Understanding the mechanisms of human motor control and developing protocols to enhance the activity of residual sensorimotor pathways using neurophysiological techniques - Understanding the mechanisms of human motor control and developing the protocols for rehabilitation

开始日期2023-09-06

申办/合作机构

Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences

JPRN-UMIN000036852

/ RecruitingN/A

The effect of non-invasive electrical stimulation for brain and peripheral nerves on motor performance and neural function - Non-invasive electrical stimulation of the brain and peripheral nerves

开始日期2018-09-01

申办/合作机构

Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences

100 项与 Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences 相关的临床结果

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272

项与 Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences 相关的文献（医药）

2025-08-01·Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

Rotator cuff tendon strain distribution changes from the superior to the inferior tendon attachments with increasing shoulder abduction

Article

作者: Jacobs, Philip M ; Hoshikawa, Kyosuke ; Mura, Nariyuki ; Prado, Maria ; Yuri, Takuma ; Giambini, Hugo

Supraspinatus (SSP), infraspinatus (ISP), and subscapularis (SSC) muscles from the rotator cuff (RC) are comprised of anatomical subregions based on muscle fiber alignment and tendon attachments. Previous studies have shown mechanical interactions between the SSP and ISP tendons, with abduction angle influencing these interactions. However, changes in strain distribution originating from the RC muscle subregions, including the SSC, due to differences in abduction angle have not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the strain distribution in intact RC cadaveric shoulders with loading from the SSP, ISP, and SSC muscles and their subregions at different abduction angles. Surface strains in the bursal side of the SSP, ISP and SSC tendons of eight fresh frozen cadaveric intact shoulders were obtained by applying tension on these muscles and on their subregions at 25° and 45° glenohumeral abduction using an MTS system. When the SSP muscle or anterior region was loaded, no significant strain differences were observed within the footprint regions at 45° abduction. However, when the posterior region was loaded, strains concentrated on the middle facet as the abduction angle increased. Significantly higher strains were also observed in the inferior portion of the footprint with increasing abduction angle when the ISP or SSC muscles, or their subregions, were loaded. The differences in strain distribution patterns observed between the anterior and posterior regions of the SSP muscle highlight the importance of addressing each region and tendon separately when managing RC tears and repairs.

2025-05-01·The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

Profile of Independence in Activities of Daily Living Among Patients With Parkinson’s Disease: A Retrospective Observational Study

Article

作者: Yokoi, Kayoko ; Takeda, Atsushi ; Hirayama, Kazumi ; Eakman, Aaron M. ; Kawasaki, Iori

Importance: Persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD) become more dependent in activities of daily living (ADL) as the disease progresses. Occupational therapy practitioners aware of the stages of PD can design interventions to promote and maintain occupational performance.Objective: To evaluate the ADL independence and dependence profiles of patients with PD on the basis of disease stages.Design: Retrospective observational study.Setting: Hospital in Japan.Participants: Patients with PD (N = 209; 75 men and 134 women), with a mean age of 73.3 yr (SD = 7.7).Outcomes and Measures: The Hoehn and Yahr (H-Y) stage was used to determine patients’ disease severity. The Barthel Index (BI) was used to determine independence in performing ADLs.Results: In the H-Y Stage 2 group, the prevalence of independence in mobility and stairs was low, whereas that in other ADLs was high. In the H-Y Stage 3 group, more than half of the patients had limitations in bathing, mobility, and navigating stairs, although most patients remained independent in other ADLs. In the H-Y Stage 4 group, more than half of the patients required assistance with most ADLs, except feeding and bowel control. In the H-Y Stage 5 group, the prevalence of independence during feeding and grooming was relatively high.Conclusions and Relevance: Dependence in ADL domains differs by PD stage, with direct implications for occupational therapy intervention.Plain-Language Summary: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms and nonmotor symptoms. The disease progression can gradually affect activities of daily living (ADLs), which can lead to decreased independence and quality of life as well as increased caregiver distress. This study evaluated the ADL independence and dependence of patients with PD based on each patient’s disease stage. The study found that ADL dependence differs based on the PD stage (mild, moderate, severe), with direct implications for occupational therapy intervention. Occupational therapists can design interventions to improve and maintain the occupational performance of people with PD. Interventions that target ADLs should be based on the patient’s PD stage.

2025-04-19·Cureus

Exploring Factors Influencing Driving Simulator Performance in Patients With Acquired Brain Injury Using Hierarchical Clustering Analysis of Principal Components

Article

作者: Sato, Toshiaki ; Domen, Kazuhisa ; Takehara, Shuto ; Sakamoto, Rie ; Sotokawa, Tasuku ; Kanata, Yoshihiro ; Tauchi, Yuta

Background Driving simulator training is widely recognized as an effective tool for driving rehabilitation. However, the key factors influencing simulator performance and the extent of training-related improvements remain insufficiently explored. This study aimed to identify the demographic, motor, and cognitive factors associated with driving simulator performance and post-training improvements in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) using clustering analysis. Methods A total of 64 patients with ABI (59% cerebral hemorrhage, 34% cerebral infarction, 7% traumatic brain injury; mean age 64±13 years; 81% male) underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessments and driving simulator evaluations before and after training. Multiple factor analysis was applied to integrate pre- and post-training variables and reduce dimensionality. Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components was then performed to classify patients based on training effect patterns. The Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc multiple comparisons were used to assess differences in background factors among the clusters. Results Three distinct clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (n=32) exhibited consistently high performance in reaction and city-driving tasks, Cluster 2 (n=19) demonstrated prolonged reaction times but showed significant improvements in city-driving tasks after training, and Cluster 3 (n=13) demonstrated severe city-driving errors and limited post-training improvement. Neuropsychological assessments revealed significant differences among the clusters (p < 0.05), with Cluster 1 consistently outperforming Clusters 2 and 3 across multiple cognitive domains, including attention, cognitive flexibility, visuospatial abilities, memory, and executive function. Conclusion Neuropsychological assessments may serve as predictors of both baseline driving performance and post-training improvements. Tailoring interventions to individual cognitive profiles, particularly focusing on attention, visuospatial abilities, and executive function, may enhance the efficacy of simulator-based rehabilitation and support the safe resumption of driving. Future longitudinal studies should examine how targeted cognitive training might improve driving performance in patients with different cognitive profiles.

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100 项与 Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences 相关的转化医学

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