BACKGROUNDGonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) downregulates gonadotropin secretion in the pituitary gland. It is used both in ovulation induction protocols and in artificial endometrium preparation. Frozen-thawed embryo transfer to artificially prepared endometrium (FET-APE) is a frequent procedure in vitro fertilization (IVF) which requires GnRHa. It can be used either as a daily low-dose injection or as a single depot injection. It is unclear which of these two regimens is superior for artificial endometrium preparation.METHODSWe evaluated the data of 72 patients who had undergone frozen embryo transfer following the 5th day Preimplantation Genetic Test-aneuploidy (PGT-A) between 2018-2021. All embryos were genetically screened, and euploid single embryos were transferred. Group 1 (n: 36) used depot GnRHa, and Group 2 (n: 36) used single daily injections for artificial endometrial preparation. The outcomes for Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (BHCG) positivity and live birth rates (LBR) was compared.RESULTSThe BHCG positivity for Group 1 and Group 2 was 75% and 80.6%, respectively. The LBR for Group 1 and Group 2 were found to be 58.3% and 63.9%, respectively. There was no statistically significant differences between the two groups.CONCLUSIONSIn artificial endometrium preparation, depot GnRHa offers cheaper and more convenient alternative to single daily dose injections, particularly in busy clinical settings.

2023-12-01·Reproductive BioMedicine Online

Nature (almost) always prevails – challenging the status quo of artificial cycle frozen embryo transfers

Article

作者: Santos-Ribeiro, Samuel ; Godinho, Catarina M ; Reis-Soares, Sérgio

Frozen embryo transfers (FET) have become increasingly popular in assisted reproductive technology (ART) due to advancements in cryopreservation techniques and the implementation of the 'freeze-all' strategy. The choice between artificial or natural cycles for FET preparation has been a subject of debate, considering factors such as endometrial receptivity, flexibility of scheduling and pregnancy outcomes. While artificial cycle protocols offer convenience and flexibility, studies have suggested potential drawbacks, including higher miscarriage rates and a greater risk of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. In contrast, natural cycle protocols involve a frequently demanding monitoring of both endometrial proliferation and follicular growth, which may lead to increased clinic visits and scheduling issues. Multiple strategies have been proposed to enhance the usage of natural cycle FET, including addressing anovulation through minimal stimulation, reducing cycle monitoring and exploring novel FET approaches. These novel approaches, such as widening the window for human chorionic gonadotrophin administration and the natural proliferative phase protocol, offer promising outcomes and increased convenience for patients. However, further research is needed to establish the optimal timing and effectiveness of these strategies. Overall, enhancing the practicality of natural cycle FETs is crucial for expanding their utilization during ART.

2023-10-01·Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)

Immunohistochemistry of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and Integrin αVβ3 in Mouse Endometrium Following Kisspeptin-54 Ovulation Trigger

Article

作者: Habte, Ruth ; Helmy, Yasser A ; Bedaiwy, Mohamed A ; Abdelkareem, Amr O ; Iews, Mahmoud S ; Ait-Allah, Abdou S ; Rasheed, Salah M ; Abdelhafez, Faten F

Kisspeptin (KP) is a group of hypothalamic neuropeptides encoded by KISS-1 gene. KP-54, a 54-amino-acid peptide, helps regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and plays a potential role in implantation. C57BL/6 J female mice were superovulated via intraperitoneal injection of 5 International Units (IU) pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (day 1). Forty-eight hours later, mice (5/group) were injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (group A), 5 IU human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) (group B), or 3 nmol KP-54 (group C). On day 7, mice were euthanized and uteri excised to create paraformaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded sections that were immunostained for the implantation markers: leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and integrin αVβ3 (ITG αVβ3). Slides were scored for intensity of staining in endometrial glandular epithelium (GE) and stromal cells (SCs) via histoscore (H-score). Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney U test for pairwise comparisons. LIF expression was significantly higher in GE and SCs of mice triggered with KP-54 compared to placebo (P = .009 for both), but only higher than hCG trigger group in SCs (P = .009). Meanwhile, ITG αVβ3 expression was significantly higher in SCs of mice triggered with KP-54 compared to placebo (P = .028). In conclusion, using KP-54 as an ovulation trigger resulted in higher expression of the implantation markers LIF and ITG αVβ3 in mice endometrium compared to hCG or placebo. This suggests a potential role for KP-54 trigger in improving embryo implantation in clinical IVF. However, further studies are needed to correlate these results with clinical implantation rates and pregnancy outcomes.

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
习惯性流产	日本	ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
习惯性流产	日本	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
先兆流产	日本	ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
先兆流产	日本	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
无排卵	日本	ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
隐睾	日本	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
隐睾	日本	ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
青春期延迟	日本	ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
青春期延迟	日本	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
性腺机能减退	日本	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
性腺机能减退	日本	ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
女性不孕症	日本	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
女性不孕症	日本	ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
男性不育症	日本	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
男性不育症	日本	ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
子宫不规则出血	日本	ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22
子宫不规则出血	日本	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	1960-04-22