作者: Alvarado, Sarah ; Ortega-Muñoz, Mariano ; Lopez-Jaramillo, F Javier ; Megia-Fernandez, Alicia ; Santoyo-Gonzalez, Francisco ; Hernandez-Mateo, Fernando

Water use has been increasing globally by 1% per year, and recycling and re-use are critical issues compromised by the presence of pollutants. In this context, the design of novel materials and/or procedures for the large scale-removal of pollutants must be economically and environmentally feasible in order to be considered as part of the solution by emerging economies. We demonstrate that the cross-linking of biodegradable polysaccharides such as starch, dextrin, or dextrin and β-cyclodextrin with divinyl sulfone is an innovative strategy for synthesizing insoluble and eco-friendly sorbent polymers, including pSt, pDx and pCD-Dx. The evaluation of these polymers' ability to remove ciprofloxacin (CIP), a prime example of antibiotic pollution, revealed that pSt, with a Kd of 1469 L/kg and a removal rate higher than 92%, is a favorable material. Its sorption is pH-dependent and enhanced at a mildly alkaline pH, allowing for the desorption (i.e., cleaning) and reuse of pSt through an environmentally friendly treatment with 20 mM AcONa pH 4.6. The facts that pSt (i) shows a high affinity for CIP even at high NaCl concentrations, (ii) can be obtained from affordable starting materials, and (iii) is synthesized and regenerated through organic, solvent-free procedures make pSt a novel sustainable material for inland water and seawater remediation, especially in less developed countries, due to its simplicity and low cost.

2023-07-18·Aging

Exosome-coated polydatin nanoparticles in the treatment of radiation-induced intestinal damage.

Article

作者: Hou, Jun ; Hu, Duanmin ; Qiu, Xinyu ; Liu, Quanbin ; Yan, Tao ; Chen, Qiu ; Chen, Mengyuan ; Wu, Zhuojun ; Cui, Fengmei ; Yao, Lei

This study aimed to develop an exosome-coated polydatin (PD) nanoparticles (exo-PD) for improving the water solubility and bioavailability of polydatin and explore its salutary effects on intestinal radiation injury. Exosomes (exo) were extracted from the medium of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSc). Mice were divided into control group, irradiation (IR) group, irradiation+PD (IR+PD) group, irradiation+exo (IR+exo) group and irradiation+exo-PD (IR+exo-PD) group. The results of characterization of protein markers, particle size, morphology and cellular uptake ability confirmed that exosomes were effectively isolated using ultracentrifugation. Compared with the IR group, exo-PD improved cell viability, prolonged survival of mice, improved leukocyte count and reduced diarrhea rate. Histological results showed that the exo-PD group had significant improvements in small intestinal villus length and crypt number and less crypt cell damage. exo-PD could reduce IL-1α and IL-6 levels, reduced γ-H2AX expression, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, and delayed cellular senescence. exo-PD could alleviate intestinal injury by improving mitochondrial function through PI3K-AKT pathway. The exo-PD was able to reduce radiation damage to intestinal cells and could be a potential candidate for salvage of intestinal radiation damage.

2022-08-15·Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery

[Effect of modified titanium loaded with endothelial progenitor cells-exosomes on osteogenic and angiogenic differentiations of adipose-derived stem cells].

Article

作者: Qiu, Yanli ; Wang, Jing ; Tang, Liang ; Liu, Hongli

目的探讨经超声酸蚀/阳极氧化联合改性钛（titanium modified by ultrasonic acid etching/anodic oxidation，UAT）负载内皮祖细胞外泌体（endothelial progenitor cells-exosome，EPCs-exo）后，对脂肪来源干细胞（adipose-derived stem cells，ADSCs）生长以及成骨、成血管分化的影响。.方法取10只SD大鼠脂肪组织及骨髓，分别采用胶原酶消化法和密度梯度离心法分离培养ADSCs及EPCs，并经流式细胞仪鉴定。取第3～5代EPCs采用试剂盒提取exo，并经Western blot检测CD9、CD81进行鉴定。采用超声酸蚀和阳极氧化方法对3D打印技术制备的钛片进行联合改性制备UAT，扫描电镜观察改性前后材料表面形貌；将UAT分别置于不同浓度（100、200 ng/mL）EPCs-exo溶液中，采用BCA法检测其体外吸附及释放EPCs-exo能力。然后，将UAT置于含不同浓度EPCs-exo（0、100、200 ng/mL）的DMEM培养液，并与第3代ADSCs复合培养，构建UAT-ADSCs-exo。通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察细胞形态、活/死细胞染色、细胞增殖检测，评价生物相容性；ALP染色及茜素红染色，RT-PCR检测成骨相关基因骨钙素（osteocalcin，OCN）、RUNT相关基因2（RUNT-related transcription factor 2，Runx2）、ALP、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白（collagen type 1，COL-1）和成血管相关基因VEGF，免疫荧光染色观测成骨（OCN）及成血管（VEGF）相关蛋白表达，评价负载EPCs-exo的UAT对ADSCs成骨、成血管分化能力的影响。.结果扫描电镜观察示改性后UAT表面形成了微纳米多级复合结构；UAT 48 h内能吸附约77% EPCs-exo，而吸附在UAT表面的EPCs-exo在8 d内呈连续稳定释放，200 ng/mL组吸附及释放量明显优于100 ng/mL组，差异均有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。生物相容性检测示，复合培养后各组细胞均生长良好，其中200 ng/mL组优于其他组，细胞完全铺展，有丰富伪足，活细胞数量及细胞活性均高于其他组（ P<0.05）。ADSCs成骨和成血管能力检测示，与其余两组比较，200 ng/mL组ADSCs的ALP活性和矿化能力增强，成骨和成血管基因OCN、Runx2、COL-1、ALP 和VEGF表达均增高，OCN和VEGF蛋白亦增高，差异均有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。.结论EPCs-exo能有效促进UAT表面ADSCs的黏附、增殖及成骨、成血管分化，其中浓度为200 ng/mL时效果最显著。.

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