Article
作者: Huang, Haitao ; Rajasuriar, Reena ; Ahmed, Sumeyya ; Chun, Geok Y. ; Wang, Xuewen ; Ng, Sharon S. M. ; Wan Ahmad Kamil, Wan M R ; Wu, Shipo ; Wang, Ruijie ; Chun, Geok Y ; Chin, Voon K ; Liu, Yusi ; Mohd Din, Mohamad R. ; Chin, Voon K. ; Bavanandan, Sunita ; Wan Mohamad, Wan H ; Yan, Meixu ; Nair, Damenthi ; Wang, Lina ; Chew, Chun K ; Lim, Teck O ; Mohd Norzi, Aisyah ; Lee, Yi L. ; Abdul Aziz, Azrini ; Chew, Chun K. ; Cheah, Kit Y. ; Ch’ng, Shereen S. ; Lee, Yi L ; Zhao, Xiaoyuan ; Pang, Lai H ; Zhang, Zhe ; Tan, Min H. ; Zainudin, Norliza ; Lim, Teck O. ; Ch'ng, Shereen S ; Teo, Jau S ; Pang, Lai H. ; Hou, Lihua ; Teo, Jau S. ; Yahya, Rosnawati ; Wan Ahmad Kamil, Wan M. R. ; Xu, Xiaoyu ; Tan, Min H ; Ng, Sharon S M ; Gou, Jinbo ; Mohd Din, Mohamad R ; Wan Mohamad, Wan H. ; Zhu, Tao ; Cheah, Kit Y
This phase 3, observer-blinded, non-inferiority randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05517642), conducted from September 2022 to May 2023 at three Malaysian sites, involved 540 adults previously vaccinated with three COVID-19 doses. Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive either one dose of inhaled Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine (Ad5-nCoV-IH) or intramuscular tozinameran (BNT-IM). The study assessed safety, vaccine efficacy (VE) and immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 variants. The primary outcome was the non-inferiority of anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (S-RBD IgG) antibodies, with a 97.5% confidence interval lower limit for the geometric mean concentration (GMC) ratio >0.67. Ad5-nCoV-IH showed lower immunogenicity than BNT-IM, with a GMC ratio of 0.22 and a seroconversion rate difference of -71.91%. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were less frequent with Ad5-nCoV-IH (39.26%) compared to BNT-IM (64.68%). No serious vaccine-related adverse events were reported. Both vaccines had comparable efficacy against COVID-19 variants. This study was funded by Tianjin Biomedical Science and Technology Major Project.