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多达七成乳腺癌为雌激素受体阳性HER2阴性,对于晚期患者,芳香化酶抑制剂联合CDK4/6抑制剂一线治疗中位无进展生存25至28个月后,仍然出现耐药,只能开始化疗。第一代选择性雌激素受体降解剂(SERD)氟维司群±CDK4/6抑制剂已经成为雌激素受体阳性HER2阴性晚期乳腺癌芳香化酶抑制剂耐药患者的基础治疗方案,不过氟维司群只能肌肉注射,不能口服。伊鲁司群是新一代口服SERD,已被证实能够有效克服雌激素受体基因ESR1突变所致耐药。新一代CDK4/6抑制剂阿贝西利也被证实能够改善晚期乳腺癌和高风险早期乳腺癌患者生存,而且对CDK4的抑制作用是CDK6的近14倍,可以连续每天口服,其他CDK4/6抑制剂每天口服3周通常需要停用1周。去年此时,国际四大医学期刊之一、美国麻省医学会《新英格兰医学杂志》首页头条和全球最大的乳腺癌研究会议、第47届圣安东尼奥乳腺癌研讨会首场全体大会首位报告者同时公布EMBER-3研究初步结果:对于ESR1突变患者,伊鲁司群与标准治疗(氟维司群或依西美坦)相比,无进展生存显著改善;对于全部患者,不论ESR1突变与否,伊鲁司群联合阿贝西利与伊鲁司群单药相比,无进展生存显著改善。当时中位随访15.7个月,总生存数据尚不成熟。
EMBER-3 (NCT04975308): A Study of Imlunestrant, Investigator's Choice of Endocrine Therapy, and Imlunestrant Plus Abemaciclib in Participants With ER+, HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer
Official Title: A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label Study of Imlunestrant, Investigator's Choice of Endocrine Therapy, and Imlunestrant Plus Abemaciclib in Patients With Estrogen Receptor Positive, HER2 Negative Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer Previously Treated With Endocrine Therapy
2025年12月12日,欧洲肿瘤内科学会官方期刊《肿瘤学年鉴》在线发表EMBER-3研究中位随访28.5个月结果。
该国际多中心非盲随机对照三期临床研究于2021年10月至2023年11月从全球22个国家或地区195个研究中心入组雌激素受体阳性HER2阴性晚期乳腺癌芳香化酶抑制剂±CDK4/6抑制剂治疗期间或之后复发或进展患者874例,按按1比1比1随机分为三组:伊鲁司群组331例、标准治疗组330例、伊鲁司群+阿贝西利组213例。主要终点为无进展生存,关键次要终点为总生存,探索性终点包括化疗开始时间、无化疗生存和第二次无进展生存。
截至2025年8月18日,中位随访28.5个月,10.1%的患者尚未完成治疗。
对于ESR1突变患者,伊鲁司群组与标准治疗组相比:
中位总生存:34.5个月比23.1个月
总死亡风险:降低40%(风险比:0.60,95%置信区间:0.43~0.86,P=0.0043,未低于预设0.0000055)
中位无进展生存:9.1个月比3.7个月
进展或死亡风险:降低47%(风险比:0.53,95%置信区间:0.40~0.69,名义P<0.0001)
对于全部患者,不论ESR1突变与否,伊鲁司群+阿贝西利组与伊鲁司群组相比:
中位总生存:未达中位比34.4个月
总死亡风险:降低18%(风险比:0.82,95%置信区间:0.59~1.16,P=0.2622,未低于预设0.0000016)
中位无进展生存:10.9个月比5.5个月
进展或死亡风险:降低41%(风险比:0.59,95%置信区间:0.47~0.74,名义P<0.0001)
全部预设探索性终点都支持伊鲁司群治疗方案,伊鲁司群治疗方案可延缓化疗,ESR1突变单药治疗延缓5.5个月,全部患者联合治疗延缓12.2个月。安全性与既往报告一致。
因此,该研究结果表明,对于雌激素受体阳性HER2阴性晚期乳腺癌内分泌治疗耐药患者,伊鲁司群治疗方案虽然统计学意义尚不显著,但是临床意义显著,尤其对于ESR1突变患者,伊鲁司群组与标准治疗组相比,中位总生存延长11.4个月,总死亡风险降低40%,有可能成为此类患者全口服无化疗新选择。
相关链接
新英格兰+圣安东尼奥:双头条!
那条令人唏嘘的乳腺癌总生存曲线
Ann Oncol. 2025 Dec 12. IF: 65.4
Imlunestrant with or without Abemaciclib in Advanced Breast Cancer: Updated Efficacy Results from the phase 3 EMBER-3 trial.
Jhaveri KL, Neven P, Casalnuovo ML, Kim SB, Tokunaga E, Aftimos P, Saura C, O'Shaughnessy J, Harbeck N, Carey LA, Curigliano G, Watanabe J, Lim E, Huang J, Qingyuan Z, Llombart-Cussac A, Huang C, Desai B, Limay Y, Wang XA, Cao S, Bidard FC.
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, US Oncology, Dallas, TX, USA; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA; University Hospitals Leuven, Louvain, Belgium; Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium; Hospital Maria Curie, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Arnau Villanova, Universidad CEU Cardenal-Herrera, Valencia, Spain; LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany; University of Milano, Milano, Italy; European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy; Garvan Institute of Med Research, Darlinghurst, Australia; Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China; National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, China; Institut Curie and Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Paris, France.
HIGHLIGHTS
EMBER-3 trial evaluated imlunestrant vs SOC and vs imlunestrant-abemaciclib in pre-treated patients with ER+, HER2- ABC.
Imlunestrant showed numerically longer mOS (by ~11 months) vs SOC in ESR1m ABC (HR 0.60; boundary for significance not met).
PFS benefit of imlunestrant vs SOC in patients with an ESR1 mutation was sustained from the primary readout.
Addition of abemaciclib to imlunestrant showed PFS extension to 10.9 months in all patients; OS remains immature.
Imlunestrant regimens delayed time to chemotherapy (monotherapy in ESR1m: by 5.5 months, combination in all; by 12.2 months).
BACKGROUND: At the primary progression-free (PFS) analysis, the phase 3 EMBER-3 trial in endocrine pretreated patients with ER+, HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC) demonstrated significant PFS benefit with imlunestrant vs. standard of care (SOC: fulvestrant or exemestane) in patients with ESR1 mutations (ESR1m) and with imlunestrant-abemaciclib vs. imlunestrant in all patients, regardless of ESR1m. Herein, we report updated efficacy from a prespecified interim overall survival (OS) analysis.
METHODS: Patients with ER+, HER2- ABC previously treated with aromatase inhibitors ± CDK4/6 inhibitors were randomized (1:1:1) to imlunestrant, SOC, and imlunestrant-abemaciclib. Primary endpoints were PFS in imlunestrant vs. SOC in patients with ESR1m and all patients, and vs. imlunestrant-abemaciclib in all concurrently randomized patients. OS was a key secondary endpoint (tested if the corresponding PFS was statistically significant). Due to only 2 of 3 PFS endpoints being met, a limited significance level was passed to the OS comparisons. Exploratory endpoints included time to chemotherapy (TTC), Chemotherapy-Free Survival (CFS), and PFS2.
RESULTS: A total of 874 patients were randomized (imlunestrant, n=331; SOC, n=330; imlunestrant-abemaciclib, n=213). Median follow-up was 28.5 months, 10.1% of patients remained on treatment (data cut-off: 18 Aug 2025). In patients with ESR1m, median OS (mOS) was 34.5 months for imlunestrant vs. 23.1 months for SOC (HR=0.60; 95% CI 0.43-0.86; p=0.0043, boundary for significance not reached). In all patients regardless of ESR1m, mOS was not reached with imlunestrant-abemaciclib vs. 34.4 months with imlunestrant (HR=0.82, 95% CI 0.59-1.16; p=0.2622). Updated PFS demonstrated sustained benefit. Notably, in all patients regardless of ESR1m, the mPFS of imlunestrant-abemaciclib vs. imlunestrant was 10.9 vs 5.5 months (HR=0.59; 95% CI 0.47-0.74; nominal p<0.0001). All pre-specified exploratory endpoints favored imlunestrant-based regimens. Safety remains consistent with prior reports.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings reinforce the clinical benefit of imlunestrant-based regimens as a potential all-oral, chemotherapy-free treatment option for endocrine-pretreated patients with ER+, HER2-ABC.
KEY WORDS: SERD, ER+, ESR1 mutation, EMBER-3, updated OS
DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2025.11.018
(来源:SIBCS)
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