Article
作者: Heldner, Mirjam R. ; Giacobazzi, Laura ; Grisendi, Ilaria ; Truessel, Simon ; Nolte, Christian H. ; Gensicke, Henrik ; Tariq, Muhammad Bilal ; Nguyen, Thanh N. ; Pezzini, Alessandro ; Molina, Carlos A. ; Picchetto, Livio ; Clark, Judith ; Friedrich Scheitz, Jan ; Sykora, Marek ; Boehme, Christian ; Riegler, Christoph ; Puetz, Volker ; Pascarella, Rosario ; Pallesen, Lars-Peder ; Ryan, Dylan ; Gralla, Jan ; Bianco, Giovanni ; Abrahamson, Margareta ; Knoflach, Michael ; Caparros, François ; Leker, Ronen ; Engelter, Stefan T. ; Siegler, James E. ; Zini, Andrea ; Ahmad, Mohammad J. ; Rizzo, Federica ; Mordasini, Pasquale ; Ribo, Marc ; Nordanstig, Annika ; Napoli, Manuela ; Bigliardi, Guido ; Flottmann, Fabian ; Patel, Parth ; Salerno, Alexander ; Carrera, Emmanuel ; Simonnet, Fanny ; Kim, Jong S. ; Machi, Paolo ; Curtze, Sami ; Jeong, Soo ; Cordonnier, Charlotte ; Abdalkader, Mohamad ; Mac Grory, Brian ; Zamzam, Ahmad ; Maffei, Stefania ; Bernardo Escribano Paredes, José ; Ferrari, Julia ; Marto, Joao Pedro ; Strambo, Davide ; Henon, Hilde ; Fiehler, Jens ; Mazini, Bianca ; Nahhas, Michael ; Wischmann, Johannes ; Zedde, Marialuisa ; Wegener, Susanne ; Padjen, Visnja ; Migliaccio, Ludovica ; Frediani, Luca ; Cereda, Carlo W. ; Dunet, Vincent ; Baumgartner, Philipp ; Michel, Patrik ; Kellert, Lars ; Min, Jiangyong ; Dhar, Srishti ; Arnold, Marcel ; Krebs, Stefan ; Saliou, Guillaume ; Antonenko, Kateryna ; Gentile, Mauro
BACKGROUND::The best revascularization strategy for acute ischemic stroke from isolated vertebral artery occlusion remains unclear.
METHODS::This retrospective, international, multicenter cohort study included patients from 30 comprehensive stroke centers across Europe (n=23), North America (n=5), and Asia (n=2) between 2016 and 2022. Eligible patients presented with acute ischemic stroke within 24 hours of last seen well and had imaging-confirmed isolated vertebral artery occlusion. Two treatment comparisons were analyzed: intravenous thrombolysis (IVT)-only versus conservative treatment (Cx), and endovascular treatment (EVT)±IVT versus medical management (Cx and IVT). The primary outcome was the shift in 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score; secondary outcomes included early neurological improvement (24-hour-delta National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score), recanalization, early neurological deterioration of ischemic origin, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, and 3-month mortality. Analyses were adjusted using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).
RESULTS::
Among 494 patients, 143 (29%) received Cx, 218 (44%) IVT-only, and 133 (27%) EVT±IVT. Compared with Cx, IVT-only showed similar 3-month mRS score (IPTW-adjusted odds ratio [aOR] mRS shift score, 1.32 [95% CI, 0.80–2.18]), greater early neurological improvement (IPTW-adjusted-β coefficient, −1 [95% CI, −2.05 to 0.05]), and higher recanalization rates (IPTW-aOR, 4.33 [95% CI, 1.36–13.78]). Compared with MM (=IVT+Cx), EVT±IVT was associated with an unfavorable mRS shift score (IPTW-aOR mRS shift score, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.35–0.74]), higher early neurological deterioration of ischemic origin (IPTW-aOR, 9.06 [95% CI, 2.86–28.67]), and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (IPTW-aOR, 6.05 [95% CI, 1.14–32.1]) though recanalization was over 4-fold higher (OR, 4.64 [95% CI, 1.90–11.33]). Patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≥10 showed point estimates favoring EVT+IVT (
Pinteraction
=0.025).
CONCLUSIONS::IVT-only appeared safe and was associated with better early recovery and recanalization. EVT±IVT showed overall worse outcomes, potentially due to increased early neurological deterioration of ischemic origin and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage rates, but may confer benefit in moderate-to-severe strokes, warranting prospective trials in symptomatic isolated vertebral artery occlusion.