更新于：2024-04-01

Deficiency Diseases

缺乏疾病

更新于：2024-04-01

基本信息

别名

Deficiency Disease、Deficiency Diseases、Deficiency diseases

+ [10]

简介

A condition produced by dietary or metabolic deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)

关联

108

项与缺乏疾病相关的药物

Sotatercept

靶点

activin receptor

作用机制

ACVR2A调节剂 [+1]

在研机构

Acceleron Pharma, Inc. [+11]

原研机构

Acceleron Pharma, Inc.

在研适应症

肺动脉高压 [+9]

非在研适应症

晚期非小细胞肺癌 [+15]

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批国家/地区

美国

首次获批日期2024-03-26

Burosumab-TWZA

布罗索尤单抗

靶点

FGF23

作用机制

FGF23拮抗剂

在研机构

Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd. [+4]

原研机构

Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.

在研适应症

FGF23阳性低磷血症 [+5]

非在研适应症

慢性疼痛 [+2]

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批国家/地区

欧盟 [+3]

首次获批日期2018-02-19

Cyanocobalamin/Vitamin B6/Thiamine Chloride Hydrochloride

维生素B12/维生素B6/盐酸硫胺素

靶点

MUT

作用机制

MUT刺激剂

在研机构

Aflofarm Farmacja Polska SP zoo

原研机构

Aflofarm Farmacja Polska SP zoo

在研适应症

维生素B12缺乏症 [+2]

非在研适应症-

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批国家/地区

波兰

首次获批日期2016-01-03

2,562

项与缺乏疾病相关的临床试验

NCT06046703 / Not yet recruitingN/A

Diet Quality of Pregnant Women With a Strict Plant-based Diet Versus an Omnivorous Diet: a Focus on Vitamin B12 Intake and Other Nutritional and Pregnancy-related Outcomes

The goal of this observational study is to compare the nutritional intake among pregnant women with a strict plant-based diet versus an omnivorous diet.
The main aim is to compare vitamin B12 intake.
Participants will be asked to:
fill out a health questionnaire
fill out a three-day food diary
undergo blood sampling Researchers will compare pregnant women with a strict plant-based diet and pregnant women with an omnivorous diet to see if their nutritional intake is comparable.

开始日期2025-01-01

申办/合作机构

Maastricht University Medical Center

NCT06199102 / Not yet recruitingN/AIIT

The High Initial Dose of Monitored Vitamin D Supplementation in Preterm Infants. A Randomized Controlled Study.

The aim of this study will be to assess the effectiveness of monitored vit D supplementation in a population of preterm infants and to identify whether the proper vit D supplementation in preterm infants can reduce the incidence of neonatal sepsis and incidence of metabolic bone disease.

开始日期2024-09-01

申办/合作机构

Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny

NCT06258850 / Not yet recruiting临床4期

REstoration With Calcifediol of VItamin D Deficiency in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Patients

Background. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a heterogeneous pathophysiological condition characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular narrowing that ultimately results in right-sided heart failure and eventually death or lung transplantation. The effectiveness of current pharmacological treatments is suboptimal and a large proportion of patients still had events or died despite receiving combination therapy. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to be much more frequent in PAH patients than in the general population or even compared to patients with other severe cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency has a negative prognostic impact in PAH. Animal studies support that vitamin D deficiency worsens PAH.
Hypothesis. In patients with PAH and vitamin D deficiency, restoration of vitamin D status with calcifediol improves their symptomatology and prognosis.
Design: Multicenter clinical trial with the participation of 9 hospitals, placebo-controlled, randomized (1:1 ratio), in two parallel groups (without crossover), triple blind, and add-on on existing treatments (add-on). It will include at least 102 subjects (51 in the calcifediol group and 51 in the placebo group) followed for 24 weeks of treatment.
Inclusion criteria: Patients of both sexes (18-75 years) with hemodynamic diagnosis of PAH and severe vitamin D deficiency (25-OHvitD <= 12 ng/ml) and without previous diagnosis of osteoporosis or osteomalacia.
Treatments: 1) Calcifediol Hydroferol® 0.266 mg once every 10 days for the first 12 weeks and once every two weeks for the following 12 weeks. 2) Placebo.
Main objective: A composite endpoint of clinical improvement without clinical worsening at week 24.
Expected outcome: Restoration of vitamin D status is an unexpensive measure, very easily implantable and that could improve the evolution of the disease as well as other aspects such as bone or immune health and that has few side effects.

开始日期2024-07-01

申办/合作机构

Consorci Mar Parc de Salut de Barcelona

[+7]

100 项与缺乏疾病相关的临床结果

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100 项与缺乏疾病相关的转化医学

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0 项与缺乏疾病相关的专利（医药）

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100,063

项与缺乏疾病相关的文献（医药）

2024-12-01·The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male

The association of prealbumin, transferrin, and albumin with immunosenescence among elderly males.

Article

作者: Ren-Dan Zhang ; Shi-Qin Jiang ; Feng-Juan Yan ; Lei Ruan ; Cun-Tai Zhang ; Xiao-Qing Quan

OBJECTIVE:

As people get older, the innate and acquired immunity of the elderly are affected, resulting in immunosenescence. Prealbumin (PAB), transferrin (TRF), and albumin (ALB) are commonly used markers to monitor protein energy malnutrition (PEM). However, their relationship with the immune system has not been fully explored.

METHODS:

In our study, a total of 93 subjects (≥65 years) were recruited from Tongji Hospital between January 2015 and February 2017. According to the serum levels of these proteins (PAB, TRF, and ALB), we divided the patients into the high serum protein group and the low serum protein group. Then, we compared the percent expression of lymphocyte subsets between two groups.

RESULTS:

All the low serum protein groups (PAB, TRF, and ALB) had significant decreases in the percentage of CD4+ cells, CD3⁺CD28⁺ cells, CD4⁺CD28⁺ cells and significant increases in the percentage of CD8⁺ cells, CD8⁺CD28^- cells. PAB, TRF, and ALB levels revealed positive correlations with CD4/CD8 ratio, proportions of CD4⁺ cells, CD3⁺CD28⁺ cells, CD4⁺CD28⁺ cells, and negative correlation with proportions of CD8⁺ cells, CD8⁺CD28^- cells.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study suggested PAB, TRF, and ALB could be used as immunosenescence indicators. PEM might accelerate the process of immunosenescence in elderly males.

2024-12-01·Applied microbiology and biotechnology

Role of folic acid in regulating gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids based on an in vitro fermentation model.

Article

作者: Xiaogu Zheng ; Chenlan Xia ; Manman Liu ; Hongchen Wu ; Jiaqian Yan ; Zihao Zhang ; Yingjie Huang ; Qing Gu ; Ping Li

Folic acid deficiency is common worldwide and is linked to an imbalance in gut microbiota. However, based on model animals used to study the utilization of folic acid by gut microbes, there are challenges of reproducibility and individual differences. In this study, an in vitro fecal slurry culture model of folic acid deficiency was established to investigate the effects of supplementation with 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) and non-reduced folic acid (FA) on the modulation of gut microbiota. 16S rRNA sequencing results revealed that both FA (29.7%) and MTHF (27.9%) supplementation significantly reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes compared with control case (34.3%). MTHF supplementation significantly improved the relative abundance of Firmicutes by 4.49%. Notably, compared with the control case, FA and MTHF supplementation promoted an increase in fecal levels of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Pediococcus. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis showed that folic acid supplementation decreased acetate levels and increased fermentative production of isobutyric acid. The in vitro fecal slurry culture model developed in this study can be utilized as a model of folic acid deficiency in humans to study the gut microbiota and demonstrate that exogenous folic acid affects the composition of the gut microbiota and the level of SCFAs. KEY POINTS: • Establishment of folic acid deficiency in an in vitro culture model. • Folic acid supplementation regulates intestinal microbes and SCFAs. • Connections between microbes and SCFAs after adding folic acid are built.

2024-06-01·IBRO neuroscience reports

Correlation between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and Parkinson's disease.

Article

作者: Ming Xia ; Qingjiu Zhou

Background:

Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that Parkinson's disease (PD) patients have lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations than controls. Other studies have not yet tested whether research findings from other regions are generalizable to Chinese populations. In this case-control study, we examined the correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Parkinson's disease.

Methods:

We established an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and PD in a case-control study of 100 PD patients and 100 control subjects free of neurological disease at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.

Results:

Total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were deficient in 21 % of patients with PD compared with 4 % of controls. In univariate analyses, plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were associated with PD (p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was significantly associated with PD (p = 0.008, Odds Ratio =17.13, 95 % CI= 2.082-141.075). Individuals with 25(OH)D levels in the lowest quartile had the highest prevalence of PD (p = 0.026, OR=11.786, 95 % CI =1.342-103.51 compared to individuals with values in the highest quartile).

Conclusions:

Our study reveals an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PD. Patients with incident PD had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations than age-matched controls. High-risk PD patients with vitamin D deficiency who have not yet developed exercise impairment should undergo vitamin D measurement and any necessary treatment as soon as possible. Limitations of the study: the study needs further assessment of populations with low vitamin D levels in other regions of China; further assessment of the effect of different sources of vitamin D on PD; further study of longitudinal cohorts at different time points.

963

项与缺乏疾病相关的新闻（医药）

2024-03-30

·生物探索

Science Signaling | 王光辉/任海刚/方明/韩俊海揭示了葡萄糖神经酰胺积聚诱导神经炎症的潜在机制

引言编码溶酶体葡萄糖脑苷脂酶(GCase)的基因突变是戈谢病(GD)的原因，被认为是帕金森病(PD)和路易体痴呆(LBD)最强的遗传危险因素。GCase缺乏导致细胞中葡萄糖神经酰胺(GCs)的大量积累，并通过引发慢性神经炎症导致GD、PD和LBD的神经病理。2024年3月26日，苏州大学王光辉、任海刚、东南大学方明及韩俊海共同通讯在Science Signaling 在线发表题为”Glucosylceramide accumulation in microglia triggers STING-dependent neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in mice“的研究论文（该研究被选为当期封面文章），该研究探索了GC积聚诱导神经炎症的机制。该研究发现，GCase药物抑制诱导的GC在小胶质细胞内积累引发STING依赖性炎症，从而导致体外和体内神经元损失。GC在小胶质细胞中的积累诱导线粒体DNA (mtDNA)渗漏到细胞质中，从而引发STING依赖性炎症。雷帕霉素是一种促进溶酶体活性的化合物，可改善线粒体功能，从而减少STING信号传导。此外，GC积累引起的溶酶体损伤导致活化的STING降解缺陷，进一步加剧了小胶质细胞介导的炎症。因此，限制STING活性可能是抑制GCase缺乏引起的神经炎症的一种策略。葡萄糖脑苷脂酶(GCase)由GBA1基因编码，是一种溶酶体酶，可将葡萄糖神经酰胺(GC)水解为神经酰胺和葡萄糖。GBA1突变引起的GCase缺乏与戈谢病(GD)有关，戈谢病是最常见的溶酶体储存疾病。值得注意的是，在单个GBA突变的个体或一些I型GD患者中，患帕金森病(PD)和路易体痴呆(DLB)的风险增加。此外，在没有GBA1突变的散发性PD患者中观察到GCase缺乏，进一步表明GCase缺乏与PD之间存在关联。一些研究表明，低GCase活性与PD神经元中α-突触核蛋白(α-syn)聚集有关。GCase缺乏导致神经元中GCs的病理性积累，导致α-syn聚集，进而通过损害GCase从内质网(ER)到溶酶体的细胞内运输破坏GCase的功能。GCase缺乏诱导神经元损伤，但GCase参与神经炎症的机制尚不清楚。最近，对果蝇的研究表明，神经胶质GCase负责神经元产生的GCs的降解。神经胶质细胞缺乏GCase可导致神经元和神经胶质功能障碍，提示神经胶质GCase在鞘脂分解代谢和神经元稳态中起关键作用。最近来自小鼠大脑的单细胞测序数据表明，小胶质细胞而不是神经元表现出Gba1基因的表达增加。使用正电子发射断层扫描(PET)也在GBA1突变患者的中脑中检测到小胶质细胞激活。值得注意的是，小胶质细胞中Gba1基因的条件缺失会诱导神经炎症和神经变性。GCase缺乏导致的GC积累已被确定为小胶质细胞激活的驱动因素，在GD小鼠模型中加剧了神经病理学。然而，GC积聚在小胶质细胞中引起神经炎症的具体分子机制尚未阐明。小鼠葡萄糖脑苷脂酶缺乏导致脂质依赖性小胶质细胞激活和皮质神经元的损失，这可以通过抑制STING信号传导来预防。这可能是戈谢病增加患帕金森病风险的一种方式，也是降低这种风险的一种策略。图片是小胶质细胞的彩色扫描电子显微照片（Credit: Science Signaling）越来越多的证据表明，神经炎症与GD、PD和DLB的神经病理之间存在关联。在中枢神经系统(CNS)中，小胶质细胞在引发神经炎症中起着关键作用。环鸟苷单磷酸腺苷(cGAMP)合成酶(cGAS)干扰素基因刺激因子(STING)介导炎症，已成为各种神经退行性疾病和自身免疫性疾病发病机制中的重要因素。众所周知，cGAS-STING通路在宿主防御病毒感染中的作用，并被细胞质双链DNA (dsDNA)激活。然而，在病理条件下，如在衰老和神经退行性疾病中，cGAS也可以感知来自细胞核或线粒体的自身DNA，导致STING信号通路的激活，并参与慢性神经炎症。模式图（Credit: Science Signaling）激活后，cGAS检测胞质DNA并产生cGAMP, cGAMP反过来激活STING。激活的STING招募并激活TANK结合激酶1 (TBK1)，通过干扰素调节因子3 (IRF3)的磷酸化导致I型干扰素(IFN)基因和促炎细胞因子的表达。值得注意的是，为了防止过度激活炎症反应，激活的STING通过自噬在溶酶体中迅速降解。在神经退行性疾病中，STING与小胶质细胞激活有关。该研究检测了GCase缺乏引起的GC积累是否对小鼠的STING信号、神经炎症和随后的神经退行性变有影响。该研究发现，GCase缺乏导致的GC积累诱导了小胶质细胞线粒体DNA (mtDNA)的释放和STING信号通路的激活，同时还损害了STING的线粒体自噬和溶酶体降解，这些都引发了神经退行性炎症，通过抑制STING或恢复溶酶体功能可以逆转这种炎症。因此，STING抑制剂可能是减少GCase缺乏相关神经炎症的一种方法。原文链接https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scisignal.adk8249责编|探索君排版|探索君文章来源|“iNature”End往期精选围观一文读透细胞死亡(Cell Death) | 24年Cell重磅综述（长文收藏版）热文Nature | 破除传统：为何我们需要重新思考肿瘤的命名方式热文Nature | 2024年值得关注的七项技术热文Nature | 自身免疫性疾病能被治愈吗？科学家们终于看到了希望热文CRISPR技术进化史 | 24年Cell综述

核酸药物

2024-03-29

·Pharmaceutical Technology

China NMPA accepts Astellas’ sBLA for urothelial cancer treatment

Astellas Pharma’s enfortumab vedotin is a Nectin-4- targeted antibody-drug conjugate. Credit: BalkansCat / Shutterstock.com. The Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) of the China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) has accepted Astellas Pharma ’s supplemental biologics license application (sBLA) for enfortumab vedotin plus KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) for urothelial cancer. This combination therapy is aimed at treating adult patients with previously untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (la/mUC). Enfortumab vedotin is a targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) directed against the Nectin-4 protein. The potential approval for the combination regimen could revolutionise the standard of care for first-line la/mUC, offering an alternative to the platinum-containing chemotherapy that is currently administered. The sBLA is based on the data from the randomised, open-label, controlled Phase III EV-302 clinical trial, also known as KEYNOTE-A39. See Also: Arvinas gets grant for treatment of prostate cancer with specific compounds Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical gets grant for injectable composition of testosterone undecanoate for testosterone deficiency treatment This study compared enfortumab vedotin in combination with pembrolizumab to platinum-containing chemotherapy in 886 patients. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were the trial’s primary outcomes. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR), and safety profiles. The results demonstrated that the combination of enfortumab vedotin with pembrolizumab significantly improved OS and PFS, with meaningful clinical outcomes when compared to the standard chemotherapy regimen. The safety profile of the combination therapy was in line with prior reports without any new safety concerns identified. In addition to the CDE’s review, the NMPA is considering enfortumab vedotin as a treatment option for la/mUC patients who have previously undergone therapy with a PD-1/L1 inhibitor and platinum-based chemotherapy. Parallelly, the European Medicines Agency’s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) and Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) are also reviewing the combination regimen. In December last year, the US Food and Drug Administration granted approval for this combination therapy . Astellas Oncology Development head and senior vice-president Ahsan Arozullah said: “Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer is a life-threatening condition in China with nearly half of those diagnosed succumbing to the disease. “The CDE’s acceptance of our sBLA for enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab brings us one step closer to delivering a much-needed, innovative new treatment option for this patient population.”

临床结果临床3期上市批准抗体药物偶联物

2024-03-27

·PRNewswire

Vitamin Shot Market to Reach US$ 988.4 Million by 2034 Amid Growing Awareness of Maintaining Nutrient Levels for Health

Vitamin shots are getting a shot in the arm. FMI predicts a booming market in India, China, and the US, driven by vitamin deficiencies and the growing desire for radiant skin. The report goes beyond the trend to analyze what's fueling this growth, including potential roadblocks and exciting opportunities. It even equips you with investment insights and strategic decision-making tools to capitalize on this flourishing market. NEWARK, Del., March 27, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- According to Future Market Insights (FMI), the vitamin shot market is set to be valued at US$ 619.8 million in 2024 and reach US$ 988.4 million by 2034. The market is anticipated to surge at a CAGR of 4.8% in the forecast period from 2024 to 2034. Download the Sample PDF report to explore key market insights and trends: The vitamin shot industry is experiencing growth due to several influencing factors. There is a surging awareness of the importance of maintaining optimal nutrient levels for health and well-being. Several people recognize that their diets may not always provide sufficient amounts of essential vitamins and minerals. This leads them to seek out alternative methods of supplementation. Busy lifestyles and high levels of stress have become commonplace in modern society, often resulting in poor dietary habits and nutrient deficiencies. As a result, individuals are turning to vitamin shots as a convenient and efficient way to quickly replenish their nutrient levels and support their health. The rise of wellness culture and the increasing popularity of holistic health practices have contributed to the growing demand for vitamin shots. People are increasingly seeking out natural and alternative remedies to support their health, and vitamin injections align with this trend. Scope of the Vitamin Shot Market Report Key Takeaways from the Report: The global vitamin shot market increased at a CAGR of 4.3% during the historical period from 2019 to 2023. The United States will likely surge at a CAGR of 4.0% in the forecast period. India is estimated to witness a CAGR of around 4.5% from 2024 to 2034. Germany is anticipated to exhibit a CAGR of 4.3% through 2034. Japan will likely grow at a CAGR of 4.4% in the estimated period. "Increasing demand for on-the-go options to obtain daily doses of vitamins quickly without the need for pills is set to create new opportunities in the market. Key companies are focusing on making new shots with clean-label, natural ingredients to cater to the high demand for zero-preservative products," says Nandini Roy Choudhury (Client Partner for Food & Beverages at Future Market Insights, Inc.). Competitive Landscape Leading companies in the global vitamin shot market are focusing on launching new products to cater to the high demand from their consumer base. They are investing in research & development activities to discover innovative products and broaden their existing product lines. For instance, In February 2024, Cadila Pharmaceuticals launched Aqueous Vitamin D Injection to cure the deficiency of vitamin D. An injectable shot of vitamin C was introduced in June 2022 by BEE & YOU, a company that specializes in natural bee products. The product is made with organic certified bee products. Key Players: AdvaCare Pharma Pfizer Vitana X Vitalounge House of Bratz Reviv Sriya Zeon biotech SKG Caring health SwisscheM Empower Pharmacy Kexing Pharma American Regent Purchase now and gain full access to the Vitamin Shot Industry report, featuring comprehensive Market Forecast, Company Share Analysis, Competition Intelligence, DROT Analysis, Market Dynamics and Challenges, and Strategic Growth Initiatives. Get More Valuable Insights Future Market Insights (FMI), in its new offering, provides an unbiased analysis of the global vitamin shot market, presenting historical demand data (2019 to 2023) and forecast statistics for the period from 2024 to 2034. The global vitamin shot market is segmented by type (vitamin A injection, vitamin B injection, vitamin C injection, vitamin D injection, and vitamin blend injection), application (injectable vitamin shots and oral vitamin shots), nature (synthetic and natural), and region. About the Food & Beverage Division at Future Market Insights (FMI) Expert analysis, actionable insights, and strategic recommendations – the Food & Beverage team at Future Market Insights (FMI) helps clients from all over the globe with their unique business intelligence needs. With a repertoire of over 1,000 reports and 1 million+ data points, the team has analyzed the food & beverage industry lucidly in 50+ countries for over a decade. The team provides end-to-end research and consulting services; reach out to explore how we can help. About the Author: Nandini Roy Choudhury (Client Partner for Food & Beverages at Future Market Insights, Inc.) has 7+ years of management consulting experience. She advises industry leaders and explores off-the-eye opportunities and challenges. She puts processes and operating models in place to support their business objectives. She has exceptional analytical skills and often brings thought leadership to the table. Nandini has vast functional expertise in key niches, including but not limited to food ingredients, nutrition & health solutions, animal nutrition, and marine nutrients. She is also well-versed in the pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, retail, and chemical sectors, where she advises market participants to develop methodologies and strategies that deliver results. Another feather to her cap manifests in the form of process automation. She is vocal about bringing automation to the fore to bring a 360-degrees-round revolution in manufacturing sector. Her core expertise lies in corporate growth strategy, sales and marketing effectiveness, acquisitions and post-merger integration and cost reduction. Nandini has an MBA in Finance from MIT School of Business. She also holds a Bachelor's Degree in Electrical Engineering from Nagpur University, India. Nandini has authored several publications, and quoted in journals including Beverage Industry, Bloomberg, and Wine Industry Advisor. Explore FMI's Extensive Coverage in the Food and Beverage Domain: Prenatal Vitamin Supplement Market Analysis by Confectionery Products and Pharmaceutical Products from 2024 to 2034. – Review and Request to Access the Sample Report. Natural Source Vitamin E Market by Type, Application & Region | Forecast 2022 to 2032. - Review and Request to Access the Sample Report. Vitamin C Ingredients Market by Natural and Synthetic Sources, 2023-2033. - Review and Request to Access the Sample Report. Vitamin D Ingredients Market by Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3 Ingredients, Forecast, 2023-2033. - Review and Request to Access the Sample Report. Astaxanthin Market Analysis Based on Tablets, Soft Gel Capsules, Powder, and Liquid from 2024 to 2034. - Review and Request to Access the Sample Report. About Future Market Insights (FMI) Future Market Insights (FMI) is a leading market intelligence and consulting service provider, serving clients in over 150 countries. FMI is headquartered in Dubai and has delivery centers in the UK, the U.S., and India. FMI's latest market research reports and industry analysis help businesses navigate challenges and make critical decisions with confidence and clarity amidst breakneck competition. Our customized and syndicated market research reports deliver actionable insights that drive sustainable growth. A team of expert-led analysts at FMI continuously tracks emerging trends and events in a broad range of industries to ensure that our clients prepare for the evolving needs of their consumers. Contact Us Nandini Singh Sawlani Future Market Insights Inc. 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