Article
作者: Lalljee, Alisha ; Pavlichenko, Alexey ; Muhammad, Nuru Suleiman ; Malik, Khamelia ; Bourgin-Duchesnay, Julie ; Matiekus, Eimantas ; Colon-Rivera, Hector ; Tsapakis, Eva Maria ; Elek, Livia Priyanka ; Popkov, Mikhail ; Iakimova, Rossitza ; Martínez, Xarah Elenne Meza ; Szczegielniak, Anna ; Panteleeva, Liliya ; Bukelskis, Laurynas ; Elissa, Anna ; Naor, Mika S ; Ignatenko, Yulia ; Stoyanova, Maria ; Nassieb, Amira ; De Lucena, David ; Dodd, Seetal ; Martinez, Stephanie ; Molina-López, Alejandro ; Hasan, Tasdik M ; Erdelyi-Hamza, Berta ; Shirasaka, Tomohiro ; Ibrahim, Mona ; Franza, Francesco ; García-Portilla, Maria Paz ; Rewekant, Anna ; Tavormina, Giuseppe ; Mejia, Gabriela ; Koh, Steve ; Bobes-Bascaran, Teresa ; Malashonkova, Evgeniia ; Crepin, Piirika ; Berk, Michael ; Vysotska, Olga ; Shah, Bhumika ; Ismail, Zaliha ; Vukovic, Olivera ; Rebok, Federico ; Hossain, Sahadat ; Yashikhina, Anna ; Hilbig, Jan ; Javed, Afzal ; Frias, Pedro ; Pandova, Milena ; Mammadzada, Gulay ; Tukhvatullina, Dina ; Papava, Ion ; Tamasan, Simona Claudia ; Hagin, Michal ; González, Daniela Morera ; Bobes, Julio ; Jakobs, Asaf ; Levaj, Sarah ; Mustač, Filip ; Tavormina, Maurilio Giuseppe Maria ; Malik, Najma Iqbal ; Saw, Jo Anne ; Mahalingappa, Sridevi Sira ; Alarcón, Renato D ; Memon, Roha Saeed ; Widiasih, Natalia ; Falkai, Peter ; Kafali, Helin Yilmaz ; Raduan, Nor Jannah Nasution ; Saiz, Pilar ; Jakovljević, Miro ; Smirnova, Daria ; Ahmed, Helal Uddin ; da Costa, Mariana Pinto ; Khalifa, Doaa ; Kosenko, Korneliia ; Ismayilova, Jamila ; Erzin, Gamze ; Vrublevska, Jelena ; Vadon, Nikolett Beata ; Mandalia, Bilvesh ; Marčinko, Darko ; Vega-Dienstmaier, Johann M ; Jakšić, Nenad ; Garay, Cristian J ; Gonda, Xenia ; Schneidereit, Patricia ; Navickas, Alvydas ; Skugarevsky, Oleg ; Mickevičiūtė, Dalia ; Arai, Kiyomi ; Marazziti, Donatella ; Milev, Roumen ; Mohammed, Muftau ; Liewig, Justine ; Majid, Abdul ; Grau, Arturo ; de Carmona, Manuel Sánchez ; Khaustova, Olena ; Kazakova, Olga ; Iftene, Felicia ; Etchevers, Martin J ; Pejuskovic, Bojana ; Ramírez, Francisca Vargas ; Garcia-Álvarez, Leticia ; Burkadze, Akaki ; Irarrazaval, Matias ; Spikina, Anna ; Flores, Elena Ninoska Reyes ; Okasha, Tarek ; Grandinetti, Paolo ; Auwal, Sani Salihu ; Fountoulakis, Konstantinos N ; Galako, Tatiana ; Filatova, Viktoriia ; De Berardis, Domenico ; Gould, Hilary ; Martínez, David Saucedo ; Kopishinskaia, Svetlana ; Harada, Takayuki ; Castilla-Puentes, Ruby ; Morozov, Petr ; Sitanggang, Satti ; Frankova, Iryna ; Fountoulakis, Nikolaos K ; Delgado, Sergio Zamora ; Groudeva, Violeta ; Ullah, Irfan ; Abud, Indira Indiana Cabrera ; De Sousa, Avinash ; Tohen, Mauricio ; Corral, Ricardo ; Karia, Sagar ; Panfil, Anca-Livia ; Razali, Salmi ; Cortez-Vergara, Carla ; Abraham, Seri ; Vaidya, Ratnaraj ; Rivera-Encinas, María Teresa ; Silagadze, Ketevan ; Saygili, Görkem ; Bredicean, Cristina Ana ; Popovic, Dina ; Farcas, Adriana ; Cetkovich, Marcelo ; Gondek, Tomasz M ; Rancans, Elmars ; Adorjan, Kristina ; Stefano, Ramona Di ; Karakatsoulis, Gregory ; Hashim, Nurul Azreen ; Fedotov, Ilya
INTRODUCTIONThis study registered rates of specific treatment options for mental disorders as well as their long-term outcome.MATERIAL AND METHODSThe history of mental disorders was used as a proxy for diagnosis. The data came from the COMET-G study (40 countries; 54,826 subjects, 64.73 % females, 35.45±13.51 years old). The analysis included descriptive statistics, Risk Ratios, t-tests, and ANCOVA's.RESULTS24.14 % reported a history of any mental disorder (depression >12 %, non-affective psychosis and Bipolar disorder 1 % each, >20 % self-injury, >10 % had attempted suicide, 7.17 % illegal substance abuse). Most patients were not under any kind of treatment (59.44 %) and most were not receiving treatment as recommended (e.g. 90 % of Bipolar and 2/3 of psychotic patients). No treatment at all and psychotherapy as monotherapy were consistently related to poorer outcomes. In anxiety or depression, only antidepressant monotherapy and benzodiazepines, in Bipolar disorder only antipsychotic monotherapy in males and antidepressant monotherapy in females and in non-affective psychosis antipsychotics and psychotherapy in females only, were related to good outcomes. No treatment modality was related to a good outcome in those with a history of self-harm, suicidal attempts, or illegal substance use. Only depression and treatment with antidepressants were related to metabolic syndrome.DISCUSSIONIn the community, the overwhelming majority of mental patients do not receive appropriate treatment or, even worse, no treatment at all. The outcome is unfavourable for the majority and only a few selective treatment options seem to make a difference.