Misr University For Science And Technology

In light of the fact that climate change has emerged as one of the difficulties confronting the global food system, researchers are obligated to work toward developing fundamental crops, particularly wheat, to combat environmental stress, including drought and salt. In the present study, genetic engineering was used to transfer the Arabidopsis MDAR1 gene, which controls the buildup of ascorbic acid (AsA) to make bread wheat less likely to be sensitive to salt stress. The biolistic bombardment was used to transfer cDNA from the Arabidopsis thaliana plant that encodes MDAR1 into Bobwhite 56 cultivar wheat plants. A molecular investigation was performed on six different transgenic lines to confirm the integration of the transgene, the copy number, and the expression of the transgene. There were one to three copies of the transgene, and there was no association found between the number of copies of the transgene and All the data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].the presence of its expression. Compared to plants that were not transgenic, the amount of ascorbic acid (AsA) that accumulated in the transgenic plants was twice as high. ROS concentrations are significantly lower in transgenic plants compared to non-transgenic plants under both control and salt stress conditions, effectively reducing oxidative stress. By cultivating transgenic T2 plants in a greenhouse, we were able to determine whether they were able to tolerate the potentially damaging effects of salt stress (200 mm). The study concluded that transgenic wheat plants that consistently expressed the MDAR1 gene become tolerant to salt stress with improvement in growth characteristics.

In this article, we present the design of novel nanotubes exhibiting quantum confinement and edge effects derived from graphene quantum dots. Density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics simulations were utilized to explore their structural, electronic, and energy storage properties. These finite graphene nanotubes demonstrate both structural and thermal stability, as confirmed by frequency and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at elevated temperatures (400 K). Electrical conductivity is significantly enhanced through boron and nitrogen doping, attributed to a notable reduction in the energy gap (2.49 → 0.4 eV). Furthermore, these nanotubes exhibit intriguing interactions with lithium (Li) metal atoms, where the adsorption strength increases monotonically with the number of Li atoms adsorbed. Structural analyses reveal minimal deformation upon Li adsorption, especially in nitrogen-modified nanotubes. Consecutive energy calculations were employed to estimate the maximum number of Li atoms that can be adsorbed. Our findings show that the nanotubes can accommodate Li atoms in three distinct layers, achieving an exceptional storage capacity of 2295.3 mAh g^-1, significantly surpassing established materials like graphene, and comparable to lithium metal, but without the risk of dendrite formation. This extraordinary theoretical storage capacity, coupled with minimal structural deformation and excellent thermal stability confirmed by MD simulations, suggests that these quantum nanotubes are highly promising for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries and next-generation energy storage technologies.

The purpose of this work was to create and assess Lornoxicam (LOR) loaded Novasomes (Novas) for the efficient treatment of ulcerative colitis. The study was performed using a 2³ factorial design to investigate the impact of several formulation variables. Three separate parameters were investigated: Surface Active agent (SAA) type (X₁), LOR concentration (X₂), and SAA: Oleic acid ratio (X₃). The dependent responses included encapsulation efficiency (Y₁: EE %), particle size (Y₂: PS), zeta potential (Y₃: ZP), and polydispersity index (Y₄: PDI). The vesicles demonstrated remarkable LOR encapsulation efficiency, ranging from 81.32 ± 3.24 to 98.64 ± 0.99%. The vesicle sizes ranged from 329 ± 9.88 to 583.4 ± 9.04 nm with high negative zeta potential values. The release pattern for Novas' LOR was biphasic and adhered to Higuchi's model. An in-vivo study assessed how LOR-Novas affected rats' acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). The optimised LOR-Novas effectively reduced colonic ulceration (p < 0.05) and reduced the inflammatory pathway via inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κβ) and inducible nitric oxide (iNO). At the same time, it elevated Silent information regulator-1(SIRT-1) and reduced glutathione (GSH) colon contents. Thus, the current study suggested that the formulation of LOR-Novas may be a viable treatment for ulcerative colitis.