A low-molecular-weight α-glucan from edible fungus Agaricus blazei Murrill activates macrophage TFEB-mediated antibacterial defense to combat implant-associated infection

Article

作者: Fan, Kaijian ; Wang, Yuehong ; Hu, Yihe ; Liu, Yihao ; Yang, Yiqi ; Wang, Qishan ; Lin, Yixuan ; Weng, Liangliang ; Yuan, Kai ; Qian, Xian ; Pei, Hongyan

Implant-associated infection (IAI) is a prevalent and potentially fatal complication of orthopaedic surgery. Boosting antibacterial immunity, particularly the macrophage-mediated response, presents a promising therapeutic approach for managing persistent infections. In this study, we successfully isolated and purified a homogeneous and neutral water-soluble polysaccharide, designated as AM-1, from the edible fungus Agaricus blazei Murrill. Structure analysis revealed that AM-1 (Mw = 3.87 kDa) was a low-molecular-weight glucan characterized by a primary chain of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → and side chains that were linked at the O-6 and O-3 positions. In vivo assays showed that AM-1 effectively attenuated the progression of infection and mitigated infectious bone destruction in IAI mouse models. Mechanistically, AM-1 promotes intracellular autophagy-lysosomal biogenesis by inducing the nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB, finally enhancing the bactericidal capabilities and immune-modulatory functions of macrophages. These findings demonstrate that AM-1 significantly alleviates the progression of challenging IAIs as a presurgical immunoenhancer. Our research introduces a novel therapeutic strategy that employs natural polysaccharides to combat refractory infections.

2024-09-27·Beneficial Microbes

Characterisation of potential anti-inflammatory next-generation probiotics resistant to bisphenol A

Article

作者: Langella, P. ; López-Moreno, A. ; Rios-Covian, D. ; Kropp, C. ; Martin, R. ; Pepke, F. ; Aguilera, M. ; Carbonne, C.

AbstractThe world is witnessing an increasing incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a group of complex gastrointestinal disorders characterised by inflammation. It is believed that environmental factors, such as exposure to pollutants and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (i.e. bisphenol A [BPA]), are playing a role in IBD pathophysiology. New research suggests a potential treatment solution: next-generation probiotic (NGP) strains isolated from human gut microbiota that can biodegrade xenobiotics and thus possibly modulate IBD triggered by these xenobiotics. In this study, we hypothesised that specific BPA-tolerant bacteria would exhibit beneficial, anti-inflammatory properties that could counter the effects of BPA exposure and concomitantly reduce colitis severity. We observed that two such strains, Bacillus sp. AM1 and Paeniclostridium sp., exhibited potential anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. First, these bacteria were able to decrease the secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 cytokines by HT-29 cells that had been exposed to the proinflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Second, when treated with Bacillus sp. AM1 and Paeniclostridium sp. (this latter had a stronger reducing effect on inflammatory markers), mice with chemically induced colitis displayed lower levels of colon damage, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6). Future research should clarify the underlying mechanisms at play and identify potential strategies for counteracting the systemic effects of IBD, including those exacerbated by BPA exposure. Our results suggest that one such strategy could be treatment with BPA-tolerant bacteria that possess anti-inflammatory properties.

2024-09-01·The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry

Cameo and intaglio surface stability and variability of additively, subtractively, and conventionally manufactured occlusal devices after long-term storage

Article

作者: Cakmak, Gulce ; Orgev, Ahmet ; Donmez, Mustafa Borga ; Yilmaz, Burak ; Marques, Vinicius Rizzo ; Almogbel, Lolowh ; Kahveci, Cigdem

STATEMENT OF PROBLEMAdditive and subtractive manufacturing have become alternative technologies for fabricating occlusal devices. However, knowledge of the long-term stability of occlusal devices fabricated using these recent technologies is limited.PURPOSEThe purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cameo and intaglio surface stability and variability of additively, subtractively, and conventionally manufactured occlusal devices after 18 months of storage.MATERIAL AND METHODSA standard tessellation language (STL) file of a dentate maxillary typodont was used to design a master occlusal device. The STL file of this design was used to fabricate occlusal devices additively either with a digital light processing (AM-1) or a continuous liquid interface production (AM-2) printer, subtractively with 2 different 5-axis milling units (SM-1 and SM-2), and conventionally (TM-HP) (n=10). STL files of each device's cameo and intaglio surfaces were generated using a laboratory scanner after fabrication and after 18 months of storage in a moist environment. These generated files were imported into an analysis software program (Geomagic Control X) to analyze the dimensional stability of tested devices by using the root mean square method. The average deviation values defined the variability of measured changes over time. Cameo and intaglio surface deviations were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests, while the variability of measured deviations was analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance and the Tukey HSD tests (α=.05).RESULTSSignificant differences were observed among tested devices when the intaglio surface deviations and the cameo surface variability were considered (P<.001). SM-2 had significantly higher intaglio surface deviations than AM-1, SM-1, and AM-2 (P≤.036). Among the test groups, AM-1 had the greatest cameo surface variability (P≤.004).CONCLUSIONSSM-2 resulted in lower intaglio surface stability than the additive and the other subtractive manufacturing technologies, while AM-1 led to the highest cameo surface variability among the test groups.

100 项与 AM-1 相关的药物交易

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