BACKGROUNDMigraine, a common primary headache disorder, affects children and adolescents under 18, often bilateral and lasting 2-72 hours, affecting 7.7% of them.OBJECTIVERecent studies on migraine prevention and treatment in children and adolescents have explored the potential benefits of levetiracetam, considering its side effects and potential effects on migraines. Hence, we aimed to review the studies that have examined the possible mechanism and beneficial effects of levetiracetam in children's and adolescents' migraine.METHODSA comprehensive search of English and non-English trials evaluating levetiracetam's effectiveness in pediatric migraine treatment using relevant keywords was conducted in scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register in Feb 2024. The studies included non-randomized controlled trials, uncontrolled trials, and retrospectively reviewed medical charts plus randomized controlled trials.RESULTSSeven studies were included in this review. They revealed that levetiracetam can promisingly complete the resolution of migraines, and decrease the duration, severity, number of migraine episodes, and frequency of migraine in children. In addition, levetiracetam diminished the Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Scale score in them.CONCLUSIONSeven studies suggest levetiracetam, at doses ranging from 20 to 60 mg/kg/day (250-3000 mg/day), can significantly reduce migraine frequency and duration, but larger controlled trials are needed.

2025-01-02·Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology

The influence of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics on the antimigraine efficacy and safety of novel anti-CGRPergic pharmacotherapies: a narrative review

Review

作者: Villalón, Carlos M. ; González-Hernández, Abimael

INTRODUCTIONMigraine is a complex disorder, and its etiology is not yet fully understood. In the last 40 years, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been central to the understanding of migraine pathophysiology, leading to the development of new molecules targeting the CGRPergic system. These new molecules, such as gepants and monoclonal antibodies, are effective, well-tolerated, and safe, and are approved for clinical use.AREAS COVEREDBy searching multiple electronic scientific databases, this narrative review examined: (i) the role of CGRP in migraine; and (ii) the current knowledge on the effects of CGRPergic antimigraine pharmacotherapies, including a brief analysis of their pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics.EXPERT OPINIONCurrent anti-CGRPergic medications, although effective, have limitations, such as side effects and lack of antimigraine efficacy in some patients. The existence of patients with medication-resistant migraine may be due to the: (i) complex migraine pathophysiology, in which several systems appear to be deregulated before, during, and after a migraine attack; and (ii) pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of antimigraine medications. As envisioned here, although seminal studies support the notion that CGRP plays a key role in migraine headache, the dysfunction of CGRPergic transmission does not seem to be relevant in all cases.

2025-01-02·Neurological Research

Auditory evoked brainstem responses and medial olivocochlear efferent system in migraine patients with phonophobia

Article

作者: Farhoomand, Borna ; Soylemez, Tugce Gurel ; Apaydin, Aydın Sinan ; Soylemez, Emre ; Ceylan, Dursun

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to investigate Auditory Evoked Brainstem Responses (ABR) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission (DPOAE) suppression in migraine patients with and without phonophobia.METHODSThirty-two migraine patients with normal hearing and 30 healthy individuals were included in the study. Migraine characteristics and phonophobia status of migraine patients were noted. The patients were divided into two groups according to their phonophobia status. All participants underwent ABR, DPOAE and DPOAE suppression.RESULTSMigraine patients had less DPOAE suppression (1481 and 2222 hz) and shorter ABR wave latencies compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Twelve (37.5%) of the migraine patients did not have phonophobia, and 20 (62.5%) had phonophobia. Phonophobia was not found to affect DPOAE suppression (p > 0.05). However, ABR wave I and V latencies in migraine patients with phonophobia were shorter than in healthy individuals (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThere are changes in the auditory evoked brainstem responses and medial olivocochlear efferent system of migraine patients. While phonophobia in migraine patients does not affect the medial olivocochlear efferent system, it may affect auditory evoked brainstem responses.

100 项与 Migraine (Precisionlife) 相关的药物交易

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