Article
作者: Cornejo Valverde, Fernando ; Ferreira, Maria Julia ; Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni ; Novo, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão ; Junqueira, André Braga ; Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H ; Pauletto, Daniela ; Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Bruno ; Castilho, Carolina V ; Magalhães, José Leonardo Lima ; Silva, Natalino ; Camargo, José Luís ; Cardenas Revilla, Juan David ; do Amaral, Dário Dantas ; Carim, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga ; Hilário, Renato Richard ; Sabatier, Daniel ; de Souza, Jonas G ; Maezumi, Shira Y ; Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel ; Cárdenas López, Dairon ; Klitgaard, Bente ; Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela ; Ramos, José Ferreira ; Zent, Stanford ; Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade ; Vela, César I A ; Demarchi, Layon O ; Amaral, Iêda Leão ; Alonso, Alfonso ; Andrade, Ana ; Montero, Juan Carlos ; Rocha, Maira ; Brasil da Silva, Izaias ; Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda ; Cerón, Carlos ; Pereira, Luciana de Oliveira ; Alexiades, Miguel N ; Leal, Philipe R ; Marimon, Beatriz S ; Feldpausch, Ted R ; Tirado, Milton ; Coelho, Luiz de Souza ; Farias, Emanuelle de Sousa ; Galbraith, David ; Aragão, Luiz E O C ; Dallmeier, Francisco ; Licona, Juan Carlos ; Pardo Molina, Guido ; Rudas, Agustín ; Silveira, Marcos ; Ferreira, Leandro Valle ; Moreira, Guido A ; Pennington, Toby ; Duivenvoorden, Joost F ; Núñez Vargas, Percy ; Moraes, Claide de Paula ; Doza, Hilda Paulette Dávila ; Carpanedo, Rainiellen de Sá ; Baraloto, Chris ; Fuentes, Alfredo ; Fine, Paul V A ; Oliveira, Alexandre A ; Gribel, Rogerio ; Torres-Lezama, Armando ; de Toledo, José Julio ; Robinson, Mark ; Umaña, Maria Natalia ; Casas, Luisa Fernanda ; Holmgren, Milena ; Berenguer, Erika ; Kalamandeen, Michelle ; Mozombite Pinto, Linder Felipe ; Stropp, Juliana ; Barbosa, Edelcilio Marques ; Mogollón, Hugo F ; Farfan-Rios, William ; Guevara, Juan Ernesto ; Ometto, Jean P H B ; Vasquez, Rodolfo ; Lombardo, Umberto ; Laurance, Susan G W ; Peripato, Vinicius ; Sierra, Rodrigo ; Ríos Paredes, Marcos ; Magnusson, William E ; de Aguiar, Daniel P P ; Venticinque, Eduardo Martins ; Ramirez Arevalo, Fredy ; Brienen, Roel ; Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe ; Di Fiore, Anthony ; Ter Steege, Hans ; Rodrigues, Domingos de Jesus ; Schietti, Juliana ; de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante ; Mestre, Mickaël ; Henkel, Terry W ; Petronelli, Pascal ; Zartman, Charles Eugene ; Neill, David ; Bánki, Olaf S ; Engel, Julien ; de Assis, Mauro L R ; Correa, Diego F ; Chave, Jerome ; Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire ; de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida ; Molino, Jean-François ; Villarroel, Daniel ; Dávila, Nállarett ; de Noronha, Janaína da Costa ; Cárdenas, Sasha ; Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto ; Assis, Rafael L ; Prieto, Adriana ; van Andel, Tinde R ; Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira ; Iriarte, José ; Guedes, Marcelino Carneiro ; Fonty, Émile ; Mesones, Italo ; Phillips, Oliver L ; Quaresma, Adriano Costa ; Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo ; Palacios Cuenca, Walter ; Garcia-Cabrera, Karina ; Gamerman, Dani ; Lopes, Maria Aparecida ; Householder, John Ethan ; de Almeida, Fernando O ; Costa, Flávia R C ; Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás ; Wittmann, Florian ; Casula, Katia Regina ; Tamanaha, Eduardo K ; Cano, Angela ; da Silva, Adriana M ; Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur ; Thomas, Raquel ; Zárate Gómez, Ricardo ; Lozada, José Rafael ; de Queiroz, Helder Lima ; Peñuela Mora, Maria Cristina ; van der Heijden, Geertje ; Vilanova Torre, Emilio ; Vos, Vincent Antoine ; Silman, Miles R ; Terborgh, John ; Campanharo, Wesley A ; Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa ; Sousa, Thaiane R ; Costa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa ; Martins, Maria Pires ; Arroyo, Luzmila ; Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro ; Guimarães, José Renan da Silva ; Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo ; Peres, Carlos A ; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau ; Mostacedo, Bonifacio ; Vriesendorp, Corine ; Aymard C, Gerardo A ; Schöngart, Jochen ; Braga, José R G ; Villa Zegarra, Boris Eduardo ; Draper, Freddie C ; Barlow, Jos ; Irume, Mariana Victória ; Mendoza, Casimiro ; Pansini, Susamar ; Comiskey, James A ; Jimenez, Eliana M ; Trindade, Thiago B ; Marcelo-Peña, José Luis ; de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula ; Flores, Bernardo Monteiro ; Castellanos, Hernán ; Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti ; Baider, Cláudia ; Honorio Coronado, Euridice N ; Milliken, William ; Stevenson, Pablo R ; Lima Filho, Diogenes de Andrade ; Carrero Márquez, Yrma Andreina ; Pitman, Nigel C A ; Cassol, Henrique L G ; Maas, Paul ; García-Villacorta, Roosevelt ; Barbosa, Flávia Rodrigues ; Parada, Germaine Alexander ; Ferreira, Cid ; Gallardo Gonzales, George Pepe ; Lobo, Guilherme ; Malhi, Yadvinder ; Rincón, Lorena M ; Gonzales, Therany ; Ruschel, Ademir R ; Ferreira, Joice ; Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca ; Laurance, William F ; Lopes, Aline ; Balslev, Henrik ; Zent, Egleé L ; de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia ; von Hildebrand, Patricio ; Gomes, Vitor H F ; Luize, Bruno Garcia ; Killeen, Timothy J ; Coelho de Souza, Fernanda ; Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma ; de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos ; Zagt, Roderick ; Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni ; Hamblin, Michelle ; Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães ; Salomão, Rafael P ; Levis, Carolina ; Baker, Tim R ; Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto ; Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis ; Hoffman, Bruce ; Tello, J Sebastián ; Feeley, Kenneth J ; Mendonça Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo ; Daly, Doug ; Hernandez, Lionel ; Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez ; Phillips, Juan Fernando ; Damasco, Gabriel
Indigenous societies are known to have occupied the Amazon basin for more than 12,000 years, but the scale of their influence on Amazonian forests remains uncertain. We report the discovery, using LIDAR (light detection and ranging) information from across the basin, of 24 previously undetected pre-Columbian earthworks beneath the forest canopy. Modeled distribution and abundance of large-scale archaeological sites across Amazonia suggest that between 10,272 and 23,648 sites remain to be discovered and that most will be found in the southwest. We also identified 53 domesticated tree species significantly associated with earthwork occurrence probability, likely suggesting past management practices. Closed-canopy forests across Amazonia are likely to contain thousands of undiscovered archaeological sites around which pre-Columbian societies actively modified forests, a discovery that opens opportunities for better understanding the magnitude of ancient human influence on Amazonia and its current state.