作者: Aguilar, Fernando ; Lambré, Claude ; Gott, David ; Stankovic, Ivan ; Leblanc, Jean‐Charles ; Woutersen, Rudolf Antonius ; Van Loveren, Henk ; Oskarsson, Agneta ; Filipič, Metka ; Younes, Maged ; Aggett, Peter ; Kuhnle, Gunter Georg ; Galtier, Pierre ; Mortensen, Alicja ; Crebelli, Riccardo ; Waalkens‐Berendsen, Ine ; Frutos, Maria Jose ; Gundert‐Remy, Ursula ; Giarola, Alessandra ; Riolo, Francesca ; Dusemund, Birgit ; Wright, Matthew ; Lodi, Federica ; Di Domenico, Alessandro ; Moldeus, Peter ; Horvath, Zsuzsanna ; Lillegaard, Inger Therese

The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of stannous chloride and stannous chloride dihydrate (E 512) as food additives. The Panel considered that adequate exposure and toxicity data were available. Stannous chloride is only permitted as food additives in one food category and no reply on the actual use level of stannous chloride (E 512) as a food additive and on its concentration in food was provided by any interested party. According to the Mintel's Global New Products Database (GNPD), stannous chloride was not labelled on any products in the EU nor in Norway. The regulatory maximum level exposure assessment scenario is based on the maximum permitted levels (MPLs) for stannous chloride (E 512), which is 25 mg Sn/kg. The mean exposure to stannous chloride (E 512) from its use as a food additive was below 1.3 μg Sn/kg body weight (bw) per day for all age groups. The 95th percentile of exposure to stannous chloride (E 512) ranged from 0.0 μg Sn/kg bw per day in all groups to 11.2 μg Sn/kg bw per day in adults. Absorption of stannous chloride from the gastrointestinal tract is low there is no concern with respect to carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Gastrointestinal irritation was reported in humans after ingestion of a bolus dose of 40 mg Sn. The Panel concluded that stannous chloride (E 512) is of no safety concern in this current authorised use and use levels.

1980-02-01·Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear medicine4区 · 医学

Evaluation of a simpler technique for in-vivo labelling of red blood cells with 99mTc.

4区 · 医学

Article

作者: Rehani, M M ; Wahi, P L ; Sharma, R R ; Sapru, R P ; Chopra, V K

The efficiency of labelling red blood cells with intravenously administered 99mTcO4, by prior oral administration of stannous chloride dihydrate, has been evaluated. Optimum labelling occurred 1 hr after the oral dose of 200 mg of SnCl2.2 H2O and 20 min after the intravenous injection of 99mTcO4. The mechanism of labelling has been shown to be diffusion of 99Tc through the cell membrane followed by binding to haemoglobin in the presence of reducing agent. The in-vivo labelling technique has been found to be useful for the diagnosis of an abdominal mass and for static perfusion studies.

Acta poloniae pharmaceutica

Preparation and radiochemical control of 99mTc labeled blood pool agent for in vivo labelling of the red blood cells.

Article

作者: Shah, Syed Nisar Hussaian ; Durr-E-Sabih ; Bin Asad, Muhammad Hassham Hassan ; Hussain, Muhammad Shahzad ; Ahmad, Israr ; Rahim, Muhammad Kashif ; Amir, Noshad ; Murtaza, Ghulam

Our aim was to prepare cheap blood pool imaging kits by simplified method to overcome the burden on purchase department of MINAR, Nishtar Hospital, Multan, Pakistan. Secondarily, prompt supply of kits should save the time of patient during transportation. A total of 24 subjects selected for this study were equally divided into two groups. Mixture of stannous chloride and sodium pyrophosphate solution at pH 7 was injected to these subjects. Various concentrations (ranging from 200 to 800 microg) of stannous chloride dihydrate were injected to group one, followed by intravenous administration of technetium-99m (99mTc) pertechnetate at 30 min interval in 12 subjects. Labeling percentage of each sample was calculated afterwards followed by imaging under gamma camera. Each parameter was tested on three different patients and average of these three was calculated. In second set of experiments done on group two the same procedure was repeated in another 12 subjects, while keeping the concentration of Sn PYP constant at 400 microg. In this case, 99mTc was administered at different time intervals in different subjects ranging from 15 to 120 min (15, 30, 60 and 120 min) followed by calculation of labeling percentage and imaging under gamma camera. In group one, average percentage values of binding of red blood cells with 99mTc were 23.24, 84.88, 83.78 and 60.33% for concentrations of 200, 400, 600 and 800 microg, respectively. In group two, average percentage binging values of 22.26, 84.36. 55.54 and 28.67% were calculated at time intervals of 15, 30, 60 and 120 min, respectively. It is concluded from the results that the best blood pool imaging under gamma camera was observed for the concentration of 400 microg and the time interval of 30 min. The maximum percentage binding of red blood cells with 99mTc was calculated at concentration of 400 microg after 30 min interval that also correlated with imaging results.

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