Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Effective uterotonic agents are crucial for minimizing blood loss and maintaining hemodynamic stability during deliveries. Carbetocin has emerged as a promising alternative to oxytocin for preventing PPH, especially in high-risk pregnancies.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of carbetocin and oxytocin in controlling intraoperative blood loss, maintaining uterine tone, and reducing the need for additional uterotonics in women undergoing cesarean section (CS) with a high risk of PPH.

This prospective case-control study was conducted on 200 pregnant women at high risk for PPH undergoing CS after obtaining written informed consent. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups. Group I (n = 100) received injection carbetocin (100 µg IV), while Group II (n = 100) received injection oxytocin (10 IU IV in 500 mL normal saline). The hemodynamic parameters of the participants, uterine tone, blood loss, and the need for additional uterotonics were recorded and analyzed.

Carbetocin significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss, with 81 participants (81%) in the carbetocin group experiencing blood loss less than 500 mL compared to 54 participants (54%) in the oxytocin group. The need for additional uterotonics was significantly lower in the carbetocin group (13% vs. 43%; n = 100). Uterine tone was better in the carbetocin group both intraoperatively and two hours postoperatively (p < 0.0004), and the postoperative fall in hemoglobin was also less compared to the oxytocin group. Hemodynamic stability was maintained better in the carbetocin group, with fewer fluctuations in blood pressure.

Carbetocin was found to be more effective than oxytocin in managing high-risk cesarean deliveries, offering better control over intraoperative blood loss, maintaining uterine tone, and reducing the need for additional uterotonics. Its prolonged uterotonic effect and stable hemodynamic profile make it a superior choice for PPH prevention in CSs.

Glandular odontogenic cysts(GOC) are among the rarest odontogenic cysts defined by the presence of glandular epithelium in the epithelial lining posing some diagnostic difficulties. GOC associated with ameloblastoma is extremely rare with only 5 cases reported. This report deals with this rare occurrence of GOC along with unicystic ameloblastoma.

Oral cancer ranks as the 16th most prevalent form of cancer worldwide and is a significant concern in Southeast Asia, primarily due to the extensive use of tobacco. Chemokines contribute to a wide range of illness situations. This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemistry expression of CCL28 and its receptor CCR10 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and examine their relationship with tumor progression. This study retrospectively examined tissues of oral squamous cell carcinoma that were preserved by formalin fixation and paraffin embedding. The study includes two groups: Group I included 50 cases of OSCC with varying histological grades, whereas Group II comprised 50 samples of normal oral mucosa (NOM) obtained from healthy individuals who did not engage in any tobacco use. The cytoplasmic placement of the study groups allowed us to determine the expression patterns of CCL28 and CCR10. The study found a strong link between CCL28 and CCR10 immunohistochemical expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. There were big differences in the amount of CCR10 staining in the 96 cases that showed positive immunoexpression. This shows that these two molecules have a big impact on how OSCC acts biologically. Various stages of oral squamous cell carcinoma and healthy oral mucosa exhibited simultaneous expression of CCL28 and CCR10. In summary, we can utilize CCR10 and CCL28 co-expression, along with other biomarkers, to aid in the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).