The 2024 Optica Imaging Congress showcased the latest advances in Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging (COSI), highlighting innovations in various fields including microscopy, tomographic imaging, and computational photography. This feature issue, compiled from the meeting, includes 36 selected papers covering new imaging techniques, algorithmic breakthroughs, and machine learning-driven approaches for optical imaging and sensing. From learning-based reconstructions to hardware-accelerated imaging, these works demonstrate significant progress in efficiency, accuracy, and applicability. This collection aims to serve as a resource for researchers and inspire future developments in computational imaging and sensing.