ABSTRACT Phage therapy against bacterial pathogens has been resurrected as an alternative and supplementary anti-infective modality. Here, we observed that bacterial group motilities were impaired in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA14 lysogens for some temperate siphophages; the PA14 lysogens for DMS3 and MP22 were impaired in swarming motility, whereas the PA14 lysogen for D3112 was impaired in twitching motility. The swarming and twitching motilities of PA14 were also affected in the presence of MP22 and D3112, respectively. The in vitro killing activities of D3112 and MP22 toward PA14 did not differ, and neither did their in vivo persistence in the absence of bacterial infections in mice as well as in flies. Nevertheless, administration of D3112, not MP22, significantly reduced the mortality and the bacterial burdens in murine peritonitis-sepsis and Drosophila systemic infection caused by PA14. Taken together, we suggest that a temperate phage-mediated twitching motility inhibition might be comparably effective to control the acute infections caused by P. aeruginosa .

1997-01-01·Pharmacology4区 · 医学

Modification of Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Adrenocortical Activity by Serotonergic Agents in the Rat

4区 · 医学

Article

作者: Guthrie, Deanne ; Bauer, Christopher ; Gage, Deanna ; Knowles, Andrew ; Weinzapfel, Dan ; Blackbourne, Jamie ; Michel, Carla ; Matheson, G. Keith

The effects of tandospirone, enciprazine, gepirone, buspirone (5-HT1A agents) and carvotroline (5-HT2) on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical activity (HPA) activity were studied. These drugs increased the plasma corticosterone levels in a dose-dependent manner. Their ED50 values were 3.8, 31.8, 3.1, 3.4 and 7.0 mg/kg, respectively. Drug effects peaked between 30 min and 1 h, and plasma corticosterone levels returned to control levels after 2 h. When the drugs were given in conjunction with a rotatory stress, gepirone and enciprazine increased and carvotroline decreased plasma corticosterone levels. Dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg) pretreatment reduced drug-activated HPA axis activity.

1991-01-01·Xenobiotica4区 · 医学

Metabolic disposition of enciprazine, a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic drug, in rat, dog and man

4区 · 医学

Article

作者: S. R. Lockhead ; J. A. Scatina ; S. F. Sisenwine ; M. N. Cayen

1. The excretion and metabolism of enciprazine, an anxiolytic drug, was examined in rat, dog and man. 2. In rats and dogs that received 14C-enciprazine dihydrochloride orally and by i.v. injection, the drug was well absorbed. Radioactivity was excreted predominantly in the faeces of rats, equally in urine and faeces of dogs, and to a major extent in human urine. 3. Metabolic profiles, which were evaluated in urine and in rat bile, were similar following oral and i.v. dosing to rats and dogs. 4. Unchanged drug was not detected in rat, dog or human excreta. Glucuronide conjugates of 4-hydroxyenciprazine, m-desmethylenciprazine, p-desmethylenciprazine and enciprazine were detected in the excreta of all three species. A glycol metabolite was present only in rat bile and human urine. A metabolite desmethylated in the phenyl ring of the phenylpiperazine moiety also appeared to be present only in human urine. 5. Structural confirmation of the major metabolites in human urine and rat bile was accomplished by h.p.l.c.-mass spectrometry.

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