Objective:This study aimed to investigate the effect of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on
DU145 cells and the role of NR2F2 (COUP-TFII) and its potential target genes in this process.Methods:GSE122625 was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the
DHA-treated and control groups. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed
to identify hub genes, and the ChEA3 database was used to identify potential transcription
factors. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to validate the expression of genes of interest
and functional assays were performed to evaluate the effect of DHA on DU145 and PC-3 cells.
To solidify the regulatory relationship of NR2F2 with EFNB2, EBF1, ETS1, and VEGFA, a
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiment was performed.Results:We identified 85 DEGs in DU145 cells treated with DHA, and PPI network analysis
identified NR2F2 as a hub gene and potential transcription factor. The regulatory network of
NR2F2 and its potential target genes (EFNB2, EBF1, ETS1, and VEGFA) was constructed, and
the expression of these genes was upregulated in DHA-treated cells compared to control cells.
Functional assays showed that DHA treatment inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition, reduced
inflammation, and promoted apoptosis in DU145 and PC-3 cells. Furthermore, NR2F2
knockdown receded the DHA-induced upregulation of target genes and functional changes of
DU145 and PC-3 cells. The outcomes of ChIP unequivocally pointed to a positive regulatory
role of NR2F2 in these gene expressions.Conclusion:Our study suggests that DHA treatment affects the functions of DU145 and PC-3
cells by regulating the expression of NR2F2 and its potential target genes, and NR2F2 may serve
as a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.