Article
作者: Wang, Yuan ; Wang, Sheng ; Luo, Xiu ; Wang, Zhenning ; Xv, Xiangjin ; Deng, Lijun ; Liu, Chao ; Li, Pilong ; Chen, Fei Xavier ; Li, Yu ; Zhang, Tianyu ; Li, Wei ; Liu, Weiwei ; Gao, Pu ; Lu, Xiaohua ; Lin, Chengqi ; Zhang, Yadi ; Ji, Jinyao ; Goh, Wee Siong Sho ; Li, Dong ; Chen, Chunlai ; Miao, Na ; Dang, Yunkun ; Luo, Zhuojuan ; Guan, Li ; Yu, Yang ; Liu, Xiaojun ; Wang, Ming ; Wu, Xueming ; Zhou, Wenhao ; Qiao, Zhenghao ; Ouyang, Xuan
The PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway plays a crucial role in protecting animal germ cells by repressing transposons. However, the mechanism of piRNA-guided heterochromatin formation and its relationship to transcriptional termination remains elusive. Through RNA interference screening, we discovered Pcf11 and PNUTS as essential for piRNA-guided silencing in Drosophila germ line. Enforced tethering of Pcf11 leads to co-transcriptional repression and RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) stalling, and both are dependent on an α-helical region of Pcf11 capable of forming condensates. An intrinsically disordered region can substitute for the α-helical region of Pcf11 in its silencing capacity and support animal development, arguing for a causal relationship between phase separation and Pcf11's function. Pcf11 stalls RNA Pol II by preferentially forming condensates with the unphosphorylated Spt5, promoted by the PP1/PNUTS phosphatase during termination. We propose that Pcf11/Spt5 condensates control termination by decelerating polymerase elongation, a property exploited by piRNAs to silence transposons and initiate RNA-mediated heterochromatin formation.