XJP-1 protects endothelial cells from oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced apoptosis by inhibiting NADPH oxidase subunit expression and modulating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway

3区 · 医学

Article

作者: Qinglong Guo ; Xiaoming Wu ; Rong Fu ; Qiujuan Wang ; Jinyi Xu

Endothelial apoptosis triggered by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) can accelerate the progression of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. (±)7,8-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-isochromanone-4 (XJP-1) is a natural phenolic compound derived from banana peel. In the present study, we investigated the anti-apoptotic effect of XJP-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to ox-LDL and explored underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that in the presence of ox-LDL, XJP-1 significantly attenuated ox-LDL-mediated cytotoxicity, apoptosis, caspase-3 activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and NADPH oxidase subunit (p22phox and p47phox) expression in HUVECs. In addition, the anticytotoxic and anti-apoptotic effect of XJP-1 was partially inhibited by a PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), an Akt inhibitor (SH-6), a specific eNOS inhibitor (l-NAME) and a NADPH oxidase inhibitor (DPI). In exploring the underlying mechanisms of XJP-1 action, we found that XJP-1 eliminated ox-LDL-induced dephosphorylation of Akt and eNOS in a dose-dependent manner. However, XJP-1 alone upregulation of Akt and eNOS phosphorylation were blocked by LY294002 and SH-6. Moreover, XJP-1 increased NO production, but this effect was abolished by LY294002, SH-6 and l-NAME. The inhibition of ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction by XJP-1 is due at least in part to its anti-oxidant activity and its ability to modulate the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.

2012-09-01·Vascular Pharmacology3区 · 医学

Suppression of endothelial cell adhesion by XJP-1, a new phenolic compound derived from banana peel

3区 · 医学

Article

作者: Tianhua Yan ; Hequan Yao ; Qiujuan Wang ; Rong Fu ; Xiaoming Wu ; Yang Li ; Qinglong Guo

The adhesion of monocytes to activated vascular endothelial cells is a critical event in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Adhesion is mediated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) which up-regulates inflammatory markers on endothelial cells. Here we report that (±) 7, 8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-isochromanone-4 (XJP-1), an inhibitor of ox-LDL-induced adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells blocks cellular functions which are associated with adhesion. We show that XJP-1 down-regulates ox-LDL-induced over-expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) in a dose-dependent manner in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), attenuates ox-LDL-induced up-regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LOX)-1, decreases generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), blocks translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity, and prevents activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 pathways in endothelial cells. These findings suggest that XJP-1 may attenuate ox-LDL-induced endothelial adhesion of monocytes by blocking expression of adhesion molecules through suppressing ROS/NF-κB, JNK and p38 pathways.

2011-11-01·Atherosclerosis2区 · 医学

XJP-1, a novel ACEI, with anti-inflammatory properties in HUVECs

2区 · 医学

Article

作者: Jinyi Xu ; Zhen Chen ; Qiujuan Wang ; Rong Fu ; Xiaoming Wu ; Qinglong Guo

AIMWe investigated whether 8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-isochromanone (XJP-1), a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), exhibited inhibitory activity to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-accelerated vascular inflammation.METHODSHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated from human umbilical cords and cultured. The direct effect of XJP-1 on the activation of endothelial cells was measured using MTT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) in the culture medium was measured using Griess method. The expression of cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) was determined by flow cytometry and RT-PCR. The protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) secretion were measured using ELISA. Quantitative analysis of eNOS, iNOS, inhibitory factor NF-κB (IκB) and MAPKs were determined using Western blot analysis. The translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus was determined using immunofluorescence.RESULTSXJP-1 significantly inhibited LPS-mediated endothelial cell dysfunction, as measured by NO production, iNOS expression, adhesion molecule (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) expression, and chemokine (TNF-α, MCP-1) production in vitro. It up-regulated eNOS expression in the same experimental setting. XJP-1 alone was found non-cytotoxic at the concentration up to 1000μM. The mechanistic investigations of XJP-1 suppression LPS-induced inflammation in HUVECs revealed that XJP-1 blocked NF-κB nuclear entry in an IκB-dependent manner, as well as inhibited MAPK activation induced by LPS. XJP-1 reduced endothelin-1 secretion and increased nitric oxide metabolite production by HUVECs. However, the effect of XJP-1 on nitric oxide and endothelin-1 metabolite production is mediated by the activation of bradykinin B(2) receptor being counteracted, at least in part, by a specific antagonist.CONCLUSIONXJP-1 inhibited LPS-induced cytotoxicity and inflammatory response. The mechanism underlying this protective effect might be related to the inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway activation, suggesting the potential inhibition of the atherosclerotic process by suppressing the expression of chemoattractant molecules and monocyte adhesion. XJP-1 also has an effect in improving endothelin-1 through activating bradykinin B(2) receptor. These findings indicated that XJP-1 is potentially a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of atherosclerosis.

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