A review.The rise of antibiotic resistance constitutes an important threat for human health globally.Thus, the quest for antimicrobial agents with novel mechanisms of action is criticalIn this context, Shukla et al. have recently reported a novel antibiotic mol. produced by previously uncultured Gram-neg. soil bacteria from the genus Eleftheria (with an isolate referred to as E. terrae ssp carolina): clovibactin (Figure 1).By a combination of high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC), mass spectrometry and NMR (NMR), clovibactin was purified and characterized; and it was determined to be a depsipeptide, consisting in a short linear N terminus hydrophilic peptide (with four amino acid residues) and a hydrophobic macrocyclic lactone or depsicycle (with four amino-acid residues).