University of Kirkuk

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) plays a significant role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) complications.

This study examined the association between RAGE gene polymorphisms (rs2070600 and rs184003) and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in DKD. Fifty DKD patients and fifty healthy controls were enrolled.

For the rs2070600 variant, the CC genotype and C allele frequencies were 64% and 82% in DKD patients, respectively, while the TT genotype was more prevalent in controls (P = 0.002). The A allele homozygous genotype of rs184003 was more common in controls than in DKD patients (P = 0.037). Furthermore, haplotype association and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analyses were performed, and the findings revealed that the C-C and A-T haplotypes were significantly more frequent in DKD patients and healthy controls, respectively. In DKD patients, a significant increase in myeloperoxidase (MPO) and catalase (CAT) activities and a decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were observed (P < 0.001). Serum concentrations of IL-6 (13.63 ± 5.89 pg/mL vs. 4.93 ± 1.74 pg/mL; P < 0.001) and TNF-α (58.19 ± 26.48 pg/mL vs. 12.69 ± 5.71 pg/mL; P < 0.001) were significantly elevated in the DKD group. For rs184003, the A allele and AA genotype were more common in controls, suggesting a reduced DKD risk. In individuals with the CC and CT genotypes for rs2070600 and the CC, CA, and AA genotypes for rs184003, elevated malondialdehyde, IL-6, TNF-α, and MPO activity were observed, alongside reduced CAT and GPx activities.

RAGE polymorphisms may contribute to increased oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant capacity in DKD, underscoring their role in the disease's pathogenesis.

This study reports the synthesis of a new Schiff base namely 2-hydroxy-3-((3-((E)-1-(2-(2-((E)-1-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(trimethylammonio)propoxy)-3-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-5-yl)ethylid-ene)hydrazine-1-carbonothioyl)hydrazineylidene)ethyl)-5-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-4-yl)oxy)-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium (HMPO/QA) and its application in extracting and concentrating W(VI) from synthetic solutions and honeycomb-type spent selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst as a real application.Optimal parameters for the sorption capacity of 391.43 mg/g at pH 5.5, 0.06 g of adsorbent, 30 min of contacting time, and room temperature were determined after studying the adsorption of W(VI) under different variables of initial concentration, pH, dosage, reaction time, and temperatureThe desorption of tungsten from W-loaded HMPO/QA sorbent was studied to determine the sorbent′s reusability and retrieve valuable W(VI) ions for subsequent preparation of tungsten oxide (WO₃) nanoparticles.It was possible to desorb most of W(VI) efficiently using 0.5 mol L^-1 NaOH for 20 min.This allowed to recover 99.5 % of W(VI) and show remarkable sorbent stability, after eight sorption-desorption cycles.Investigating selectivity revealed that ions like V(V), Ca(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Fe(II) don′t interfere much, but Mo(VI), and Cr(VI) had a higher impact.The adsorption process was governed well by pseudo-second-order kinetics modeling, and isotherm models of Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich.The effective synthesis of HMPO/QA, and WO₃ nanoparticles, and adsorption mechanism was confirmed by comprehensive characterization through techniques like FTIR, BET, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, GC-MS, XPS, EDX, TEM, and XRD.According to the results of the thermodn. study, adsorption is endothermic, occurs spontaneously, and becomes more favorable with rising temperatureBased on the results of this study, the effective synthesis process of adsorbent and enhanced W(VI) adsorption capacity, the HMPO/QA sorbent can be applied as highly effective, reusable, stable, and cost-effective adsorbent for tungsten.

The treatment of open wounds presents a significant challenge in clinical practice due to the increased risk of bacterial infections and prolonged recovery times. Currently, antibiotics are highly preferred to address underlying problems; however, their misuse has led to antibacterial resistance and compromised biocompatibility. This underscores the need for an advanced biological macromolecule-based system with multifunctional properties. Herein, we report a gelatin-based hydrogel dressing integrated with MXene and zingerone (GPM Z) to manage open wounds. Nanocomposite hydrogels demonstrated porous networks, hydrophilic nature, and rheological behavior, ensuring their reliability in a physiological environment. The sustained release of zingerone from hydrogels promotes prolonged therapeutic effects while minimizing side effects associated with burst release. In vitro analysis confirms >80 % antioxidant potential as determined by DPPH assay, hemolysis (<5 %), n-HDF cells compatibility, and antibacterial activity of nanocomposite hydrogels, which can be tuned by varying MXene concentration in hydrogels. In vivo analysis highlights the effectiveness of GPM-5 Z hydrogel in facilitating wound closure (98.75 % by day 14). The synergistic interplay of MXene and zingerone enhances wound healing by combining MXene antibacterial potential and bio interactive surface supporting cell proliferation with zingerone antioxidant activity that mitigates oxidative stress, thereby facilitating collagen deposition, re-epithelialization, and angiogenesis.