Universidad Europea de Madrid SAU

Thoracic surgeries are frequent and pulmonary rehabilitation is essential, since one of the problems that these patients present is dyspnea when performing aerobic exercise, which limits improvement and in some cases causes them to abandon physical exercise. Thanks to carrying out a correct effort retraining program, combining respiratory physiotherapy with therapeutic exercise, patients with respiratory pathologies manage to improve lung capacity and ventilatory mechanics, increase muscle strength and aerobic resistance, prevent long- term complications, reduce fatigue and, ultimately, improve your quality of life.
Likewise, it is important to find the most appropriate type of muscular work that produces more benefits in the short and medium term to optimize our resources.The objective of the study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of eccentric training in patients who have undergone thoracic surgery, in terms of strength, lung capacity, functionality and quality of health in the short and medium term.
For this purpose, a randomized clinical trial has been designed, with a blinded examiner, following the CONSORT guideline for clinical trials and the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. A total sample of 57 subjects has been estimated. The study is aimed at patients after scheduled thoracic surgery. A program of 12 group sessions spread over 4 weeks will be carried out. Each of them will last 75 minutes and will include strength and respiratory physiotherapy exercises, common to all subjects.
Aerobic interval training will depend on the group assigned: treadmill with negative slope (experimental group), treadmill with positive slope (control group 1) or cycle ergometer (control group 2). On the first and last day of treatment, as well as one month after completing the intervention, the following variables will be measured: thickness, cross-sectional area and ultrasound intensity of the rectus femoris; diaphragmatic excursion and thickness; 6 minute walk test; Borg scale; maximum respiratory pressures; sit-to-stand test; grip strength in both hands; spirometric assessment of FEV1 and SF-12 health quality questionnaire. a

The effects of endocrine disruptors (EDs) are well known. Therefore, the aim of this observational study is to analyse saliva samples from volunteers who request a bruxism splint, before, during and after fitting, to find out whether they are assimilated by the body, answering the following questions:
Do Michigan-type splints release endocrine disruptors or substances of particular concern?
In what concentration are they present in saliva?
Participants will be asked to take saliva samples at different times over a period of 6 months. This will also be accompanied by the relevant clinical and oral history. A previous in vitro study is required, which is complemented by an in vivo study. The methodology is new in dentistry: super solvents which, combined with liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (LC-HRMS), allows a wider range of substances to be detected, in a more ecological and simpler way, as they are not organic solvents derived from petroleum. The splint is chosen because it is an everyday treatment, which is increasingly in demand, especially after the pandemic. It is subdivided into two types, depending on the method of manufacture: injected and printed (more ecofriendly).