In pulmonary hypertension, a metabolic shift to aerobic glycolysis drives a hyperproliferative, apoptosis-resistant phenotype in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. We demonstrate that this enhanced glycolysis induces extracellular acidosis and activates the proton-gated ion channel, acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a). Although multiple H+ transport/secretion mechanisms are upregulated in PHTN and likely contribute to extracellular acidosis, inhibiting glycolysis with 2-deoxy-d-glucose or syrosingopine effectively prevents extracellular acidification and ASIC1a activation, revealing a promising therapeutic avenue.

2013-08-15·Cell Cycle3区 · 生物学

Oncogenes and inflammation rewire host energy metabolism in the tumor microenvironment

3区 · 生物学

Article

作者: Michael P Lisanti ; Richard G Pestell ; Zhao Lin ; Joseph M Curry ; Anthony Howell ; Ubaldo E Martinez-Outschoorn ; Ruth C Birbe ; Alessandro Bombonati ; Edmund Pribitkin ; Madalina Tuluc ; Ying-Hui Ko ; David Cognetti ; Federica Sotgia

Here, we developed a model system to evaluate the metabolic effects of oncogene(s) on the host microenvironment. A matched set of "normal" and oncogenically transformed epithelial cell lines were co-cultured with human fibroblasts, to determine the "bystander" effects of oncogenes on stromal cells. ROS production and glucose uptake were measured by FACS analysis. In addition, expression of a panel of metabolic protein biomarkers (Caveolin-1, MCT1, and MCT4) was analyzed in parallel. Interestingly, oncogene activation in cancer cells was sufficient to induce the metabolic reprogramming of cancer-associated fibroblasts toward glycolysis, via oxidative stress. Evidence for "metabolic symbiosis" between oxidative cancer cells and glycolytic fibroblasts was provided by MCT1/4 immunostaining. As such, oncogenes drive the establishment of a stromal-epithelial "lactate-shuttle", to fuel the anabolic growth of cancer cells. Similar results were obtained with two divergent oncogenes (RAS and NFκB), indicating that ROS production and inflammation metabolically converge on the tumor stroma, driving glycolysis and upregulation of MCT4. These findings make stromal MCT4 an attractive target for new drug discovery, as MCT4 is a shared endpoint for the metabolic effects of many oncogenic stimuli. Thus, diverse oncogenes stimulate a common metabolic response in the tumor stroma. Conversely, we also show that fibroblasts protect cancer cells against oncogenic stress and senescence by reducing ROS production in tumor cells. Ras-transformed cells were also able to metabolically reprogram normal adjacent epithelia, indicating that cancer cells can use either fibroblasts or epithelial cells as "partners" for metabolic symbiosis. The antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) selectively halted mitochondrial biogenesis in Ras-transformed cells, but not in normal epithelia. NAC also blocked stromal induction of MCT4, indicating that NAC effectively functions as an "MCT4 inhibitor". Taken together, our data provide new strategies for achieving more effective anticancer therapy. We conclude that oncogenes enable cancer cells to behave as selfish "metabolic parasites", like foreign organisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses). Thus, we should consider treating cancer like an infectious disease, with new classes of metabolically targeted "antibiotics" to selectively starve cancer cells. Our results provide new support for the "seed and soil" hypothesis, which was first proposed in 1889 by the English surgeon, Stephen Paget.

2010-08-01·IDrugs : the investigational drugs journal

32nd National Medicinal Chemistry Symposium--medicinal chemistry developments for cancer, and cardiovascular, metabolic and psychiatric disorders.

作者: Gater, Deborah

The 32nd National Medicinal Chemistry Symposium, held in Minneapolis, MN, USA, included topics covering new developments in the field of medicinal chemistry. This conference report highlights selected presentations on Hsp90 inhibitors and Hsp70 inducers, such as KU-32 and KU-174 (University of Kansas); natural products in drug design, such as minnelide (University of Minnesota) and tylocrebrine; novel compounds from Merck for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, such as MK-7725, a series of DDP4 inhibitors and KV1.5 ion channel antagonists; and the discovery of the VEGFR2 kinase inhibitor AMG-429 (Amgen Inc).

100 项与 MCT4 inhibitors(Merck Healthcare KGaA) 相关的药物交易

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