1区 · 医学
Article
作者: Bennett, David Jonathan ; Nogle, Lisa ; Otte, Karin M. ; Xiao, Dong ; McMinn, Spencer E. ; Fell, Matthew J. ; Palte, Rachel L. ; Yan, Xin ; Ardolino, Michael ; Kennedy, Matthew E. ; Gulati, Anmol ; Leyns, Cheryl E.G. ; Woodhouse, Janice D. ; Fuller, Peter H. ; Kattar, Solomon D. ; DiMauro, Erin F. ; Moy, Lily Y. ; Piesvaux, Jennifer ; Johnson, Rebecca ; Hegde, Laxminarayan G. ; Xiong, Tina ; Keylor, Mitchell H. ; Pearson, Kara ; Patel, Mayankbhai ; Lee, Susi ; Ciaccio, Paul J. ; Su, Jing ; Faltus, Robert ; Margrey, Kaila A.
Genetic mutation of the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) protein has been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), a disabling and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is devoid of efficacious disease-modifying therapies. Herein, we describe the invention of an amidoisoquinoline (IQ)-derived LRRK2 inhibitor lead chemical series. Knowledge-, structure-, and property-based drug design in concert with rigorous application of in silico calculations and presynthesis predictions enabled the prioritization of molecules with favorable CNS "drug-like" physicochemical properties. This resulted in the discovery of compound 8, which was profiled extensively before human ether-a-go-go (hERG) ion channel inhibition halted its progression. Strategic reduction of lipophilicity and basicity resulted in attenuation of hERG ion channel inhibition while maintaining a favorable CNS efflux transporter profile. Further structure- and property-based optimizations resulted in the discovery of preclinical candidate MK-1468. This exquisitely selective LRRK2 inhibitor has a projected human dose of 48 mg BID and a preclinical safety profile that supported advancement toward GLP toxicology studies.