AbstractThe wellhead is a pressure containing vessel at the top of well and acts as the mechanical connection between well and blowout preventer (BOP), or Christmas tree. Wellheads in subsea wells are subjected to dynamic loading, and consequently fatigue damage, whenever a riser connects a well to a floating vessel. This paper investigates the load distribution and stresses along the components of subsea wellheads installed in a caisson, as an alternative to mitigate wellhead fatigue.To prevent fatigue-related incidents, operators, suppliers, and classification societies have collaborated to improve the evaluation of wellhead fatigue. A detailed finite element model (FEM) of the wellhead is used to simulate the mechanical response of the system and calculate stress levels at relevant spots. The simulations presented in this study follow the industry's recommended practices to investigate the potential of reducing the loading on wellhead fatigue hot spots by having a caisson installed around the conductor. Different parameters were established to evaluate the sensitivity of the system's response and determine the optimal mechanical configuration.Caissons have been used to place the wellhead and the Christmas tree below the mudline level, as a protective measure against icebergs in Arctic regions and trawl nets in fishing areas. The results of the presented study case indicate that this practice may be of benefit to subsea wellheads in general. The interactions with the caisson and the thick cement ring between conductor and caisson near the mudline may alter the response of the wellhead to the environmental loads transferred by the riser. While the magnitude of the loading itself is not reduced, its distribution along the wellhead components is. As a result, stresses on wellhead spots particularly vulnerable to fatigue failure, such as welds, may be reduced, while stresses on other, less vulnerable, locations of the wellhead may increase, which still results in a net gain to the overall service life of the product.Installation of a subsea wellhead in a caisson is a potential fatigue mitigating measure applicable to new wells, either in satellite or clustered configuration. The industry's established experience with similar equipment may expedite the adoption of this measure.

2022-07-17·Volume 3: Fluid-Structure Interaction; High Pressure Technology

Finite Element Analysis of Piping System Under Blast Load Due to Accidental Explosion

作者: Basu, Sudipta ; Dereli, Ozer ; Ozbey, Mehmet ; Bhattacharyya, Rudraprasad

AbstractThis paper presents a methodology for nonlinear dynamic finite element analysis of piping system, which mainly consists of process piping, and pipe supports subjected to accidental blast loading. As opposed to an ASME B31.3 linear elastic static code check performed on Caesar II (Category 1) or a simplified single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) approach (Category 2), a multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) approach is more realistic and less conservative for blast analysis of piping systems. Thus, the piping system is modeled as a multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) system to capture both the local and global responses. Furthermore, an in-house scripting tool was developed to automatically convert the piping stress analysis input files (in Caesar II) to blast analysis input files (in Abaqus). The scripting tool allows blast analysis of several hundreds of piping systems to be performed within a competitive project timeline. In the blast analysis model, blast load is applied as drag load on the piping system. In this study, geometric, material, and boundary condition nonlinearities are considered. The blast analysis is performed using commercial finite element software Abaqus/Explicit. The displacements and plastic strains at different locations of the piping system are evaluated and compared against a pre-established displacement limit and a plastic strain limit. Based on the analysis results, the number of additional pipe-supports which were required by linear elastic static or SDOF analysis approaches were significantly reduced along the piping systems.

2022-07-17·Volume 2: Computer Technology and Bolted Joints; Design and Analysis

Performing Under Pressure – Design Guidance for High-Pressure, High Cycle Piping System

作者: Chae, Jaehee

AbstractPlant owners are responsible for specifying piping fluid service categories and determining the applicability of ASME B31.3 Chapter IX for high-pressure piping. However, the code only defines the design for high-pressure fluid service piping, and many designers and engineers are not fully aware of the best design practices for low-stress and high-cycle applications.Using innovative industry approaches and harmonic response analysis, dynamic stress levels of piping are calculated, and finite element analysis (FEA) used to calculate stress from the cycle range. This includes piping system design pressure at 10,200 psig with expectations of more than 1,000,000 stress cycles in a single day.A thermal flexibility analysis of the piping system along with a fatigue analysis for the entire piping components within the system is performed in accordance with ASME BPV code Section VIII Division 3. The fatigue stress ranges of a properly designed vibrating piping system are typically well below the ASME BPV code limit.High-pressure, unlisted piping fitting components such as reducers, tees, elbows and flanges, are also analyzed using the FEA and ASME BPV code design procedures.This paper discusses the design process and deviations from the base code for piping design requirements as well as special techniques to consider for high-pressure and high-cycle piping.

项与 Wood Group Ltd. 相关的新闻（医药）

2019-02-26

·GlobeNewswire

Global $14.99 Bn Thermal Spray Coatings Market, 2019-2025 - Increasing Preference Over Hard Chrome Coatings

Dublin, Feb. 26, 2019 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The "Thermal Spray Coatings Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Product, By Technology (Cold, Flame, Plasma, HVOF, Electric Arc), By Application, By Region, And Segment Forecasts, 2019 - 2025" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering. The global thermal spray coatings market size is anticipated to reach USD 14.99 billion by 2025It is expected to expand at a CAGR of 6.7% during the forecast period. Increasing demand from aerospace, industrial gas turbines, and a few other industries is expected to propel the growth.Growing demand for corrosion resistant coatings from these industries is expected to be a key driver for market growth. Thermal spraying is used to improve or restore the surface of a solid material. This technological process can be used to apply coatings to a wide range of components and materials, to provide resistance to cavitation, wear, abrasion erosion, heat, and corrosion.In addition, thermal spraying is used to provide insulation or electrical conductivity, chemical resistance, lubricity, sacrificial wear, high or low friction, and various other desirable properties to the coated surface. These coatings have high potential market opportunity on account of its properties such as biocompatibility, cavitation resistance, and aesthetic appeal making them ideally suited for various applications.Growing oil and gas explorations, particularly in Asia Pacific coupled with upcoming shale gas explorations across the globe is expected to fuel demand over the forecast period. The thermal spray coatings market is characterized by the presence of stringent regulations in various regions including in Europe and North America. There are several regulations governing the market that define thermal-spray processes for machinery element repair of ferrous and non-ferrous substrates.Medical is expected to be a lucrative application segment on account to increasing application scope of thermal spray coating particularly in the biomedical sector. They help extend shelf life and improve performance of dental and orthopedic implants. Advantages of using thermal spray coating in the biomedical sector include superior wear and corrosion resistance and bone bond enhancement.Automotive industry growth mainly in China, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand is expected boost production capacities of coating manufacturing companies. Asia Pacific is expected to be the fastest growing market on account of increasing vehicle production along with rapid economic growth in China, India, Japan, Indonesia, South Korea, and Thailand.Further key findings from the report suggest: In terms of revenue, ceramics product segment is anticipated to reach USD 4.81 billion by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 7.2% from 2017 to 2025Aerospace application segment dominated the market in terms of revenue, with a market share of over 32.30% in 2017, owing to the ability of thermal spray coating to provide wear and corrosion protection, low toxic gas emissions, thickness capability, and electrical resistance to the surfaceThe U.S. thermal spray coatings market is anticipated to exceed USD 3.04 billion by 2025 owing to the presence of various manufacturers and suppliers in the countryThe market is competitive with the presence of a number of global, medium, and small scale companies catering to the global and local demand. The companies engage in mergers and acquisitions to expand their market reach and product portfoliosSome of the key companies include Praxair Surface Technologies, H.C. Starck Inc., Wall Colmonoy, Powder Alloy Corporation, Carpenter Technology Corporation, Montreal Carbide Co. Ltd., and Kennametal Stellite. Key Topics Covered: Chapter 1 Methodology and Scope1.1 Research Methodology1.2 Research Scope and Assumptions1.3 List to Data SourcesChapter 2 Executive Summary2.1 Market SummaryChapter 3 Market Variables, Trends & Scope3.1 Market Segmentation3.2 Thermal Spray Coatings Market Dynamics3.3 Value chain analysis3.3.1 raw material trends3.3.1.1 Epoxy resin3.3.1.2 Polypropylene3.3.1.3 Aluminum3.3.1.4 Steel3.3.1.5 Nickel3.3.1.6 Zinc3.3.1.7 Copper3.3.1.8 Iron ore3.3.1.9 Tungsten3.3.2 Technology overview3.3.2.1 Electric arc spray (twin wire electric arc)3.3.2.2 Flame spray3.3.2.3 Plasma spray3.3.2.4 High velocity oxy fuel (HVOF)3.3.3 Threat from other demand sources3.3.4 existing distribution channels3.4 Market opportunity assessment3.4.1 Identification of potential customers3.4.2 identification of market avenues3.5 Market variables analysis3.5.1 Market Driver Analysis3.5.1.1 Increasing demand for industrial gas turbines3.5.1.2 Increasing preference over hard chrome coatings3.5.1.3 Automotive industry growth in Asia Pacific3.5.2 Market restraint Analysis3.5.2.1 Volatile raw material prices3.6 Thermal spray coatings market: Porters five forces analysis3.7 Thermal spray coatings market: PESTEL analysisChapter 4 Regulatory & political forces4.1 List of regulations4.1.1 United States Published Standards4.1.2 British/International Standards4.2 List of regulations, by raw material4.2.1 Epoxy resin4.2.2 Polypropylene4.2.3 Aluminum4.2.4 Steel4.2.5 Nickel4.2.6 Zinc4.2.7 Copper4.2.8 Iron ore4.2.9 TungstenChapter 5 Competitive and Vendor Landscape5.1 Competitive Environment5.1.1 Market leader5.1.2 Innovator5.2 Participant categorization5.3 Strategic Initiatives & outcome analysis5.3.1 List of key strategies, by company5.3.1.1 Praxair Surface Technologies5.3.1.2 Hgans AB5.3.1.3 Castolin Eutectic5.3.1.4 Wall Colmonoy5.3.1.5 Saint-Gobain S.A.5.3.1.6 Carpenter Technology Corporation5.3.1.7 Oerlikon Metco5.3.1.8 Medicoat AG5.3.1.9 Bodycote plc5.3.1.10 Turbocoating S.p.A5.3.1.11 MesoCoat, Inc.5.3.1.12 Polymet Corporation5.3.1.13 Curtiss-Wright Corporation5.3.1.14 Integrated Global Services, Inc.5.3.1.15 Precision Coating Co., Inc.,5.3.1.16 Cincinnati Thermal Spray, Inc5.4 List of key companies, by region5.5 List of key companies, by technology/productChapter 6 Thermal Spray Coatings Market: Product Estimates & Trend Analysis6.1 Thermal spray coatings market: Product movement analysis, 2017 & 20256.2 Metal6.3 Ceramic6.4 Intermetallic6.5 Polymers6.6 Carbides6.7 Abradables6.8 OthersChapter 7 Thermal Spray Coatings Market: Technology Estimates & Trend Analysis7.1 Thermal spray coatings market: Technology movement analysis, 2017 & 20257.2 Cold spray7.3 Flame spray7.4 Plasma spray7.5 High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF)7.6 Electric arc spray7.7 OthersChapter 8 Thermal Spray Coatings Market: Application Estimates & Trend Analysis8.1 Thermal spray coatings market: Product movement analysis, 2017 & 20258.2 Aerospace8.3 Industrial gas turbines8.4 Automotive8.5 Medical8.6 Printing8.7 Oil & gas8.8 Steel8.9 Pulp & paper8.10 OthersChapter 9 Thermal Spray Coating: Regional Estimates & Trend Analysis9.1 Thermal spray coating market: Regional movement analysis, 2017 & 2025Chapter 10 Company Profiles Praxair Surface TechnologiesHgans ABH.C. Starck Inc.Castolin EutecticWall ColmonoyPowder Alloy CorporationSaint-Gobain S.A.Carpenter Technology CorporationFujimi IncorporatedDurum Verschleiss-Schutz GmbHMontreal Carbide Co. Ltd.Kennametal StelliteOerlikon MetcoAMT AGGTV VerschleischutzFlame Spray TechnologiesMedicoat AGProgressive Surface Inc.TOCALO Co. Ltd.American Roller CompanyBodycote plcTurbocoating S.p.A.MesoCoat Inc.Wood Group PSNF.W. Gartner Thermal SprayingVitta CorporationFlame Spray Coating Co.Polymet CorporationCurtis-Wright CorporationMetallisation Ltd.TST Engineered Coating SolutionsAir Products & ChemicalsMetallizing Equipment Co. Pvt. LtdTWI Ltd.Integrated Global ServicesA&A Company Inc.ThermionPrecision Coatings Inc.ASB Industries Inc.Cincinnati Thermal Spray Inc.Abler GmbH & Co. KGPlasma Technology IncorporatedHFW Industries Inc.Racine Flame Spray Inc.BryCoat Inc. For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/x2ngjz/global_14_99_bn?w=12 Research and Markets also offers Custom Research services providing focused, comprehensive and tailored research. CONTACT: ResearchAndMarkets.com Laura Wood, Senior Press Manager press@researchandmarkets.com For E.S.T Office Hours Call 1-917-300-0470 For U.S./CAN Toll Free Call 1-800-526-8630 For GMT Office Hours Call +353-1-416-8900 Related Topics: Paints and Coatings

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