Safety and Effectiveness of A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) Fusion Protein (Resimmune®) in Subjects With Mycosis Fungoides: A Phase II Multi-center Randomized Clinical Trial

This study evaluates the effectiveness - as judged by complete response - of a single four-day treatment with the fusion protein A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) compared to oral Zolinza (Vorinostat), in a randomized 2-arm trial after a maximum of 12 months of treatment. Patient eligibility is stage IB/IIB mycosis fungoides with mSWAT < 50 who have never had lymphoid disease or a prior bone marrow / HSCT transplant.

开始日期2017-01-01

申办/合作机构

Angimmune LLC

[+16]

NCT02990416 / Unknown status临床1/2期

Phase I/II Trial of the A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) Fusion Protein in Combination With Ionizing Radiation and Pembrolizumab for the Treatment of Stage IV Melanoma

This study evaluates the effectiveness of adding a single four-day treatment of the fusion protein A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) - plus single palliative tumor radiation - with standard of care KEYTRUDA (Pembrolizumab) therapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. The results will be measured by comparing the combined therapy to historical data of KEYTRUDA alone.

开始日期2017-01-01

申办/合作机构

Angimmune LLC

NCT01888081 / Terminated临床1/2期

Phase I/II Trial of A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) Fusion Protein in Combination With Ionizing Radiation for the Treatment of Stage IV Melanoma

The purpose of this trial is to study A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) in combination with ionizing irradiation for the treatment of stage IV melanoma, a disease that is essentially incurable with median overall survival periods that range from 8-16 months.

开始日期2014-02-01

申办/合作机构

Angimmune LLC

[+1]

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0 项与 Angimmune LLC 相关的专利（医药）

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项与 Angimmune LLC 相关的文献（医药）

2023-10-28·Scientific reports

Recombinant immunotoxin induces tumor intrinsic STING signaling against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Article

作者: Xie, Guiqin ; Pang, Xiaowu ; Shan, Liang ; Gu, Xinbin ; Wu, Tzyy-Choou ; Teng, Shaolei ; Yang, Cuicui ; Liu, Yuanyi

The innate immune stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is known to activate type I interferons (IFN-I) and participate in generating antitumor immunity. We previously produced hDT806, a recombinant diphtheria immunotoxin, and demonstrated its efficacy against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, it's unknown whether the tumor-intrinsic STING plays a role in the anti-HNSCC effects of hDT806. In this study, we investigated the innate immune modulation of hDT806 on HNSCC. hDT806 significantly upregulated the level of STING and the ratio of p-TBK1/TBK1 in the HNSCC cells. Moreover, intratumoral hDT806 treatment increased the expression of STING-IFN-I signaling proteins including IFNA1, IFNB, CXCL10 and MX1, a marker of IFN-I receptor activity, in the HNSCC xenografts. Overexpression of STING mimicked the hDT806-induced upregulation of the STING-IFN-I signaling and induced apoptosis in the HNSCC cells. In the mouse xenograft models of HNSCC with STING overexpression, we observed a significant suppression of tumor growth and reduced tumor weight with increased apoptosis compared to their control xenograft counterparts without STING overexpression. Collectively, our data revealed that hDT806 may act as a stimulator of tumor-intrinsic STING-IFN-I signaling to inhibit tumor growth in HNSCC.

2017-01-01·BioMed research international3区 · 生物学

Recombinant Immunotoxin Therapy of Glioblastoma: Smart Design, Key Findings, and Specific Challenges

3区 · 生物学

ReviewOA

作者: Shan, Liang ; Zhu, Shaowei ; Wang, Paul C. ; Gu, Xinbin ; Liu, Yuanyi

Recombinant immunotoxins (RITs) refer to a group of recombinant protein-based therapeutics, which consists of two components: an antibody variable fragment or a specific ligand that allows RITs to bind specifically to target cells and an engineered toxin fragment that kills the target cells upon internalization. To date, over 1,000 RITs have been generated and significant success has been achieved in the therapy of hematological malignancies. However, the immunogenicity and off-target toxicities of RITs remain as significant barriers for their application to solid tumor therapy. A group of RITs have also been generated for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, and some have demonstrated evidence of tumor response and an acceptable profile of toxicity and safety in early clinical trials. Different from other solid tumors, how to efficiently deliver the RITs to intracranial tumors is more critical and needs to be solved urgently. In this article, we first review the design and expression of RITs, then summarize the key findings in the preclinical and clinical development of RIT therapy of glioblastoma multiforme, and lastly discuss the specific issues that still remain to forward RIT therapy to clinical practice.

2013-01-01·Journal of basic and clinical medicine

Recombinant Immunotoxin Therapy of Solid Tumors: Challenges and Strategies.

Article

作者: Shan, Liang ; Wang, Paul ; Liu, Yuanyi

Immunotoxins are a group of protein-based therapeutics, basically comprising two functional moieties: one is the antibody or antibody Fv fragment that allows the immunotoxin to bind specifically to target cells; another is the plant or bacterial toxin that kills the cells upon internalization. Immunotoxins have several unique features which are superior to conventional chemotherapeutics, including high specificity, extraordinary potency, and no known drug resistance. Development of immunotoxins evolves with time and technology, but significant progress has been achieved in the past 20 years after introduction of recombinant DNA technique and generation of the first single-chain variable fragment of monoclonal antibodies. Since then, more than 1,000 recombinant immunotoxins have been generated against cancer. However, most success in immunotoxin therapy has been achieved against hematological malignancies, several issues persist to be significant barriers for effective therapy of human solid tumors. Further development of immunotoxins will largely focus on the improvement of penetration capability to solid tumor mass and elimination of immunogenicity occurred when given repeatedly to patients. Promising strategies may include construction of recombinant antibody fragments with higher binding affinity and stability, elimination of immunodominant T- and B-cell epitopes of toxins, modification of immunotoxins with macromolecules like poly(ethylene glycol) and liposomes, and generation of immunotoxins with humanized antibody fragments and human endogenous cytotoxic enzymes. In this paper, we briefly reviewed the evolution of immunotoxin development and then discussed the challenges of immunotoxin therapy for human solid tumors and the potential strategies we may seek to overcome the challenges.

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2024-04-24

·药智网

重大突破！新一代免疫疗法或将迎来下一个千亿大单品吗？

免疫治疗在近三十年蓬勃发展，并取得了众多成果。发现肿瘤细胞表面抗原，打通肿瘤免疫逃逸机制，探索细胞因子和抗体，为免疫治疗提供了新的靶点和手段。CAR-T细胞疗法和PD-1抑制剂等新型免疫治疗方法问世，为癌症治疗带来了革命性的突破。CAR-T（Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Immunotherapy嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法）在白血病、淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤等疾病治疗中展现出的惊艳效果，使其成为目前全球肿瘤免疫治疗领域中最为火热的研究领域。但是在实体肿瘤的治疗上，CAR-T的表现始终不够理想。首先，CAR结构设计对于CAR-T细胞在体内的激活非常关键，在实体瘤中对CAR结构的设计要求更高，这是对团队在技术和经验上的双重考验。在技术原理上，实体瘤的空间结构对CAR-T细胞浸润有一定阻碍作用，使得实体瘤内部无法接触到CAR-T细胞，且内部还存在对CAR-T细胞有抑制作用的细胞和分子，肿瘤细胞依旧在疯狂生长。另一方面，在杀伤实体瘤时，CAR-T细胞耗竭严重，在体内的扩增能力将大大降低，治疗效果也就大打折扣。01“重启”免疫系统，分化抗肿瘤T细胞针对免疫治疗的现状，我们应该怎样来提高免疫治疗的效果？迄今为止，被广泛应用的一些免疫疗法主要是通过外力来实现免疫功能的改善，并没有实现通过对内部免疫系统的改造，进而实现免疫功能的自主且长期的转变。如果能够“重启”体内免疫细胞的功能，使机体自发地抵御肿瘤细胞的侵蚀，或可为目前最理想的免疫疗法思路。将“筋疲力尽”或已经免疫逃逸的现有免疫细胞（主要针对T细胞）进行彻底清除，迫使人体免疫系统能够产生不携带免疫记忆的全新T细胞，完成免疫功能的“重启”。该类T细胞将分化成抗肿瘤能力更强的T细胞，逆转免疫系统耗竭，使人体恢复到一个健康的状态。根据这一开发思路，CAMPATH®（抗CD52单抗）、Thymoglobuline®(兔抗腺细胞球蛋白)T Guard（ADC药物）等“先行者”已经进行了相关探索。图1 免疫重启疗法相关药物介绍数据来源：药智数据，药智咨询整理2001年5月7日，美国初次批准CAMPATH®上市，后又在欧洲、加拿大、日本、韩国、中国台湾、中国香港等国家和地区上市，被批准作为B细胞慢性淋巴细胞白血病（B-CLL）的注射治疗药物。2008年8月27日，赛诺菲安万特研发的Thymoglobuline®获批上市，目前已批准用于移植物抗宿主病、再生障碍性贫血、移植排斥反应的相关治疗，以及预防移植排斥反应和移植物抗宿主病。根据药智数据库统计，2023年Thymoglobuline®在中国地区共销售25.99万剂，销售额近6.2亿元人民币。T-Guard是Xenikos自Henogen处引进的一款ADC混合制剂，在2023年3月因安全性问题被迫终止在GvHD的III期临床研究。虽然上述药物均能够发挥清除T细胞的功能，但清除方式均不具有特异性，且CAMPATH®和Thymoglobuline®清除效果不完全，T-Guard更是存在安全性问题。02多项适应症齐开临床试验，VG712或为最理想免疫疗法由此可见，重启免疫细胞的功能并非简单地杀死T细胞就能够实现，真正“重启”细胞免疫功能的药物应该具备特异性高、亲和力强、清除彻底、作用短暂且安全性高等特点。图2 免疫细胞功能重启药物的条件数据来源：药智数据，药智咨询整理1994年，David Neville博士、HUAIZHONG HU(胡怀忠）博士开始针对CD3靶点的双价毒素蛋白分子构建和机理进行验证，打通并简化相关生产工艺，开创了免疫毒素领域的研究先河。2008年，David Neville博士、Yuan-Yi Liu博士和Jung-Hee Woo博士联合创立了Angimmune公司，团队联合哈佛大学、路易斯维尔大学将该项研究推进到适应症及安全性探索阶段，相继完成了有关器官移植、皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤、PD-1实体瘤联合疗法等方向的临床前/临床I期研究，并申请了相关发明专利。2014年取得FDA孤儿药资格认定，2016年因其临床显著疗效取得FDA快速审评资格。2023年2月，NIH批准成都维瑾柏鳌生物医药科技有限公司（以下简称：维瑾生物）下属美国子公司、香港子公司获得该管线的全球独家商业开发权，现管线名为VG712。VG712是一种针对T细胞CD3位点的抗体结合域片段，与经过改造的白喉毒素进行融合的二价融合蛋白，可以通过与T细胞特异性结合后进行内吞，在胞内释放毒素杀死T细胞。发展至今，VG712已成为目前最有希望实现免疫细胞功能重启的药物。相关现有研究表示，VG712可在短时间内彻底清除人体内的T细胞，从而促使细胞免疫系统进行重启，产生大量新T细胞，从此恢复正常的免疫功能。该方法能够提高T细胞长期识别和攻击肿瘤细胞的能力;诱导器官移植后的免疫耐受，提高器官的功能和生存期;特异性清除淋巴系统中的T细胞，最大程度地提高CAR-T疗法的治疗效果和安全性，改善癌症患者的结果；降低T细胞对自身器官的攻击，改善T细胞介导的自身免疫性疾病的进展;以及清除艾滋病患者体内的T细胞潜伏病毒库，逆转耐药病人的病情等。根据公开临床研究结果，美国开展的CTCL临床I期研究已经证实VG712能在4天内快速有效清除病人体内T细胞，14天内T细胞恢复至治疗前水平，且专门抗肿瘤的CD8记忆性T细胞比治疗前增长20倍。并且，多例晚期的皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤病人已经实现临床治愈，让VG712在机理和疗效上获得了双重认可。动物试验表明，VG712与已经上市的T细胞清除药物相比，不仅可以有效清除循环系统里面的T细胞，还可以有效清除器官里面的T细胞。根据维瑾生物对VG712的发展规划，2024年将开展皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤（CTCL）在美国的确证性临床研究，同时，也将准备启动肾器官移植后免疫耐受诱导的I期临床研究、激素耐药后GvHD的I期临床研究、CAR-T治疗前的清淋处理的I期临床研究。在艾滋病、自身免疫疾病等领域的研究也正在寻找合作伙伴共同推进。03销售额预计超700亿美金，免疫治疗迎来新希望VG712带来细胞免疫功能重启的新希望，开拓了免疫治疗领域的新方向，将在抗肿瘤、诱导免疫耐受、器官移植、CAR-T治疗前的清淋处理等方面取得重大突破。据药智咨询评估，目前进展最快的适应症CTCL有望在上市后5年（2029年-2033年）在全球市场（美国、欧洲、中国、东南亚市场）累积实现5.39亿美元的销售。销售额预计在2038年达峰，年销售峰值2.68亿美元，上市10年（2029年-2038年）可在全球市场累积创造16.79亿美元的销售。综合现有临床适应症，根据rNPV估值法，VG712在计划上市十年内（2028年-2038年）全球市场销售额约为739.33亿美元。在CAR-T治疗前的清淋处理、器官移植后免疫耐受诱导、激素耐药后GvHD、自身免疫性疾病、艾滋病等领域，临床需求明显，且现有上市产品痛点较多，结合VG712创新的治疗原理和优秀的临床表现，该管线均有望在上市当年便实现超过3亿美元的市场销售额。一种真正自主、长期发挥作用的免疫疗法，VG712或将开辟肿瘤治疗的第三条路线，成为免疫治疗领域未来二三十年中必不可少的药物。前有“司美格鲁肽”这样的千亿级大单品，VG712是否会是下一个？声明：本内容为作者独立观点，不代表药智网立场。如需转载，请务必注明文章作者和来源。对本文有异议或投诉，请联系maxuelian@yaozh.com。责任编辑 | 金银花转载开白 | 马老师 18996384680（同微信）如需定制医药咨询服务，请扫描下方二维码咨询！阅读原文，是受欢迎的文章哦

免疫疗法细胞疗法抗体药物偶联物上市批准

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