Treatment of the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) with polyphenols increases protective proteins in this integument. Despite being widely studied for its benefits on health, the bioavalability of trans-resveratrol after oral administration is less than 1%.
OBJECTIVE:This study evaluated the effect of administration of trans-resveratrol-containing orodispersible tablets on the protein composition of the AEP and on blood plasma trans-resveratrol concentrations.
METHODS:Ten volunteers participated in two crossover double-blind phases. In each phase, after dental prophylaxis, they received a trans-resveratrol (15 mg) orodispersible tablet, or a placebo tablet (without actives). The AEP formed after 120 min was collected with electrode filter papers soaked in 3% citric acid. Blood samples were collected 30, 45, 60 and 120 min after the use of the tablet. After protein extraction, AEP samples were analyzed by shotgun label-free quantitative proteomics and plasma samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
RESULTS:Eight hundred and two proteins were identified in the AEP. Among them, 336 and 213 were unique to the trans-resveratrol and control groups, respectively, while 253 were common to both groups. Proteins with important functions in the AEP had increased expression in the trans-resveratrol-treated group, such as neutrophil defensins, S100 protein isoforms, lysozyme C, cystatin-D, mucin-7, alpha-amylase, albumin, haptoglobin and statherin. Trans-resveratrol was detected in the plasma at all the times evaluated, with the peak at 30 min.
CONCLUSION:The administration of trans-resveratrol in sublingual orodispersible tablets was effective both to increase the bioavailability of the polyphenol and the expression of antibacterial and acid-resistant proteins in the AEP, which might benefit oral and general health.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE:The AEP engineering with trans-resveratrol increases the amount and the diversity of proteins incorporated in the AEP, which might increase dental protection not only against ETW but also against caries.