AbstractObjectiveIncreased intake of sweets or sugar craving may occur in response to chronic stress representing a risk factor for development of eating disorders and obesity. However, no safe treatment of stress‐induced sugar craving is available. In this study we analysed effects of two Lactobacillus strains on food and sucrose intake in mice before and during their exposure to a chronic mild stress (CMS).Research Methods & ProceduresC57Bl6 mice were gavaged daily for 27 days with a mix of L. salivarius (LS) LS7892 and L. gasseri (LG) LG6410 strains or with 0.9% NaCl as a control. Following 10 days of gavage, mice were individually placed into the Modular Phenotypic cages, and after 7 days of acclimation were exposed to a CMS model for 10 days. Food, water and 2% sucrose intakes as well as meal pattern were monitored. Anxiety and depressive‐like behaviour were analysed by standard tests.ResultsExposure of mice to CMS was accompanied by increased size of sucrose intake in the control group likely reflecting the stress‐induced sugar craving. A consistent, about 20% lower total sucrose intake, was observed in the Lactobacilli‐treated group during stress which was mainly due to a reduced number of intakes. Lactobacilli treatment also modified the meal pattern before and during the CMS, showing a decrease of meal number and an increase of meal size with a tendency of reduced total daily food intake. Mild anti‐depressive behavioural effects of the Lactobacilli mix were also present.ConclusionSupplementation of mice with LS LS7892 and LG LG6410 decreases sugar consumption suggesting a potential utility of these strains against stress‐induced sugar craving.

2024-08-01·International Journal of Toxicology

Safety Assessment of Streptococcus salivarius UBSS-01 in Rats and Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Individuals

Article

作者: Rahman, Ziaur ; Dandekar, Manoj P. ; Venkataraman, Rajesh ; Manuel, Gloriya G. ; Jatoth, Bindhu S. ; Shivalingegowda, Ravi K.

Streptococcus salivarius is a common, harmless, and prevalent member of the oral microbiota in humans. In the present study, the safety of S. salivarius UBSS-01 was evaluated using in silico methods and preclinical and clinical studies. In an acute toxicity study, rats were administered with 5 g/kg (500 × 109 CFU) S. salivarius UBSS-01. The changes in phenotypic behaviors and hematological, biochemical, electrolytes, and urine analyses were monitored. No toxicity was observed at 14 days post-treatment. The no observable effects limit (NOEL) of S. salivarius UBSS-01 was >5 g/kg in rats. In a 28-day repeat dose toxicity study, rats were administered S. salivarius UBSS-01 once daily at doses of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 g/kg (10, 50, and 100 billion CFU/kg, respectively) body weight. S. salivarius UBSS-01 did not influence any of the hematology parameters and clinical chemistry parameters in plasma and serum samples after 28-day repeated administration. No structural abnormality was observed in the histological examination of organs. Whole genome analysis revealed the absence of virulence factors or genes that may transmit antibiotic resistance. In the double-blind study with 60 human participants (aged 18–60 years), consumption of S. salivarius UBSS-01 for 30 days was found to be safe and results were comparable with placebo treatment These findings indicate that S. salivarius UBSS-01 may be safe for human consumption.

2024-08-01·Cell Host & Microbe

Fecal microbiota transplantation improves anti-PD-1 inhibitor efficacy in unresectable or metastatic solid cancers refractory to anti-PD-1 inhibitor

Article

作者: Adams, Mark D ; Bae, Dong-Jun ; Min, Kyungchan ; Kweon, Mi-Na ; Kim, Sang-Yeob ; Kim, Yeongmin ; Hwang, Sung Wook ; Park, Sang Hyoung ; Kim, Sujeong ; Park, Hansoo ; Kim, Gihyeon ; Lee, Charles ; Kim, Seungil ; Cho, Beomki ; Kim, Mi-Na ; Song, Joon Seon ; Kim, Sung-Han ; Kim, Yunjae ; Do, Eun-Ju ; Park, Sook Ryun

The gut microbiome significantly influences immune responses and the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. We conducted a clinical trial (NCT04264975) combining an anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from anti-PD-1 responder in 13 patients with anti-PD-1-refractory advanced solid cancers. FMT induced sustained microbiota changes and clinical benefits in 6 of 13 patients, with 1 partial response and 5 stable diseases, achieving an objective response rate of 7.7% and a disease control rate of 46.2%. The clinical response correlates with increased cytotoxic T cells and immune cytokines in blood and tumors. We isolated Prevotella merdae Immunoactis from a responder to FMT, which stimulates T cell activity and suppresses tumor growth in mice by enhancing cytotoxic T cell infiltration. Additionally, we found Lactobacillus salivarius and Bacteroides plebeius may inhibit anti-tumor immunity. Our findings suggest that FMT with beneficial microbiota can overcome resistance to anti-PD-1 inhibitors in advanced solid cancers, especially gastrointestinal cancers.

100 项与唾液链球菌（波多黎各大学）相关的药物交易

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