A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial for Measuring the Impact of Tipping Point - an Intervention Addressing Child Marriage in Selected District of Bangladesh

This study evaluates whether an intervention, namely Tipping Point (TP), can reduce child marriage and increase decision making capability among the adolescent girls in rural areas. This is a cluster randomized controlled trial with three intervention arms - full TP package, light TP package (differs from the full TP only in terms of the intensity of the social norms change component) and control. The study is being conducted in Pirgacha sub district of Rangpur district in Bangladesh. A 18-month intervention will be in place after completion of the baseline survey and the endline survey will be conducted 18 months after the intervention completion. This design will allow the investigators to measure the impact of full TP intervention, light TP intervention and the emphasized social norms change.

开始日期2018-10-22

申办/合作机构

International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh

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2024-02-19·European Journal of Politics and Gender

Gender-transformative action, social norms and economic empowerment

作者: Berryhill, Alex ; Cookson, Tara Patricia ; Fuentes, Lorena ; Carlitz, Ruth

Feminist advocacy for ‘gender transformative’ approaches to development, public policy and humanitarian action that account for social norms has surged in recent years. This article intervenes in the debate around norms and implications for transformative approaches. We draw on a unique set of quantitative, global ‘gender data’ collected in 2020 and 2021 and examine how social norms inform women’s experiences of economic empowerment, as well as how these relationships map onto the current debates around interventions to address social norms and the form these interventions ought to take. Our data show that social norms matter for access to and control over resources; in addition, they illustrate that an individual belief in gender equality is fairly common around the world but that such individual beliefs frequently do not coincide with what people think their neighbours believe. These findings suggest a need for consideration of factors beyond individual attitudes towards and beliefs in gender-transformative interventions for women’s economic empowerment.

2017-01-01·Development Policy Review

Women's and Health Workers’ Voices in Open, Inclusive Communities and Effective Spaces (VOICES): Measuring Governance Outcomes in Reproductive and Maternal Health Programmes

作者: Grant, Carolyn ; Cavatore, Maria ; Sebert Kuhlmann, Anne K. ; Posnock, Samuel ; Galavotti, Christine ; Gullo, Sara

Given the growing popularity of the social accountability approach to governance, we developed and tested measures of governance outcomes to evaluate maternal and reproductive health social accountability interventions. We articulate a theory of change for how CARE's Community Score Card©, a social accountability approach, 1) empowers women, 2) empowers health workers and 3) creates expanded, inclusive and effective spaces for the two to interact. Our measures worked well in surveys of women and health workers. For women, eight of 13 scales had alphas ≥.70. For health workers, five of 11 scales were ≥.70; four were .60–.69. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to develop comprehensive measures of governance outcomes to evaluate a social accountability approach for maternal and reproductive health.

Increased Social Power Among Community-Based Skilled Birth Attendants: An Evaluation of a Frontline Health Workers Intervention

作者: Islam, Ahsansul ; Laterra, Anne ; Khandaker, Ikhtiar ; Khan, Mahmud ; Curry, Dora ; Sarker, Bidhan

AbstractBackground: This paper assesses the effects of the Skilled Health Entrepreneur (SHE) program in Sylhet District, Bangladesh. The SHE program prepared community-based skilled birth attendants (SBAs) known as SHEs. The SHEs offered safe home-based delivery and the program incorporated activities deliberately designed to increase the power of the SHE in their social context. That project design assumed that increased independence and agency could make the SHEs more effective in serving their clients and support positive norms change about women's role in the community. This analysis will examine whether the SHE program increased the social power of the community women who became SBAs. Methods: 252 SHEs completed quantitative questionnaires covering their socio-demographic characteristics, professional activities, income, and decision-making in the home. The program administered the questionnaires shortly after induction into the program and at the conclusion of the program. The data represent short panel data with observations of 252 individuals at two points in time. This analysis uses a fixed-effects panel analysis of change from beginning to end of the program.Results: SHEs earned 7659.78 takas (or roughly 90 USD) more per month at the endline than at the baseline, in the context of an average annual household income in Bangladesh of approximately 600 USD. (CECI, 2016) The SHEs' professional engagement increased from an average of 10.41 presentations given per reporting period to one of 16.10. The proportion of SHEs making decisions independently increased on three out of three decision-making items: seeking healthcare for herself, seeking healthcare for her children and use of contraception. The endline combined social power score was 8.65, compared to a baseline of 6.18. All results were statistically significant.Conclusions: The design of this intervention meaningfully increased agency, income, and professional engagement among the SHEs. These changes occurred in the context of a project that also successfully improved maternal health outcomes. Such models can improve health outcomes while shifting gendered power dynamics by investing this cadre of resident women with increased agency, recognition, and wealth.

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