Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections are prevalent worldwide, affecting over half the global population. This study aims to investigate histopathological changes associated with H. pylori in gastric biopsies and to compare endoscopic and histopathological ndings. Aims and objectives: To study the morphological changes associated with H. pylori infection in gastric biopsies. To compare endoscopic ndings and histopathological ndings in cases of H pylori infections. To nd out the prevalence of H pylori infection in patients undergoing gastric biopsies. Materials and methods: A sample size of 380 was calculated based on a prevalence of H.pylori of 44.44% globally. A retrospective analysis of 420 gastric mucosal biopsies from a tertiary care hospital was conducted, covering 2012-2022. Endoscopic and histopathological ndings of gastric mucosal changes in H.pylori infection were compared, and the sensitivity and specicity of various ndings were assessed against histopathology. Result: Of the 420 cases, 43.10% (181) were positive for H. pylori. Signicant histopathological ndings included intestinal metaplasia, neutrophilic activity and low grade dysplasia. Signicant endoscopic changes included erythema, atrophy, and ulceration. The sensitivity and specicity of endoscopic ndings were found to be signicant for certain indicators like erythema and atrophy. Conclusion: The study ndings suggest that endoscopy must be combined by histopathological examination for accurately diagnosing H.pylori infection and related changes.

2024-07-01·Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology

A Randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of ultrasound-guided erector spinae block and paravertebral block in preventing postherpetic neuralgia in patients with zoster-associated pain

Article

作者: Shastry, Veeranna ; Raja, Thanigai ; Thammaiah, Srinivas H. ; Vyshnavi, S ; Archana, KN ; Patil, Akkamahadevi

AbstractBackground and Aims:The treatment for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) continues to be challenging in clinical pain management. Paravertebral block (PVB) and erector-spinae block (ESPB) are two novel techniques for treating this distressing condition. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of PVB and ESPB in preventing the progression to PHN in patients with acute herpes zoster (AHZ).Material and Methods:Sixty patients in pain due to AHZ were selected for a prospective randomized control study after approval from Institutional Ethical Committee. Written informed consent was taken. Patients were randomized and allotted into Control-group: standard treatment (oral antivirals, analgesics, neuropathic medicines); PVB-Group: standard treatment with PVB and ESPB- Group: standard treatment with ESPB. Under ultrasound guidance, both blocks were administered with 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine + dexamethasone 8 mg. Efficacy was evaluated on the 15th, 30th, and 60th day post treatment. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with adequate relief from pain and allodynia post study.Results:The incidence of PHN post study was 45% in the ESPB group and 40% in the PVB group and 80% in the control group (p = 0.022). The proportion of patients with pain relief was higher among the PVB group compared to the ESPB group but not statistically significant (p 0.749). On day 60, the mean pain score was 2.45 (±3.05) and 2.15 (±2.7) in ESPB and PVB groups, respectively, and 4.3 (±2.27) in the control group (p 0.003).Conclusion:PVB and ESPB are effective approaches in treating patients suffering from pain due to acute zoster and help in preventing its progression to PHN.

2024-06-25·Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research

Association of H-FABP with cardiovascular events: A systematic review

Review

作者: Rajkumar, Rajamanickam ; Parekumbel Venu, Ambili ; Sreenivasan, Sreeja ; Thekkumkara Prabhakaran, Sreelal ; Shankar, Kanagasabapathy ; Varalakshmi, Sureka ; Dinesh Roy, Divakaran ; Jayapal, Vidhyadharan

The research aimed to evaluate the association between heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) and cardiovascular events. We systematically reviewed research that has been conducted to assess this relationship, aiming to determine how useful H-FABP could be as a biomarker for cardiovascular diseases, especially in the initial phases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Our goal was to validate its diagnostic accuracy and clinical relevance. We systematically searched through PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to find pertinent publications related to cardiovascular diseases and H-FABP, using various permutations, abbreviations, and language variations of MeSH keywords. The final analysis included 12 studies in total. The final study comprised twelve studies, and it was concluded that H-FABP demonstrated high sensitivity (64.3-91.5) and specificity (73-100) for diagnosing Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), especially within the first hours of symptom onset. H-FABP demonstrates potential in enhancing the overall diagnostic accuracy during the initial hours following the manifestation of symptoms. However, the existing data do not provide sufficient evidence to recommend the regular utilization of H-FABP as a preliminary risk assessment approach in individuals who present with suspected cardiac events. Additional investigations, with well-defined prospective cohorts, are needed to validate the results observed.

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