作者: Lugli, Gabriele Andrea ; Turroni, Francesca ; Tarracchini, Chiara ; Ventura, Marco ; Mancabelli, Leonardo ; Milani, Christian ; van Sinderen, Douwe

ABSTRACTThe human gut microbiota possesses the capacity to synthesize vitamins, especially B group vitamins, which are recognized as indispensable for various biological processes both among members of these bacterial communities and host cells. Accordingly, vitamin production by intestinal commensals has attracted significant interest. Nevertheless, our current understanding of bacterial vitamin synthesis is primarily based on individual genomic and monoculture investigations, therefore not providing an overall view of the biosynthetic potential of complex microbial communities. In the current study, we utilized over 100 bacterial genes known to be involved in the biosynthesis of B group and K vitamins to assess the corresponding vitamin biosynthetic potential of approximately 8,000 human gut microbiomes. Our analyses reveal that host-associated factors, such as age and geographical origin, appear to influence the diversity and abundance of vitamin biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, we identify gut microbiota members that substantially contribute to these biosynthetic functions at each stage of human life. Interestingly, inference of microbial co-associations and network relationships uncovered the apparent key role played by folate and cobalamin in equilibrium establishment of the infant and adult gut microbial communities, respectively.IMPORTANCEOverall, this study expands our understanding of microbe-mediated vitamin biosynthesis in the human gut and may provide potential novel targets to improve availability of these essential micronutrients in the host.

2024-09-10·Scientific reports

Nutritional value, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant potential of Iranian fenugreeks for food applications.

Article

作者: Hassandokht, Mohammadreza ; Bakhtiar, Ziba ; Naghavi, Mohammad Reza ; Mirjalili, Mohammad Hossein

Fenugreeks (Trigonella L. spp.), are well-known herbs belonging to the family Fabaceae, whose fresh and dried leaves have nutritional and medicinal value. In the present study, the content of phytochemical traits (essential oil, diosgenin, trigonelline, total phenol, total flavonoid, total saponins, and total tannins), bitterness value, pigments (chlorophyll, carotenoid, β-carotene, and anthocyanin), vitamins (group B vitamins and ascorbic acid), minerals, and antioxidant activity of thirty cultivated populations belonging to ten Trigonella species were evaluated. The species and populations were significantly different in all studied parameters. A significant positive and negative correlation (p < 0.05) was also observed between the studied parameters. In total, T. teheranica, T. elliptica, and T. foenum-graecum were distinguished as superior species. The results showed that fenugreeks leaves can be considered as a valuable source of food and phytochemical compounds. The obtained data can be help to expand the inventory of wild and cultivated Trigonella species for further exploitation of rich chemotypes in the new foods and specific applications.

2024-06-01·International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research

A systematic review

Review

作者: Faal Siahkal, Shahla ; Ghazinezhad, Neda ; Razavinia, Fatemeh ; Ebrahimiyan, Atefeh ; Abedi, Parvin

Abstract: Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder that begins before age 12. Given the role of B group vitamins in cell metabolism, synthesis of nucleotides, and neurotransmitters, the present study systematically investigated the plasma levels of vitamins B9 and B12 in children with ADHD. Methods: We searched electronic databases including Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Iran MEDEX, Cochran database, and SID from conception to June 2023. Full-text case-control or cross-sectional studies were included in this study. Participants in the case group were children with ADHD aged 6–12 years. Review Manager Software (RevMan 5.4) was used for statistical analyses. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% CIs were used to determine the differences between the two groups. Results: Six studies were included in the present meta-analysis. They included 982 children, of whom, 204 were girls and 744 were boys. The mean age of the children was 8.86±2.03 years. The level of vitamin B9 was significantly different between children with and without ADHD [SMD –0.80, 95% CI (–1.55, –0.04)]. Vitamin B12 was significantly lower in children with ADHD [SMD –0.29, 95% CI (–0.42, –0.16)]. However, due to high heterogeneity (I2 = 93%), sensitivity analysis was used, I2 fell to 21%, and significant difference was observed between the two groups [SMD –0.19, 95% CI (–0.34, −0.04)]. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review showed that the level of vitamins B9 and B12 in children with ADHD was significantly lower than that in healthy children.

项与 B群脑膜炎疫苗(羽冠生物) 相关的新闻（医药）

2024-07-17

·生物制品圈

韩国引进GSK的B群脑膜炎疫苗；专家呼吁增加对疫苗IV临床经费支持，以应对安全性所致疫苗犹豫

GSK的B群脑膜炎疫苗在韩国率先上市 Kang Hyun-mi教授介绍B群脑膜炎危害和疫苗重要性尽管自2010年以来韩国脑膜炎球菌B的发病率不断上升，但迄今为止还没有预防性疫苗，导致重大的医疗需求未得到满足。周二在首尔举行的疫苗发布会上，首尔圣玛丽医院儿科传染病科的姜贤美教授强调了由血清型B引起的侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病（IMD）的患病率以及Bexsero疫苗的好处。 Bexsero是全球首个B群脑膜炎疫苗，FDA获批适应年龄为12-25岁青少年。自2013年在欧洲首次获得批准以来，Bexsero已在52个国家获得批准，并已证明其在预防B型脑膜炎球菌感染方面的有效性超过10年。它被推荐在35个国家接种疫苗，并已被纳入14个国家的国家免疫计划，包括英国、美国、捷克和法国。信息来源：koreabiomed.com 巴西疫苗接种率反向操作，对比全球显著增长图源于新闻 2023 年，巴西退出了未接种疫苗儿童最多的TOP20国家之列，而在2021年时它在未接种疫苗儿童最多的国家中排名第7位。在世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）于周一发布的一份关于全球疫苗接种水平的新报告中，该国加强了在寻求提高国家免疫计划（PNI）疫苗接种覆盖率方面的进展，该计划自2016年以来一直在下降。2019 年至 2022 年期间，这种下降加剧，当时任总统雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗及其盟友散布有关疫苗的错误信息，增加了对疫苗的不信任。巴西疫苗接种覆盖率的提高与全球情况形成鲜明对比，全球免疫接种率停滞不前。根据世卫组织-联合国儿童基金会的文件，巴西未接种任何剂量的百白破疫苗（可预防白喉、破伤风和百日咳）的儿童人数从 2022 年的 418,000 人下降到 2023 年的 103,000 人。与此同时，全球未接种任何剂量该疫苗的儿童人数从2022年的1390万增加到2023年的1450万。信息来源：lodivalleynews.com 美专家呼吁增加疫苗IV期临床研究资金 Kang Hyun-mi教授介绍B群脑膜炎危害和疫苗重要性近日NEJM发表了关于呼吁资助IV期临床后安全性观察的评论：在最近的大流行期间观察到的普遍疫苗犹豫表明，公众不再满足于传统的安全目标，即在疫苗获得授权后简单地检测和量化相关风险。作者指出，由于上市前临床试验的样本量、随访时间和群体异质性有限，因此需要进行授权后研究来全面观察新疫苗的安全性。授权后的疫苗安全性研究需要与引进新疫苗直接相关的充足和及时的资金。然而，美国疾病预防控制中心的疫苗安全监测预算仍然停滞不前，每年约为2000万美元。尽管这些资源得到了有效利用，但这种资金不足的水平对科学的速度和完整性产生了不利影响。信息来源：precisionvaccinations.com 识别微信二维码，添加生物制品圈小编，符合条件者即可加入生物制品微信群！请注明：姓名+研究方向！版权声明本公众号所有转载文章系出于传递更多信息之目的，且明确注明来源和作者，不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系(cbplib@163.com)，我们将立即进行删除处理。所有文章仅代表作者观点，不代表本站立场。

疫苗临床研究

100 项与 B群脑膜炎疫苗(羽冠生物) 相关的药物交易

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