Effect of Taurine or Bitter Melon Extracts Supplementation on Energy Metabolism during Exercise - Effect of Taurine or Bitter Melon Extracts Supplementation on Energy Metabolism during Exercise

开始日期2019-05-17

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Sojo University

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项与 Sojo University 相关的文献（医药）

2024-08-01·Free Radical Biology and Medicine

Carbon monoxide-loaded cell therapy as an exercise mimetic for sarcopenia treatment

Article

作者: Watanabe, Hiroshi ; Kato, Hiromasa ; Ono, Yusuke ; Yanagisawa, Hiroki ; Kanazawa, Gai ; Fujimaki, Shin ; Wada, Naoki ; Nagasaki, Taisei ; Maeda, Hitoshi ; Chuang, Victor Tuan Giam ; Sakai, Hiromi ; Kobayashi, Kazuki ; Saruwatari, Junji ; Kaji, Tsubasa ; Maruyama, Toru ; Noguchi, Isamu ; Otagiri, Masaki ; Taguchi, Kazuaki

Sarcopenia is characterized by loss of muscle strength and muscle mass with aging. The growing number of sarcopenia patients as a result of the aging population has no viable treatment. Exercise maintains muscle strength and mass by increasing peroxisome growth factor activating receptor γ-conjugating factor-1α (PGC-1α) and Akt signaling in skeletal muscle. The present study focused on the carbon monoxide (CO), endogenous activator of PGC-1α and Akt, and investigated the therapeutic potential of CO-loaded red blood cells (CO-RBCs), which is bioinspired from in vivo CO delivery system, as an exercise mimetic for the treatment of sarcopenia. Treatment of C2C12 myoblasts with the CO-donor increased the protein levels of PGC-1α which enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and energy production. The CO-donor treatment also activated Akt, indicating that CO promotes muscle synthesis. CO levels were significantly elevated in the skeletal muscle of normal mice after intravenous administration of CO-RBCs. Furthermore, CO-RBCs restored the mRNA expression levels of PGC-1α in the skeletal muscle of two experimental sarcopenia mouse models, denervated (Den) and hindlimb unloading (HU) models. CO-RBCs also restored muscle mass in Den mice by activating Akt signaling and suppressing the muscle atrophy factors myostatin and atrogin-1, and oxidative stress. Treadmill tests further showed that the reduced running distance in HU mice was significantly restored by CO-RBC administration. These findings suggest that CO-RBCs have potential as an exercise mimetic for sarcopenia treatment.

2024-08-01·Archives of Toxicology

Formation of functional, extended bile canaliculi, and increased bile acid production in sandwich-cultured human cryopreserved hepatocytes using commercially available culture medium

Article

作者: Horiuchi, Shinichiro ; Kuroda, Yukie ; Oyafuso, Ryota ; Komizu, Yuji ; Ishida, Seiichi ; Maeda, Kazuya

AbstractDrug-induced cholestasis results in drug discontinuation and market withdrawal, and the prediction of cholestasis risk is critical in the early stages of drug development. Animal tests and membrane vesicle assay are currently being conducted to assess the risk of cholestasis in the preclinical stage. However, these methods have drawbacks, such as species differences with humans and difficulties in evaluating the effects of drug metabolism and other transporters, implying the need for a cholestasis risk assessment system using human hepatocytes. However, human hepatocytes hardly form functional, extended bile canaliculi, a requirement for cholestasis risk assessment. We previously established a culture protocol for functional, extended bile canaliculi formation in human iPSC-derived hepatocytes. In this study, we modified this culture protocol to support the formation of functional, extended bile canaliculi in human cryopreserved hepatocytes (cryoheps). The production of bile acids, which induces bile canaliculi extension, increased time-dependently during bile canaliculi formation using this protocol, suggesting that increased bile acid production may be involved in the extended bile canaliculi formation. We have also shown that our culture protocol can be applied to cryoheps from multiple donors and that bile canaliculi can be formed stably among different culture batches. Furthermore, this protocol enables long-term maintenance of bile canaliculi and scaling down to culture in 96-well plates. We expect our culture protocol to be a breakthrough for in vitro cholestasis risk assessment.

2024-07-02·Microbiology Spectrum

Multimodal inhibitory effect of matcha on Porphyromonas gingivalis

Article

作者: Mandokoro, Kengo ; Nakao, Ryoma ; Ikeda, Tsuyoshi ; Takai, Hideki ; Ogata, Yorimasa ; Narisawa, Naoki ; Takatsuka, Ayami

ABSTRACTPorphyromonas gingivalis has been associated with progression of periodontitis, characterized by inflammation and destruction of periodontal tissues. Here, we report that matcha, a product of Camellia sinensis , hampers the adherence and survival of P. gingivalis through multiple tactics. Matcha extract (ME) inhibited the growth not only of P. gingivalis but also of Prevotella nigrescen s and Fusobacterium nucleatum , while it did not inhibit growth of nine species of oral streptococci and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans . ME-mediated P. gingivalis growth inhibition was characterized by both morphological and physiological changes at the bacterial envelope, which were accompanied by nano-particle formation and decreased membrane fluidity/permeability without loss of membrane integrity. ME also triggered autoaggregation of P. gingivalis in a major fimbriae (FimA)-dependent manner. In addition, adherence of P. gingivalis was dramatically inhibited by ME, irrespective of fimbriae. Furthermore, a structure-activity relationship study tested a series of catechins isolated from ME and identified the pyrogallol-type B-ring of catechins as essential for P. gingivalis growth inhibition. In a clinical study to assess the microbiological and therapeutic effects of matcha mouthwash in patients with periodontitis, the P. gingivalis number in saliva was significantly reduced by matcha mouthwash compared to the pre-intervention level. A tendency toward improvement in probing pocket depth was observed in the matcha group, although the difference was not statistically significant. Taken together, we present a proof of concept, based on the multimodal inhibitory effect of matcha against P. gingivalis , and that matcha may have clinical applicability for prevention and treatment of periodontitis. IMPORTANCE Periodontitis, a multifactorial inflammatory disease of the oral cavity, results in alveolar bone destruction, and is a major cause of tooth loss of humans. In addition, emerging evidence has demonstrated associations between periodontitis and a wide range of other chronic inflammation-driven disorders, including diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, cardiovascular disease, aspiration pneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis, cognitive disorder, and cancer. In the present study, we report that matcha, a product of Camellia sinensis , hampers Porphyromonas gingivalis , a major periodontal pathobiont, in not only a series of in vitro experiments but also a pilot intervention clinical trial of patients with periodontitis, in which matcha mouthwash statistically significantly reduced the P. gingivalis number in saliva, as compared to the pre-intervention level. Taken together, we suggest that matcha may have clinical applicability for prevention and treatment of periodontitis.

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