protein hydrolysates from shrimp byproducts by Maillard reaction. The structural and flavor characteristics of Maillard reaction products from shrimp byproducts were analyzed. Glucosamine and xylose demonstrated superior reactivity. The free amino group content of xylose-induced Maillard reaction significantly decreased to 188.37 mmol/L after 60 min, while the grafting degree reached the highest value (24.35 %). The UV absorbance of xylose- and glucosamine-induced Maillard reactions significantly increased at 294 and 320 nm, while the browning index remained low. E-nose and GC-MS/MS confirmed higher levels of pyrazines and benzaldehyde in xylose-induced samples. E-tongue analysis revealed that xylose- and glucosamine-induced Maillard reactions significantly enhanced the saltiness (13.78 %, 12.01 %) and umami (10.81 %, 11.45 %), while also reducing bitterness. LC-MS/MS indicated glycopeptides implicated in formation of umami peptides and pyrazines. Overall, glucosamine and xylose improved flavor with xylose generating more aromatic compounds and glucosamine enhancing umami and salt taste.

2025-12-01·Molecular & general genetics : MGG

Whole genome sequence, CAZyme repertoire and sugar metabolic model of the phytopathogenic fungus Kretzschmaria zonata GFP 132

Article

作者: Ventorim, Rafaela Zandonade ; do Carmo, Mariana Regina Almas ; Bauer, Diane ; Drula, Elodie ; Ng, Vivian ; Peng, Mao ; Morgan, Tulio ; Alfenas, Rafael Ferreira ; LaButti, Kurt ; Grigoriev, Igor V ; Koriabine, Maxin ; Henrissat, Bernard ; de Vries, Ronald P ; Lipzen, Anna ; Maitan-Alfenas, Gabriela Piccolo ; Manassero, Alessia ; Ahrendt, Steven

Kretzschmaria zonata is an ascomycete fungus known as a significant plant pathogen that causes serious damage to teak plantations, but little is known about its genomic and metabolic features. Studies suggest this fungus is an interesting source of cell wall degrading enzymes. This study evaluated the genome and the diversity of genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) of Kretzschmaria zonata GFP 132. The fungal ability to grow on different carbohydrates and its sugar metabolic network were also investigated. The findings were compared with other fungi, taxonomically close, phytopathogens or fungi known as good producers of plant cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDE). The assembled genome corresponding to 30.15 Mbp and 12,135 protein-coding genes, had approximately 5% of total protein-coding genes as putative CAZymes. In general, the closely related fungi, K. deusta, Hypoxylon submonticulosum, and Xylaria cf. heliscus exhibited a similar CAZymes profile. When compared with other phytopathogenic fungi, the variation in the CAZyme profile suggests that it does not accompany the similar species' lifestyle. Curiously, the repertoire of genes encoding CDWE was similar to Aspergillus niger, an Eurotiomycete, and different from Trichoderma reesei which is Sordariomycete like K. zonata. Based on genome, K. zonata possesses a complete sugar metabolic network, except for an absent gene in the galacturonic acid metabolic pathway. This is consistent with the inability of the fungus to grow in galacturonic acid as the sole carbon source. Finally, K. zonata was able to assimilate a wide range of mono and polysaccharides as carbon source, which opens perspectives for new studies to obtain new enzymes required to increase the efficiency of existing biotechnological industrial processes.

100 项与 Xylose 相关的药物交易

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