Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive

The aim of this French multicenter retrospective study is to describ rare primary hepatic cancers clinical, histological and radiological features, to obtain a biological tumor and blood collection, and to evaluate the efficacy of treatments received in clinical practice in order to determine optimal therapeutic sequences. This retrospective cohort will be the backbone of future translational studies aimed at identifying new molecular, histological, circulating and radiological tumor biomarkers, potentially useful at every stage of diagnosis and prognostic or theranostic evaluation.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus is still a rare disease but its incidence increases mostly due to its association with human papillomavirus (HPV). When localized, the standard treatment combines radiotherapy and chemotherapy with 5FU and mitomycin-C. Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) achieves a good outcome for early stage tumors (T1-T2 tumors without nodal involvement), but more advanced tumors (T3-T4 or N1) are associated with a dismal prognosis. About 35 % of such patients relapse within two years after the end of treatment Recently, for metastatic or recurrent tumors after chemoradiotherapy, a chemotherapy combining docetaxel, cisplatin and 5FU (modified DCF protocol) has given very good results with a median overall survival of 39.2 months in 2 French trials (Epitopes HPV01 and 02). Our idea is to propose a new strategy , associating this chemotherapy (mDCF) followed by chemoradiotherapy to improve efficacy of the treatment for patients with locally advanced anal cancers. To this end, The principal investigator propose a national, multicenter, randomized phase 3 clinical trial to compare induction chemotherapy with mDCF followed by chemoradiotherapy versus standard chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced anal canal cancer.
the efficacy of the treatment will be evaluated by comparing disease-related event-free survival at 2 years according to the type of treatment. Other endpoints will also be evaluated such as overall survival and colostomy-free survival, treatment tolerability, response rate and quality of life.
This trial will be offered to patients over 18 years of age with locally advanced anal cancer without metastasis (T3-4 or N1). It is open to patients over 75 years of age subject to a favorable evaluation by an oncogeriatrician. It is also open to immunocompromised patients (HIV+) if their immunity is well controlled under antiretroviral treatment.The standard chemoradiotherapy treatment consists of 33 sessions of radiation, one session per day from Monday to Friday for 6.5 weeks. It is combined with chemotherapy that includes mitomycin during the first and fifth weeks of radiation therapy, as well as capecitabine that are taken on the days of radiation therapy.In the experimental arm, this chemoradiotherapy treatment is preceded by 4 sessions of mDCF chemotherapy performed every 2 weeks.After treatment, patients are followed up at 8 weeks, then every 4 months for 2 years, and every 6 months for the last year with clinical examination and imaging (CT and MRI).

The Keynote 117 phase III trial demonstrated the superiority of pembrolizumab (anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody) versus chemotherapy +/- targeted therapy in first-line treatment of dMMR/MSI metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, primary resistance to pembrolizumab was observed in approximately 20-30% of patients treated in the Keynote 177 study. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers predictive of resistance to immunotherapy for dMMR/MSI mCRC is necessary to better select patients who benefit the most from immunotherapy, and those for whom other therapeutic approaches should be favored.