作者: Busanello, Alcindo ; de Vargas Barbosa, Nilda Berenice ; Leal, Caroline Queiroz ; Fachinetto, Roselei ; Röpke, Jivago ; Peroza, Luis Ricardo ; de Freitas, Catiuscia Molz ; de Moraes Reis, Elizete ; Libardoni, Milena

Typical antipsychotics, which are commonly used to treat schizophrenia, cause motor disorders such as tardive dyskinesia (TD) in humans and orofacial dyskinesia (OD) in rodents. The disease mechanisms as well as treatment effectiveness are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of resveratrol, a polyphenol with neuroprotective properties, on behavioral changes induced by chronic treatment with fluphenazine in rats and the possible relationship between monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and vacuous chewing movements (VCMs). Rats were treated for 18 weeks with fluphenazine enantate [25 mg/kg, intramuscularly (i.m.), every 21 days] and/or resveratrol (20 mg/kg, offered daily in drinking water). Next, body weight gain, behavioral parameters (VCMs and open field tests-locomotor and rearing activity), and MAO activity were evaluated. Fluphenazine treatment reduced body weight gain, number of crossings and rearings, and the co-treatment with resveratrol did not affect these alterations. Fluphenazine increased the prevalence and intensity of VCMs and the co-treatment with resveratrol reduced the VCMs. Furthermore, a negative correlation was found between the number of VCMs and MAO-B activity in the striatum of rats. Our data suggest that resveratrol could be promissory to decrease OD. Moreover, MAO-B activity in the striatum seems to be related to VCMs intensity.

2015-08-01·Schizophrenia Research2区 · 医学

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of depot antipsychotic frequency on compliance and outcome

2区 · 医学

Review

作者: Dan Siskind ; Emily Sawyer ; Steve Kisely ; Gail Robinson

BACKGROUNDDepot antipsychotics are commonly used to improve adherence and clinical outcomes such as relapse and readmission. Dosing regimens vary but are commonly two- and four-weekly. To date, the effect of administration at two-weekly or four-weekly intervals on outcome has not been examined in a meta-analysis.AIMSA systematic review and meta-analysis on whether the frequency of depot antipsychotic administration (e.g., two- vs four-weekly) makes any difference to compliance and outcome.METHODSA systematic search of Medline, EMBASE and PsycInfo for RCTs that compared the frequency of depot administration (e.g., two- vs four-weekly) for an equivalent dose. Outcomes were compliance, psychiatric symptomatology, quality of life, adverse drug reactions (ADRs), patient preference, admission rates, bed-days and costs.RESULTSSeven studies from eight papers (n=3994) were found covering olanzapine, paliperidone, risperidone, haloperidol and fluphenazine enanthate/decanoate with follow-up of up to one year. Meta-analyses were possible for psychotic symptoms and ADRs. There were no differences in psychotic symptoms or quality of life between two- and four-weekly doses. Health service use was not reported. For ADRs, the only significant difference detected was that two-weekly injections were less likely to lead to site pain (RR 0.16, 95% CI 0.07-0.38; 2 studies n=1667). There were no differences in other ADRs.CONCLUSIONSThere were surprisingly little data on the effect of dosing frequency for an equivalent dose on clinical outcomes. There is a need for long-term studies of a wide range of outcomes including cost-effectiveness. Claims for advantages of new preparations over others require careful evaluation.

2015-05-01·Evidence Based Mental Health2区 · 医学

Effectiveness of long-acting injectable antipsychotics: a clinical perspective: Table 1

2区 · 医学

Article

作者: Stroup, T Scott ; Castillo, Enrico G

The personal and societal costs of schizophrenia spectrum disorders are immense. Affected individuals may experience positive, negative and mood symptoms; medical and substance use comorbidities; and cognitive impairment that significantly impair social and occupational functioning. Globally, schizophrenia is a leading cause of years lost to disability, with a particularly large burden among adolescents and young adults.1 Treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders aims at improved functioning and recovery across the lifespan, but symptom reduction and relapse prevention are important interim goals. Although antipsychotic medications reduce psychotic symptoms and greatly decrease the risk of relapse, their effectiveness in real-world practice is decreased by non-adherence.2 A meta-analysis of studies that used trained personnel to measure antipsychotic medication adherence found that not ‘regularly taking medications as prescribed’ is prevalent in an average of 41% of participants across 10 studies.3 Despite this high prevalence, providers are often unaware of this issue and generally overestimate medication adherence in their patients.4 Long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations of antipsychotic medications were developed to improve adherence. The first LAIs, fluphenazine enanthate and decanoate, were introduced in 1966 in the context of large-scale deinstitutionalisation of patients with serious mental illnesses and the consequent need for effective community-based treatment. Numerous LAI antipsychotics have been developed and marketed in the meantime. Table 1 lists the LAI antipsychotic medications currently available in the USA and the UK.5 ,6 View this table: Table 1 Long-acting antipsychotic injectable medications available in the USA and the UK5 ,6 LAIs reduce the frequency at which a patient has to decide whether to take medication. Rather than deciding to take a medication once or twice daily, the patient must only decide to have an injection administered once or twice monthly. Pharmacokinetically, LAIs provide a more stable steady-state concentration of medication in the blood compared with daily oral …

100 项与 Fluphenazine Enanthate 相关的药物交易

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