The analysis of drugs in biological matrices remains challenging due to the complexity of plasma samples and the need for methods that provide reliable performance while reducing environmental impact. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a simple, rapid, and sustainable high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC)-densitometric method for the simultaneous determination of chlorzoxazone (CHZ) and ketoprofen (KTP) in real human plasma using salting-out-assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE). The optimized extraction procedure enabled effective plasma matrix cleanup and satisfactory analyte recovery with reduced solvent requirements, providing a straightforward alternative to conventional sample preparation approaches. Chromatographic separation was achieved using ethyl acetate: methanol: 25% ammonia (8:2:0.5, V/V/V), followed by densitometric detection at 263 and 282 nm for KTP and CHZ, respectively. The proposed method exhibited acceptable linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision over the investigated concentration ranges and was successfully applied for the simultaneous quantification of both analytes in real plasma samples. To further investigate the overall sustainability and practical applicability of the developed approach, a comparative multi-metric assessment was performed using RGB12, AGREE, GAPI, and BAGI tools against the previously reported RP-LC method. The obtained results confirmed the favorable environmental profile and operational advantages of the proposed method. Overall, the developed HPTLC-SALLE approach provides an efficient, accessible, and sustainable analytical solution for routine bioanalysis, quality control, and future pharmacokinetic studies.