OBJECTIVELassa fever (LF) is caused by a viral pathogen with pandemic potential. LF vaccines have the potential to prevent significant disease in individuals at risk of infection, but no such vaccine has been licensed or authorised for use thus far. We conducted a scoping review to identify and compare registered phase 1, 2 or 3 clinical trials of LF vaccine candidates, and appraise the current trajectory of LF vaccine development.METHODWe systematically searched 24 trial registries, PubMed, relevant conference abstracts and additional grey literature sources up to 27 October 2022. After extracting key details about each vaccine candidate and each eligible trial, we qualitatively synthesised the evidence.RESULTSWe found that four LF vaccine candidates (INO-4500, MV-LASV, rVSV∆G-LASV-GPC, and EBS-LASV) have entered the clinical stage of assessment. Five phase 1 trials (all focused on healthy adults) and one phase 2 trial (involving a broader age group from 18 months to 70 years) evaluating one of these vaccines have been registered to date. Here, we describe the characteristics of each vaccine candidate and trial and compare them to WHO's target product profile for Lassa vaccines.CONCLUSIONThough LF vaccine development is still in early stages, current progress towards a safe and effective vaccine is encouraging.

2023-04-01·PLoS neglected tropical diseases

Transplacental transfer of Lassa IgG antibodies in pregnant women in Southern Nigeria: A prospective hospital-based cohort study.

Article

作者: Olorogbogo, Olugbenga Emmanuel ; Kayem, Nzelle Delphine ; Aikpokpo, Isoken ; Okoeguale, Joseph ; Eifediyi, Reuben ; Olokor, Thomas ; Odigie, George ; Ighodalo, Yemisi ; Gunther, Stephan ; Enodiana, Xavier ; Dahal, Prabin ; Duraffour, Sophie ; Eigbefoh, Joseph ; Castle, Lyndsey ; Ikheloa, Joseph ; Horby, Peter ; Ariana, Proochista ; Okogbenin, Sylvanus ; Oestereich, Lisa

BACKGROUNDEvidence from previous studies suggest that Lassa fever, a viral haemorrhagic fever endemic to West Africa has high case fatalities, particularly in pregnancy. While there have been remarkable innovations in vaccine development, with some Lassa vaccines undergoing early clinical trials. An understanding of Lassa antibody kinetics and immune responses will support vaccine design and development. However, there is currently no evidence on the antibody kinetics of Lassa (LASV) in pregnancy. Our study sought to estimate the efficiency of transplacental transfer of LASV IgG antibodies from the mother to the child.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGSThe study made use of data from a prospective hospital-based cohort of pregnant women enrolled at the antenatal clinic and followed up at delivery between February and December 2019. Blood samples from mother-child pairs were evaluated for antibodies against Lassa virus. The study demonstrates a transplacental transfer of LASV IgG of 75.3% [60.0-94.0%], with a significant positive correlation between maternal and cord concentrations and a good level of agreement. The study also suggests that transfer may be more variable in women with 'de novo' antibodies compared to those with pre-existing antibodies.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCEThe study shows that maternal antibody levels play an important role in determining transfer efficiency of Lassa antibodies to the new-born; and while the evidence is preliminary, the study also suggests that transfer efficiency may be less stable in acute or recent infection, as such timing of vaccination before pregnancy, that is in women of childbearing age may be more appropriate for protection of both pregnant women and their neonates.

100 项与 Lassa vaccine (Janssen Vaccines/University of Oxford) 相关的药物交易

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