Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

This research aims to use neural-like cells (NLCs) derived from endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSCs) on a polylactic acid/chitosan scaffold (PLA/CS) along with the use of bacopa monnieri (Memocopa) in a rat sciatic nerve injury model for sciatic nerve regeneration. While previous studies have explored stem cell therapies and scaffold-based approaches for nerve regeneration, using EnMSCs in combination with a PLA/CS scaffold and Memocopa represents a novel, potentially synergistic approach.

EnMSCs were isolated, characterized, and differentiated in a study. The expression of specific genes in the differentiated cells was confirmed using RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. PLA nanofiber and chitosan hydrogel scaffolds were created for neural tissue engineering. Memocopa was administered orally alongside scaffold and cell transplantation. The study involved 25 adult male Wistar rats with a 3 mm sciatic nerve gap, divided into five groups based on treatment. Animals were monitored for 8 weeks, during which SFI was measured. Tissue samples were then prepared for histological examination, including various staining techniques.

The combination of scaffold, cells, and Memocopa showed significant improvements in sciatic nerve function, as indicated by the SFI results in the eighth week: conduit group -33.87, conduit/cells group -25.92, conduit/cells/Memocopa group -22.86, Memocopa group -30.93, and control group -38.87. Histological findings revealed improvements in various aspects, including percentages of new nerve formation across the different treatment groups: conduit group 4.62 %, conduit/cells group 16.45 %, conduit/cells/Memocopa group 21.32 %, Memocopa group 7.07 %, and control group 0.22 %.

The results of this study showed that efficient differentiation of EnMSCs into NLCs is possible, and with the help of PLA/CS scaffold and simultaneous use of Memocopa, it is possible to repair and improve sciatic nerve injury in a rat animal model.

In this work, d. functional theory was used to study the structural and elastic properties, cohesion energy, and formation energy of the Ag₂SiS₃ ternary chalcogenide compoundThe calculations were performed using the norm-conserving and ultra-soft charge pseudo-potential in GGA and LDA approximationsThe negativity of the measured value of cohesion and formation energy indicates the stability of the compoundAt the E-Γ point, an indirect band gap with the sizes LDA + US = 1.17eV, GGA + US = 1.29 eV, and GGA + NC = 1.24 eV was obtained.Important characteristics of the elastic properties were studied, including anisotropy, bulk B, Young′s modulus E, shear modulus G, min. thermal conductivity (k_min), Cauchy pressure (P_C), Gruneisen parameter (γ), Poisson′s ratio (), Debye temperature (θ_D), and melting temperature T_melt.From examining P_C, G/B, and , we found that the composition is ductile, and there are also ionic bonds between atoms.V was checked in (100), (010), and (001) directions; the value of V was different in these directions (V_l was greater than V_t in all directions), which indicates sound anisotropy.The θ_D value in this combination, LDA + US = 203.6 K, GGA + US = 217.54 K, and GGA-NC = 191.89 K, and the T_melt(±300K) value in LDA + US = 701.445 K, GGA + US = 644.85 K, and GGA-NC = 584.25 K, were obtained.The values obtained of K_min in the Clarke (Cahill) model have various amounts in different directions, and these values indicate the anisotropy of K_min.The values of K_min in the direction 100 in the Clark model are GGA-NC = 0.036 (W/mK), GGA-US = 0.042, and LDA-US = 0.043.After examining the properties of the Ag₂SiS₃ compound, we found that it is ductile, resistant, with good machinability, completely anisotropic, has strong at. bonds, and is particularly stable.Given its properties, it is perfectly suitable for manufacturing and use in industry.

We applied DFT to explore the structural, electronic and magnetic characteristics, as well as optical properties of a new series of full Heusler Co₂HfZ (Z = Pb, Bi, As) CompoundsCalculations were conducted using the Quantum ESPRESSO software, employing various methods including the generalized gradient approximation (GGA-PBE), local spin d. approximations (LSDA), and GGA + U.Our research focused on the structural optimization of new compounds in different magnetic states for the Cu₂MnAl and Hg₂CuTi structures.Moreover, we performed calculations for various structural parameters, the band structure, and the total and partial spin moments of these alloys.Furthermore, we computed the different optical properties, in detail.Our calculations indicate that, the ferromagnetic phase in the Cu₂MnAl structure is the most stable configuration for these alloys.The calculations using GGA and GGA + U methods have confirmed that Co₂HfPb is a half-metallic alloy.Anal. of the band structure and d. of states has confirmed that Co₂ HfAs alloys and exhibit ferromagnetic properties in GGA, LSDA, and GGA + U calculationsAddnl., the cobalt atoms significantly affect the magnetic behavior of these alloys, as demonstrated by their at. magnetic moments.Furthermore, the dielec. function and reflectivity coefficient curves reveal metallic behavior at very low energy levels.