Contribution of Biological Age–Predictive Biomarkers to Nutrition Research: A Systematic Review of the Current Evidence and Implications for Future Research and Clinical Practice

Review

作者: Siopis, George ; Porter, Judi

The global population is living longer; however, not everyone ages at the same rate with regard to their physical and cognitive abilities and their vulnerability to certain diseases and death. This review aimed to synthesize the contribution of biological age-predictive biomarkers to nutrition research and highlight the implications for future research and clinical practice. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL were systematically searched on 30 September 2021 for randomized controlled trials and cross-sectional studies examining the association between nutrition and biological age in older adults reporting on genetic, clinical, or molecular biomarkers of biological aging. Cochrane's ROB 2 and ROBINS-I were used to assess the quality of included studies. Synthesis was undertaken narratively. Of 1245 records identified from the search, 13 studies from 8 countries and territories, involving 5043 participants, were included. Seven studies assessed associations between nutrient food intake and telomere attrition, reporting protective effects for branched-chain amino acids, calcium and vitamin D, and a diet of a lower inflammatory index; whereas they found shorter telomeres in people consuming more processed foods and arachidonic acid and other proinflammatory compounds. Five studies examined the associations between plasma nutrition biomarkers and cognitive function, and found a protective effect for HDL cholesterol, lycopene, carotenoids, ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, and vitamins B, C, D, and E; whereas trans fatty acids and fibrinogen correlated with a decline in cognitive function. One study used Horvath's clock and reported the epigenetic rejuvenation effect of a Mediterranean diet. In conclusion, biological aging was negatively associated with an anti-inflammatory diet. However, a few studies did not control for the confounding effect of other lifestyle factors. Future research should address this and also assess the synergistic effect of different nutrients, their combinations, and evaluate their dose-response relations. Nutrition practice can incorporate updated screening procedures for older people that include relevant biological aging nutrition markers, leading to anti-aging precision nutrition therapy. The methodology of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021288122).

2010-04-01·Current opinion in lipidology

Therapy and clinical trials: HDL-cholesterol and niacin therapy – past, present, and future

作者: Ballantyne, Christie M. ; Virani, Salim S.

A review.A review discusses current and future developments on the role of niacin therapy in addition to statin therapy in lowering HDL-cholesterol in patients with atherosclerosis.

2005-12-01·Current opinion in lipidology3区 · 医学

HDL-raising strategies in the treatment of coronary artery disease: perspectives from the Armed Forces Regression Study

3区 · 医学

Review

作者: Krasuski, Richard A

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:

Even with the aggressive reduction of LDL-cholesterol, the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease remains substantial. The Armed Forces Regression Study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of combination drug therapy aimed at raising HDL-cholesterol in patients with angiographically evident coronary artery disease. Drug therapy ultimately resulted in regression of the angiographic lesions and a reduction in cardiovascular events. This review places the Armed Forces Regression Study within the context of other recent studies.

RECENT FINDINGS:

In the past few years a number of other important papers have further defined the important role HDL-cholesterol plays in the pathobiology of atherosclerosis. These studies have focused on three general areas: HDL-cholesterol metabolism and the reverse cholesterol transport pathway; novel therapeutic interventions and their effects on coronary artery disease as assessed through non-invasive imaging modalities; and finally a re-analysis of previous outcomes trials with established HDL-cholesterol modifying agents.

SUMMARY:

The results of the Armed Forces Regression Study fit nicely within the evolving paradigm of targeting HDL-cholesterol in patients at risk of cardiovascular events. The use of niacin and well-tolerated fibrates as an adjunct to statins or as primary therapy in patients intolerant of statins appears reasonable in patients with low levels of HDL-cholesterol and at high risk of cardiovascular events. The further development of novel therapeutic approaches, in addition to broadening our pharmacological armamentarium, should further advance our understanding of HDL-cholesterol.

项与 HRT-001 相关的新闻（医药）

2024-02-12

·FierceBiotech

CSL's 'most ambitious' phase 3 trial ends in failure for heart attack drug

CSL Behring’s share price dropped around 5% when the Australian stock exchange opened Monday. CSL Behring’s largest-ever trial has ended in failure, as the Australian pharma revealed that its cholesterol efflux enhancer was unable to reduce the risk of heart attacks. The company had been testing CSL112, also known as apolipoprotein A-I, in a study of about 17,400 heart attack patients spread across 49 countries. The first participant was dosed in the AEGIS-II study in 2018. But the trial failed to hit its primary endpoint of showing a reduction in the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events after 90 days when compared to placebo, CSL disclosed in a Feb. 11 release. “As a result, there are no plans for a near-term regulatory filing,” the company concluded. CSL didn’t share many other details, although it did point out that there were no major safety or tolerability concerns with the drug. Instead, the company said it would share primary results at the American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions in April. “Substantial work remains to fully analyze and understand the complete data and then to determine any development path ahead for this asset,” CSL’s head of R&D Bill Mezzanotte, M.D., said in the release. “AEGIS-II is the most ambitious study in our company's history and we are proud of the quality of the study we delivered and the enhanced capabilities we developed to do so,” Mezzanotte added. “We plan to apply these capabilities as well as our plasma protein platform to future unmet medical need in cardiovascular and metabolic conditions as well as those in our other strategic therapeutic areas.” CSL112 was developed using a new formulation of apoA-I, the main component of high-density lipoproteins, which was extracted from human plasma. By enhancing the body’s ability to remove cholesterol from plaque in the arteries, the hope was that CSL112 would reduce cardiovascular events among high-risk patients in what CSL had described as the “critical 90 days after a heart attack.” When the trial was designed back in 2017, CSL executives suggested that CSL112 had “the potential to change the current treatment paradigm for heart attack survivors and improve global health outcomes for the millions of people at risk for early recurrent cardiovascular events.” The company’s share price dropped around 5% when the Australian stock exchange opened Monday, with CSL’s shares ending the day’s trading at 290.24 Australian dollars compared to a Friday closing price of AU$305.

临床3期AHA会议

2024-02-12

·EndPoints

CSL shares down 5% after post-heart attack drug disappoints in late-stage test

CSL’s cholesterol efflux enhancer failed to prevent repeat cardiac events in a Phase III study that recruited patients who had a recent myocardial infarction, prompting a drop in the company’s share price. The Phase III AEGIS-II trial tested the drug, CSL112, against placebo in more than 18,200 patients in the 90-day high-risk period after a heart attack. The treatment missed the primary endpoint of reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 90 days. There were no major safety or tolerability concerns, CSL said in a company release . You’ll get access to free articles each month, plus you can customize what newsletters get delivered to your inbox each week, including breaking news.

临床3期AHA会议临床结果

2024-02-12

·Firstwordpharma

CSL hit by late-stage study failure for heart drug

CSL said Monday that a Phase III study of CSL112 in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients following an acute myocardial infarction failed to meet its primary endpoint, wiping nearly 5% off the company’s share price.The AEGIS-II trial investigated the cholesterol efflux enhancer for the reduction of recurrent cardiovascular events in the 90-day high-risk period that follows a heart attack. The study, which was unveiled in 2017, included over 18,200 patients who were given four weekly doses of CSL112 or placebo initiated within five days of first medical contact.CSL noted that the study missed its primary efficacy endpoint of MACE reduction at 90 days, while there were no major safety or tolerability concerns with CSL112. Further analysis of AEGIS-II is ongoing and primary results will be presented at the American College of Cardiology (ACC) scientific sessions in April.Future uncertain"Substantial work remains to fully analyse and understand the complete data and then to determine any development path ahead for this asset,” remarked Bill Mezzanotte, CSL’s head of R&D. The therapy is a formulation of plasma-derived apolipoprotein A-I reconstituted to form HDL particles suitable for intravenous infusion.However, UBS analyst Laura Sutcliffe said she would be surprised to see any further development of CSL112 in a wide population. “If there is a compelling subgroup, perhaps further development with smaller or shorter studies is an option, but this is rarely the outcome at this stage,” Sutcliffe added.

临床3期AHA会议

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