HACD2

更新于：2025-01-23

基本信息

别名

3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 2、HACD2、Protein-tyrosine phosphatase-like member B

+ [2]

简介

Catalyzes the third of the very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) elongation four-step cycle (condensation, reduction, dehydration, and reduction). This endoplasmic reticulum-elongation process is characterized by the addition of two carbons to the lipid chain through each cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of elongation. Therefore, it participates in the production of various VLCFAs involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators.

关联

100 项与 HACD2 相关的临床结果

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100 项与 HACD2 相关的转化医学

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0 项与 HACD2 相关的专利（医药）

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项与 HACD2 相关的文献（医药）

2024-12-01·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics

Comparative physiological, biochemical and transcriptomic analyses to reveal potential regulatory mechanisms in response to starvation stress in Cipangopaludina chinensis

Article

作者: Chen, Zhong ; Zhou, Kangqi ; Pan, Xianhui ; Lin, Yong ; Wang, Dapeng ; Huang, Yin ; Du, Xuesong ; Qin, Junqi ; Yuan, Chang ; Zhang, Caiqun

Cipangopaludina chinensis, as a financially significant species in China, represents a gastropod in nature which frequently encounters starvation stress owing to its limited prey options. However, the underlying response mechanisms to combat starvation have not been investigated in depth. We collected C. chinensis under several times of starvation stress (0, 7, 30, and 60 days) for nutrient, biochemical characteristics and transcriptome analyses. The results showed that prolonged starvation stress (> 30 days) caused obvious fluctuations in the nutrient composition of snails, with dramatic reductions in body weight, survival and digestive enzyme activity (amylase, protease, and lipase), and markedly enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities of the snails. Comparative transcriptome analyses revealed 3538 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were significantly associated with specific starvation stress-responsive pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Then, we identified 40 candidate genes (e.g., HACD2, Cp1, CYP1A2, and GPX1) response to starvation stress through STEM and WGCNA analyses. RT-qPCR verified the accuracy and reliability of the high-throughput sequencing results. This study provides insights into snail overwintering survival and the potential regulatory mechanisms of snail adaptation to starvation stress.

2024-10-01·Poultry Science

A multitissue transcriptomic analysis reveals a potential mechanism whereby Brevibacillus laterosporus S62-9 promotes broiler growth

Article

作者: Li, Siting ; Zhi, Tongxin ; Liu, Xiangfei ; Ma, Aijin ; Chen, Zhou ; Jia, Yingmin

Brevibacillus laterosporus S62-9 has been shown to improve broiler growth performance and immunity. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of B. laterosporus S62-9 on the immunity and lipid metabolism of broilers by means of transcriptomic analysis. A total of 160 1-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to a S62-9 group, the diet of which was supplemented with 10⁶ CFU/g B. laterosporus S62-9 daily, and a control group, which was not. After 42 d of feeding, the broilers in the S62-9 group had higher body mass (7.2%) and feed conversion ratio (5.19%) than the control group. Supplementation with B. laterosporus S62-9 resulted in lower serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations and higher high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations. An analysis of the fatty acid composition of the broiler's thigh muscles revealed that the proportions of the unsaturated fatty acids myristoleic acid (C14:1) and arachidonic acid (C20:1) were higher for birds in the S62-9 group. Transcriptomic analysis also showed an upregulation of immunity-related genes in the S62-9 group. Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis showed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway was enriched in the liver, the defense response was enriched in the duodenum, and immunoglobulin-related entries were enriched in the jejunum of the S62-9 group. Furthermore, the expression of key genes involved in unsaturated fatty acid synthesis (SCD, encoding stearoyl-CoA desaturase) and fatty acid metabolism (HACD2, encoding 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 2) was upregulated in the liver, and the expression of genes associated with fat biosynthesis and accumulation, such as PLIN1, encoding perilipin 1, and FABP4, encoding fatty acid binding protein 4, was upregulated in the ileum of the birds in the S62-9 group. In summary, supplementation with B. laterosporus S62-9 could improve immune defense and the fatty acid metabolism of broiler chickens, thereby enhancing their disease resistance and promoting growth and development.

2024-04-01·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

The 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 1/2 form complex with trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase involved in substrates transfer in very long chain fatty acid elongation

Article

作者: Yu, Leiye ; Lv, Rui ; Zhou, Youli ; Ye, Richard D ; Ren, Ruobing

Very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are fatty acids with a carbon chain length greater than 18 carbons (>C18) and exhibit various functions, such as in skin barrier formation, liver homeostasis, myelin maintenance, spermatogenesis, retinal function, and anti-inflammation. VLCFAs are absorbed by dietary or elongated from endogenous hexadecanoyl acids (C16). Similar to long-chain fatty acid synthesis, VLCFAs elongation begins with acyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA as sources, and the length of the acyl chain is extended by two carbon units in each cycle. However, the VLCFAs elongation machinery is located in ER membrane and consists of four components, FA elongase (ELOVL), 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase (KAR), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (HACD), and trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (TECR), which is different with the long-chain fatty acid machinery fatty acid synthase (FAS) complex. Although the critical components in the elongation cycle are identified, the detailed catalytic and regulation mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here, we focused on the structural and biochemical analysis of TECR-associated VLCFA elongation reactions. Firstly, we identified a stable complex of human HACD2-TECR based on extensive in vitro characterizations. Combining computational modeling and biochemical analysis, we confirmed the critical interactions between TECR and HACD1/2. Then, we proposed the putative substrate binding sites and catalytic residues for TECR and HACD2. Besides, we revealed the structural similarities of HACD with ELOVLs and proposed the possible competition mechanism of TECR-associated complex formation.

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