Transforming the energy storage structure is an effective approach to achieve a balance between the detonation performance and the sensitivity of energetic compounds, with a goal of high energy and low sensitivity. Building upon previous work, this study employed an isomeric compound 1H-pyrazole-3-carbohydrazide (3-PZCA) as a ligand and creatively designed the energetic coordination compound (ECC) Ag(3-HPZCA)₂(ClO₄)₃ (ECC-1). It is a novel material with a dual structure of ionic salts and coordination compounds, which represents the first report of such a structure in Ag(I)-based ECCs. With its unique structures, ECC-1 exhibits a larger [ClO₄^-] content, a higher oxygen balance constant (OB = 0%), and superior mechanical sensitivity (IS = 13 J and FS = 40 N). Theoretical calculations indicate that ECC-1 has a higher detonation performance compared to previous work. Furthermore, the explosive experiment testing results demonstrate that it can be ignited by lower-threshold lasers and possesses excellent initiation capability and explosive power, making it suitable not only as a primary explosive but also as a secondary explosive.

2006-12-01·Endocrinology2区 · 医学

Regulation of Type III Iodothyronine Deiodinase Expression in Human Cell Lines

2区 · 医学

Article

作者: Rogier Versteeg ; George G. J. M. Kuiper ; Theo J. Visser ; Monique H. A. Kester

Type I iodothyronine deiodinase (D1) and type II iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) catalyze the activation of the prohormone T4 to the active hormone T3; type III iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) catalyzes the inactivation of T4 and T3. D3 is highly expressed in brain, placenta, pregnant uterus, and fetal tissues and plays an important role in regulating thyroid hormone bioavailability during fetal development. We examined the activity of the different deiodinases in human cell lines and investigated the regulation of D3 activity and mRNA expression in these cell lines, as well as its possible coexpression with neighboring genes Dlk1 and Dio3os, which may also be especially important during development. D1 activity and mRNA were only found in HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells, and D2 activity was observed in none of the cell lines. D3 activity and mRNA was found in ECC-1 endometrium carcinoma cells, MCF-7 mammacarcinoma cells, WRL-68 embryonic liver cells, and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, but not in the HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cell line or in any choriocarcinoma or astrocytoma cell line. We demonstrated that the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate increased D3 activity 2- to 9-fold in ECC-1, MCF-7, WRL-68, and SH-SY5Y cells. Estradiol increased D3 activity 3-fold in ECC-1, but not in any other cells. Dexamethasone decreased D3 activity in WRL-68 cells only in the absence of fetal calf serum. Incubation with retinoids increased D3 activity 2- to 3-fold in ECC-1, WRL-68, and MCF-7 cells but decreased D3 activity in SH-SY5Y cells. D3 expression in the different cells was not affected by cAMP or thyroid hormone. Interestingly, D3 mRNA expression in the different cell lines strongly correlated with Dio3os mRNA expression and in a large set of neuroblastoma cell lines also with Dlk1 expression. In conclusion, we identified different human D3-expressing cell lines, in which the regulation of D3 expression is cell type-specific. Our data suggest that estradiol may be one of the factors contributing to the induction of D3 activity in the pregnant uterus and that in addition to gene-specific regulatory elements, more distant common regulatory elements also may be involved in the regulation of D3 expression.

100 项与 ECC01 相关的药物交易

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