更新于：2024-05-01

POLR3A

RNA polymerase III subunit A

更新于：2024-05-01

基本信息

别名

C160、DNA-directed RNA polymerase III largest subunit、DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit A

+ [9]

简介

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic core component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. A single-stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol III. A bridging helix emanates from RPC1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol III by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition (By similarity). Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts, such as Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs (EBERs) induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway.

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100 项与 POLR3A 相关的临床结果

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100 项与 POLR3A 相关的转化医学

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0 项与 POLR3A 相关的专利（医药）

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143

项与 POLR3A 相关的文献（医药）

2024-02-13·Molecular genetics & genomic medicine

Further delineation of Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome linked with POLR3A.

Article

作者: Amjad Khan ; Bushra Al Shamsi ; Maryam Al Shehhi ; Amna A Kashgari ; Aaisha Al Balushi ; Fahad A Al Dihan ; Mohannad A Alghamdi ; Abothnain Manal ; Ana C González-Álvarez ; Stefan T Arold ; Wafaa Eyaid

Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch Syndrome (WRS; MIM 264090) is an extremely rare and highly heterogeneous syndrome that is inherited in a recessive fashion. The patients have hallmark features such as prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, short stature, a progeroid appearance, hypotonia, facial dysmorphology, hypomyelination leukodystrophy, and mental impairment. Biallelic disease-causing variants in the RNA polymerase III subunit A (POLR3A) have been associated with WRS. Here, we report the first identified cases of WRS syndrome with novel phenotypes in three consanguineous families (two Omani and one Saudi) characterized by biallelic variants in POLR3A. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified one novel homozygous missense variant (NM_007055: c.2456C>T; p. Pro819Leu) in two Omani families and one novel homozygous variant (c.1895G>T; p Cys632Phe) in Saudi family that segregates with the disease in the POLR3A gene. In silico homology modeling of wild-type and mutated proteins revealed a substantial change in the structure and stability of both proteins, demonstrating a possible effect on function. By identifying the homozygous variants in the exon 14 and 18 of the POLR3A gene, our findings will contribute to a better understanding of the phenotype-genotype relationship and molecular etiology of WRS syndrome.

2023-12-12·bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

Molecular basis of neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Polr3 -related disease.

作者: Robyn D Moir ; Emilio Merheb ; Violeta Chitu ; E Richard Stanley ; Ian M Willis

Pathogenic variants in subunits of RNA polymerase (Pol) III cause a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases including 4H leukodystrophy. Disease onset occurs from infancy to early adulthood and is associated with a variable range and severity of neurological and non-neurological features. The molecular basis of disease pathogenesis is unknown. We developed a postnatal whole-body mouse model expressing pathogenic Polr3a mutations to examine the molecular mechanisms by which reduced Pol III transcription results primarily in central nervous system phenotypes. Polr3a mutant mice exhibit behavioral deficits, cerebral pathology and exocrine pancreatic atrophy. Transcriptome and immunohistochemistry analyses of cerebra during disease progression show a reduction in most Pol III transcripts, induction of innate immune and integrated stress responses and cell type-specific gene expression changes reflecting neuron and oligodendrocyte loss and microglial activation. Earlier in the disease when integrated stress and innate immune responses are minimally induced, mature tRNA sequencing revealed a global reduction in tRNA levels and an altered tRNA profile but no changes in other Pol III transcripts. Thus, changes in the size and/or composition of the tRNA pool have a causal role in disease initiation. Our findings reveal different tissue- and brain region-specific sensitivities to a defect in Pol III transcription.

2023-11-16·The Clinical neuropsychologist

Case report: neuropsychological assessment in a patient with 4H leukodystrophy.

Article

作者: Aya Haneda ; Jennifer K Hoots ; Hannah A Hagy ; Maureen Lacy

Objective: POLR3-HLD or 4H leukodystrophy is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypomyelination, hypodontia, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and caused by variants in POLR3A, POLR3B, POLR1C, or POLR3K genes. Neurological and non-neurological clinical features and disease severity vary. While previous studies reference variable cognition, this is the first report of 4H detailing a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Method: The current study presents a 20-year-old, English-speaking, right-handed, non-Hispanic White female with 12 years of education with genetically confirmed 4H POLR3B-related leukodystrophy without hormonal replacement treatment. Results: At age 4, developmental delays, ataxia, hearing loss, and abnormal dentition were present. Imaging, endocrinology, and neurologic examinations revealed hypomyelination, reduced cerebellar volume, delayed bone age density, osteopenia, and evidence of adrenarche without signs of true puberty. Neuropsychological assessment at age 20 revealed global cognitive impairment with intellectual, attention, verbal memory retrieval, construction, executive (e.g. processing speed, sustained attention) and math computation deficits, along with behavioral dysregulation. Conclusion: We present the first detailed neuropsychological assessment of a patient with 4H leukodystrophy. The neuropsychological assessment revealed cognitive and behavioral dysexecutive deficits aligning with hypomyelination observed on imaging. Further longitudinal studies are needed to shed light on the neurobehavioral presentation associated with this disorder to assist care providers, patients, and their families.

项与 POLR3A 相关的新闻（医药）

2024-03-30

·精准药物

利用Cullin E3连接酶接头蛋白SKP1进行靶向蛋白降解

研究背景由与E3泛素连接酶配体连接蛋白质靶向配体形成的蛋白水解靶向嵌合体（PROTAC）的靶向蛋白质降解已成为一种通过蛋白酶体介导的降解致病蛋白质的强大治疗方式。虽然有超过600个E3连接酶，但是大多数PROTAC只利用了Cullin-RING E3泛素连接酶的底物受体——cereblon和VHL。近年来，还发现了许多其他针对其他E3连接酶的募集蛋白，包括cIAP、MDM2、DCAF16、DCAF11、RNF114、RNF4、FEM1B、KEAP1和DCAF1。并不是所有的E3连接酶都对癌细胞活力至关重要，因此，癌细胞中可能会出现耐药机制，从而损害E3连接酶募集并使PROTAC无效。开发针对泛素-蛋白酶体机制核心成分的募集剂，例如针对对细胞活力至关重要的CUL1-CUL7 E3连接酶中的Cullin-RING E3连接酶复合接头蛋白（如DDB1、SKP1 或ELOB/ELOC）的募集剂，可以避免PROTAC可能产生的潜在未来耐药机制。加州大学伯克利分校Nomura课题组研究了CUL1-RING E3连接酶接头蛋白SKP1是否可以被募集用于PROTAC介导的新底物降解。研究内容该课题组在基于凝胶的基于活性的蛋白质分析（ABPP）中筛选了1284个半胱氨酸反应性共价配体，筛选了针对人SKP1-FBXO7-CUL1-RBX1复合物（图1）。该筛选产生的性能最良好的化合物是EN884（图2）。EN884显示了SKP1-FBXO7-CUL1-RBX1复合物中人SKP1蛋白的半胱氨酸反应性探针的剂量反应置换（图3）。图1.半胱氨酸反应性共价配体库筛选结果（针对SKP1-FBXO7-CUL1-RBX1复合物）图2.EN884结构图3.EN884与半胱氨酸探针反应该课题组对与 EN884 一起孵育的SKP1-FBXO7-CUL1-RBX1复合物进行了串联质谱（MS/MS）分析，以确定修饰位点（图4），发现了一个被修饰的位点——SKP1上的C160（图5），该位点由于特定的F-Box结构域，表现出独特的构象。因此，该课题组假设EN884可能会利用SKP1和CUL1底物受体之间的集体界面并结合。图4.串联质谱分析图5.结合位点位置接下来，该课题组合成了两个基于EN884的炔烃功能化探针SJH1-37-m、SJH1-37-p（图6）。基于凝胶的ABPP评估这些探针与SKP1复合物的结合，与对位相比，间位结合能力更佳（图7）。图6.探针结构图7.探针结合能力值得注意的是，由于C160位置特殊，EN884和SJH1-37m不与单体SKP1结合（图8）。这表明，CUL1复合物的其余部分，或至少是底物受体，是配体与SKP1结合所必需的。图8.探针与单体SKP1结合该课题组进一步证明，SJH1-37m通过SKP1的下拉在细胞中结合SKP1，而不是不相关的蛋白质，如GAPDH（图9）。图9.SJH1-37m探针的SKP1下拉接下来，该课题组进行了基于质谱的ABPP，以使用先前建立的同位素脱硫生物素-ABPP（isoDTB-ABPP）鉴定HEK293T细胞中EN884参与SKP1的半胱氨酸。该课题组发现EN884在SKP1上与C160有7%的最小参与（图10）。这种最小参与与已应用在PROTAC（包括DCAF16、DCAF11和RNF114）中的其他共价E3连接酶募集剂观察到的最小参与一致。图10.HEK293T细胞中EN884的isoDTB-ABPP分析为了证明共价SKP1配体可用于PROTAC应用，该课题组合成了四种不同的PROTAC，通过C2、C4、C5或PEG3连接子将EN884的衍生物与BET家族抑制剂JQ1连接起来，分别生成SJH1-51A、SJH1-51B、SJH1-51C和SJH1-51D（图11）。所有四种PROTAC都降解了HEK293T细胞中BRD4的短亚型（图12），其中使用C4烷基接头的SJH1-51B观察到的降解最强。图11.四种PROTAC结构图12.四种PROTAC降解效果并且，基于串联质量标记（TMT）的MDA-MB-231细胞中SJH1-51B的定量蛋白质组学分析显示BRD4中等选择性降解，其中16种蛋白质的水平显着降低>50%（图13）。图13.SJH1-51B的定量蛋白质组学与蛋白酶体介导的降解一致，SJH1-51B介导的BRD4降解通过用蛋白酶体抑制剂硼替佐米预处理而减弱（图14）。它还显示出对活性Cullin RING E3连接酶所需的NEDD化的依赖性，NEDD化抑制剂MLN4924可减弱BRD4的降解（图15）。最重要的是，该课题组证明SKP1敲低完全减弱了SJH1-51B在HEK293T细胞中对BRD4的降解（图16）。图14.硼替佐米预处理结果图15.MLN4924预处理结果图16.SKP1敲低细胞结果BRD4是一种相对容易被PROTAC降解的蛋白质。因此，该课题组接下来测试了共价SKP1募集剂是否可用于降解另一种新底物蛋白——雄激素受体（AR）。该课题组合成了4种AR PROTAC，将共价SKP1募集剂与来自ARV-110的Arvinas AR PROTAC靶向配体连接起来，没有连接子或C4、C6或C7烷基连接子，分别产生SJH1-63、SJH1-62C、SJH1-62D和SJH1-62B（图17）。该课题组观察到所有4种PROTAC的AR降解，其中带有C7烷基接头的SJH1-62B在LNCaP前列腺癌细胞中显示出最有效和最强大的AR降解（图17）。图17.四种AR PROTAC结构与降解效果该课题组进一步证明，SJH1-62B介导的AR降解在蛋白酶体抑制剂预处理后减弱（图18）。定量蛋白质组学分析还表明，AR与其他11种蛋白质的选择性降解在5000多种定量蛋白质中也显著降低（图19）。图18.SJH1-62B的硼替佐米预处理结果图19.SJH1-62B的定量蛋白质组学研究总结该课题组发现了一种SKP1募集物，它共价靶向位于SKP1和CUL1 F-box底物受体界面的SKP1的固有无序C160。这一观察结果为发现仅在含有IDR的蛋白质与其相互作用的蛋白质形成复合物时出现的可连接位点提供了概念证明。他们进一步证明，这种共价SKP1配体可用于PROTAC应用，以降解细胞中的新底物，如BRD4和AR。鉴于SKP1的重要性，SKP1的共价募集可能潜在地克服在癌症治疗中利用非本质E3连接酶的PROTAC的耐药性机制。虽然该课题组证明了在PROTAC中使用Cullin RING E3连接酶衔接蛋白的概念，但SKP1配体仍处于早期阶段，需要进行重大的药物化学优化，以提高效力、选择性和类药物特性。该课题组的研究结果还强调了使用共价化学蛋白质组学方法来识别泛素-蛋白酶体系统中蛋白质的补充物的实用性，该系统可用于靶向蛋白质降解应用。作者：潘相奕校审：周金明编辑：郑一榕时间：2024年3月29日参考文献Exploiting the Cullin E3 Ligase Adaptor Protein SKP1 for Targeted Protein Degradation ACS Chemical Biology 2024 19 (2), 442-450. DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00642 声明：发表/转载本文仅仅是出于传播信息的需要，并不意味着代表本公众号观点或证实其内容的真实性。据此内容作出的任何判断，后果自负。若有侵权，告知必删！长按关注本公众号粉丝群/投稿/授权/广告等请联系公众号助手觉得本文好看，请点这里↓

蛋白降解靶向嵌合体