4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) is a psychoactive substance with reportedly similar acute effects to both the prototypical empathogen 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) and the classic psychedelic substance psilocybin (contained in "magic, hallucinogenic mushrooms"). Pharmacologically, MDMA mainly releases serotonin (5-HT) via the serotonin transporter (SERT) and psilocybin mainly acts as direct agonist at 5-HT2A receptors. 2C-B interacts with both the 5-HT2A receptor and SERT which is in line with its reported mixed effects profile. However, scientific studies are lacking. There is an increased interest in psychiatric research on the therapeutic properties of MDMA and psilocybin and also on mixed empathogenic-psychedelic substances.

开始日期2023-08-16

申办/合作机构

Universitätsspital Basel

NL8813 / SuspendedN/AIIT

Sub(acute) Neuropsychopharmacological Profiling of 2C-B Versus Psilocybin

开始日期2021-08-04

申办/合作机构

Maastricht University

100 项与 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine 相关的临床结果

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100 项与 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine 相关的转化医学

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100 项与 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine 相关的专利（医药）

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580

项与 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine 相关的文献（医药）

2024-12-01·Neuropharmacology

The psychedelic drug DOI reduces heroin motivation by targeting 5-HT2A receptors in a heroin and alcohol co-use model

Article

作者: Olson, David E ; Peters, Jamie ; Heinsbroek, Jasper A ; Kregar, Nathaniel P ; Heinsbroek, Jasper A. ; Bonilla, Joel ; Giannotti, Giuseppe ; Olson, David E. ; Kregar, Nathaniel P.

There has been a recent renewed interest in the potential use of psychedelic drugs as therapeutics for certain neuropsychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders. The psychedelic drug 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models of opioid use disorder (OUD). Alcohol is commonly co-used in individuals with OUD, but preclinical models that recapitulate this comorbidity are lacking. We developed a polydrug model wherein male and female rats were allowed to self-administer intravenous heroin and oral alcohol (or saccharin control solution) over weeks of behavioral training, and then we conducted a series of progressive ratio tests to assess the animals' motivational state for heroin and alcohol. In this model, motivation for heroin is higher than alcohol, and DOI (0.4 mg/kg) administered prior to testing significantly reduced heroin motivation measured as the animals' break point, or maximum effort the animal is willing to expend to obtain a single infusion of heroin. The 5-HT2A receptor antagonist MDL 100,907 (0.3 mg/kg), but not the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB-242084 (0.5 mg/kg), blocked the therapeutic effect of DOI on heroin motivation. No significant effects on alcohol break points were observed, nor did MDL 100,907 or SB-242084 have any effect on break points on their own. These data support the view that psychedelic drugs like DOI may have therapeutic effects on opioid use in individuals with OUD and comorbid alcohol use, by acting as a 5-HT2A receptor agonist.

2024-10-01·Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Biological sex modulates the efficacy of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) to mitigate fentanyl demand

Article

作者: Garcia, Erik J ; McQueney, Alice J. ; McQueney, Alice J ; Garcia, Erik J.

BACKGROUNDOverdose deaths remain high for opioid use disorder, emphasizing the need to pursue innovative therapeutics. Classic psychedelic drugs that engage many monoamine receptors mitigate opioid use. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the preferential serotonin 5-HT_2AR agonist, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) could reduce the demand for fentanyl in a preclinical model of fentanyl self-administration.METHODSMale and female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 25-29) were implanted with indwelling jugular catheters and allowed to self-administer fentanyl (3.2μg/kg/infusion). Rats progressed to a novel low price twice within-session threshold procedure where rats sampled the lowest price twice before decreasing the dose of fentanyl by a ¼ log every 10minutes across 11 doses. Once stable, rats were pretreated with saline or DOI (0.01, 0.03, 1mg/kg). Fentanyl consumption was analyzed using an exponentiated demand function to extract the dependent variables, Q₀ and α.RESULTSMale and female rats acquired fentanyl self-administration in the lowest price twice within-session threshold procedure. DOI dose-dependently altered fentanyl intake such that 5-HT_2AR activation decreased Q₀ in female rats but increased Q₀ in male rats. For demand elasticity, DOI increased α in male rats but did not alter α in female rats. DOI did not alter inactive lever presses or latency.CONCLUSIONDOI reduces consumption at minimally constrained costs but did not affect the reinforcement value of fentanyl in female rats. Alternatively, DOI significantly reduced the reinforcement value of fentanyl in male rats. Biological sex alters the therapeutic efficacy of DOI and 5-HT_2AR activation sex-dependently alters opioid reinforcement.

2024-10-01·Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

Psilocybin and 2C-B at Encoding Distort Episodic Familiarity

Article

作者: Mason, Natasha L ; Doss, Manoj K ; Mallaroni, Pablo ; Ramaekers, Johannes G

BACKGROUNDAs research on psychedelics (hallucinogenic serotonin receptor 2A agonists) progresses, it is important to delineate the reliability of supposedly unique effects across this drug class. One such effect is how psychedelics impair the formation (i.e., encoding) of hippocampal-dependent recollections (retrieval of specific details) while potentially enhancing the encoding of cortical-dependent familiarity (a feeling of knowing that a stimulus has been previously experienced).METHODSIn a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-participants study (N = 20), we tested the acute effects of 2 distinct psychedelics, psilocybin and 2C-B, on the encoding of emotional episodic memories. During acute drug effects, participants viewed negative, neutral, and positive pictures. The following day (while sober), participants completed 2 separate memory tests for these pictures.RESULTSUsing computational models of memory confidence, we found trends for psilocybin and 2C-B at encoding to impair estimates of recollection that were supported by other measures/analyses. Surprisingly, psilocybin and 2C-B at encoding impaired estimates of familiarity, but these impairments were likely due to a misattribution of heightened familiarity, because both drugs at encoding selectively increased familiarity-based false alarms, especially for negative and positive stimuli. Psilocybin and 2C-B at encoding also tended to impair estimates of metamemory (understanding one's own memory) for negative and neutral memories but enhanced estimates of metamemory for positive memories, although these effects were less reliable in additional analyses.CONCLUSIONSDespite differences in their chemistry, pharmacology, and subjective effects, both psilocybin and 2C-B distorted episodic familiarity, suggesting a common neurocognitive mechanism across psychedelics that may drive other phenomena.

项与 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine 相关的新闻（医药）

2024-04-18

·BioSpace

Cybin Announces Publication of Research Manuscript in the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

- Publication explores structure-activity relationships (“SAR”) of a broad range of 2C-X analogs - - Innovative research led to the discovery of CYB210010, a potent and long-acting serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist with favorable pharmacokinetic properties - TORONTO--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Cybin Inc. (NYSE American:CYBN) (Cboe CA:CYBN) (“Cybin” or the “Company”), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company committed to revolutionizing mental healthcare by developing new and innovative next-generation psychedelic-based treatment options, today announced that its research manuscript, entitled “Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-substituted phenethylamines and the discovery of CYB210010: A potent, orally bioavailable and long-acting serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist,” has been published in the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, a prestigious bi-weekly peer-reviewed publication. “We are delighted that our research on phenethylamine serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonists was published in this important journal,” said Doug Drysdale, Chief Executive Officer of Cybin. “This study is an example of our expanding scope of innovative development work beyond our clinical tryptamine programs. This publication is a testament not only to our scientific leadership in the field of 5-HT2 receptor agonists, the receptor family believed to mediate the therapeutic effects of classic psychedelics, but also to the depth and breadth of our expertise as we continue to advance the study of the role of next-generation psychedelic-based treatment options for mental health and neurological disorders.” “In the past decade, there has been a revival of interest in serotonin (5-HT)-based psychedelics as pharmacotherapeutics for neuropsychiatric disorders,” said Geoff Varty, Ph.D., Head of R&D of Cybin. “Given the clinical potential of 2C-X phenethylamines, our studies explored the SARs of a broad range of 2C-X analogs, focusing on 4-thio derivatives, to identify novel 5-HT2 receptor ligands with unique pharmacodynamic (“PD”) and pharmacokinetic (“PK”) properties. We synthesized 39 proprietary 4-substituted-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamines and these phenethylamines were profiled for their ability to interact with the serotonin system and to induce psychedelic-like effects in preclinical models. This research led to the discovery of CYB210010, a potent and long-acting serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist with favorable PK and PD properties,” concluded Dr. Varty. Future investigations will focus on the development of CYB210010 and related molecules as novel therapeutics for psychiatric and neurological disorders with unmet needs. Click here to view the full publication. Title: Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-substituted phenethylamines and the discovery of CYB210010: A potent, orally bioavailable and long-acting serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist Authors: Geoff Varty, Clint Canal, Tina Mueller, Josh Hartsel, Richa Tyagi, Ken Avery, Mike Morgan, Amy Reichelt, Pradip Pathare, Erik Stang, Mike Palfreyman, Alex Nivorozhkin About Cybin Cybin is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company on a mission to create safe and effective psychedelic-based therapeutics to address the large unmet need for new and innovative treatment options for people who suffer from mental health conditions. Cybin’s goal of revolutionizing mental healthcare is supported by a network of world-class partners and internationally recognized scientists aimed at progressing proprietary drug discovery platforms, innovative drug delivery systems, and novel formulation approaches and treatment regimens. The Company is currently developing CYB003, a proprietary deuterated psilocybin analog for the treatment of major depressive disorder and CYB004, a proprietary deuterated DMT molecule for generalized anxiety disorder and has a research pipeline of investigational psychedelic-based compounds. Headquartered in Canada and founded in 2019, Cybin is operational in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Ireland. For company updates and to learn more about Cybin, visit or follow the team on X, LinkedIn, YouTube and Instagram. Cautionary Notes and Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this news release relating to the Company are forward-looking statements and are prospective in nature. Forward-looking statements are not based on historical facts, but rather on current expectations and projections about future events and are therefore subject to risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from the future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “may”, “should”, “could”, “intend”, “estimate”, “plan”, “anticipate”, “expect”, “believe” or “continue”, or the negative thereof or similar variations. Forward-looking statements in this news release include statements regarding the development of CYB210010; and the Company’s proprietary drug discovery platforms, innovative drug delivery systems, novel formulation approaches and treatment regimens for mental health conditions. These forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions and estimates of management of the Company at the time such statements were made. Actual future results may differ materially as forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance, or achievements of the Company to materially differ from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors, among other things, include: fluctuations in general macroeconomic conditions; fluctuations in securities markets; expectations regarding the size of the psychedelics market; the ability of the Company to successfully achieve its business objectives; plans for growth; political, social and environmental uncertainties; employee relations; the presence of laws and regulations that may impose restrictions in the markets where the Company operates; implications of disease outbreaks on the Company's operations; and the risk factors set out in each of the Company's management's discussion and analysis for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2023 and the Company’s annual information form for the year ended March 31, 2023, which are available under the Company's pro and with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on EDGAR at . Although the forward-looking statements contained in this news release are based upon what management of the Company believes, or believed at the time, to be reasonable assumptions, the Company cannot assure shareholders that actual results will be consistent with such forward-looking statements, as there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. Readers should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements and information contained in this news release. The Company assumes no obligation to update the forward-looking statements of beliefs, opinions, projections, or other factors, should they change, except as required by law. Cybin makes no medical, treatment or health benefit claims about Cybin’s proposed products. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Health Canada or other similar regulatory authorities have not evaluated claims regarding psilocybin, psychedelic tryptamine, tryptamine derivatives or other psychedelic compounds. The efficacy of such products has not been confirmed by approved research. There is no assurance that the use of psilocybin, psychedelic tryptamine, tryptamine derivatives or other psychedelic compounds can diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease or condition. Rigorous scientific research and clinical trials are needed. Cybin has not conducted clinical trials for the use of its proposed products. Any references to quality, consistency, efficacy and safety of potential products do not imply that Cybin verified such in clinical trials or that Cybin will complete such trials. If Cybin cannot obtain the approvals or research necessary to commercialize its business, it may have a material adverse effect on Cybin’s performance and operations. Neither the Cboe Canada, nor the NYSE American LLC stock exchange have approved or disapproved the contents of this news release and are not responsible for the adequacy and accuracy of the contents herein.

2024-01-19

·BioSpace

Optimi Health Secures Amendment to Increase Quantities Of MDMA, MDA, And 2C-B Under Controlled Drugs And Substances Dealer’s Licence

VANCOUVER, British Columbia, Jan. 19, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Optimi Health Corp. (CSE: OPTI) (OTCQX: OPTHF) (FRA: 8BN) (“Optimi” or the “Company”), a Health Canada licensed drug researcher and formulator specializing in controlled psychedelic substances such as natural psilocybin and MDMA, is pleased to announce it has been granted an amendment to its Health Canada Controlled Drugs and Substances Licence. Effectively implemented on January 16, 2024, the amendment allows substantial increases in the quantities of MDMA, MDA, and 2CB under subsection J.01.059(4) of Part J of the Food and Drug Regulations. Terms of the amendment now permit the following increases: N-METHYL-3,4-METHYLENEDIOXY AMPHETAMINE (MDMA) – from 2kg to 20kg. 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYAMPHETAMINE (MDA) – from 1kg to 2kg. 4-BROMO-2,5-DIMETHOXYBENZENE ETHANAMINE (2C-B) – from 400g to 4kg. The obtained amendment is a crucial component of Optimi's strategy to solidify its position as an industry-leading psychedelics drug manufacturer, strategically positioning itself in anticipation of the potential approval of MDMA by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2024. Bill Ciprick, Optimi's CEO, underscored the strategic importance of the amendment, stating, "This marks a pivotal achievement in Optimi's strategic licensing plan, positioning us with one of the most robust licensing portfolios globally. It enhances our competitive advantage and perfectly aligns with our vision to be the leading global supplier of GMP MDMA and other psychedelic substances." In its year end Annual Review, the Company laid out its 2024 strategic licensing plan which includes approvals for a Drug Master File (DMF) and Drug Establishment Licence (DEL). This critical documentation affirms Optimi’s commitment to regulatory compliance and transparency, laying the foundation for streamlined communication with regulatory authorities and delivering high-quality APIs and controlled substances that meet global standards for pharmaceutical manufacturing and control. Optimi now has Health Canada approval to manufacture the following controlled substances: 2,5-DIMETHOXYPHENETHYLAMINE 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYAMPHETAMINE (MDA) 4-BROMO-2,5-DIMETHOXY-N-(2-METHOXYBENZYL)PHENETHYLAMINE (25-BNBOME) 4-BROMO-2,5-DIMETHOXYBENZENE ETHANAMINE (2C-B) 4-CHLORO-2,5-DIMETHOXY-N-(2METHOXYBENZYL)PHENETHYLAMINE(25C-NBOME) 4-HYDROXYBUTANOIC ACID (GHB) 4-IODO-2,5-DIMETHOXY-N-(2-METHOXYBENZYL)PHENETHYLAMINE (25I-NBOME) HARMALINE HARMALOL KETAMINE LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD) MESCALINE N,N-DIMETHYLTRYPTAMINE (DMT) N-METHYL-3,4-METHYLENEDIOXY AMPHETAMINE PHENCYCLIDINE PSILOCIN PSILOCYBIN SALVINORIN A For media inquiries, please contact Michael Kydd: michaelk@optimihealth.ca For investor inquiries, please contact: investors@optimihealth.ca ABOUT OPTIMI (CSE: OPTI) (OTCQX: OPTHF) (FRA: 8BN) Optimi Health Corp. an end-to-end drug researcher and formulator licensed by Health Canada to produce and supply, for clinical research purposes, psychedelic substances such as 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“MDMA”), natural GMP-grade psilocybin, as well as functional mushrooms that focus on the health and wellness markets. Built with the purpose of producing scalable psychedelic formulations for transformational human experiences, the Company’s goal is to be the number one trusted, compassionate supplier of safe drug candidates throughout the world. Optimi’s products are grown and manufactured at its two facilities comprising a total of 20,000 square feet in Princeton, British Columbia. FORWARD‐LOOKING STATEMENTS This news release contains forward-looking statements and forward-looking information within the meaning of Canadian securities legislation (collectively, “forward-looking statements”) that relate to Optimi’s current expectations and views of future events. Any statements that express, or involve discussions as to, expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance (often, but not always, through the use of words or phrases such as “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “expects,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimated,” “intends,” “plans,” “forecast,” “projection,” “strategy,” “objective,” and “outlook”) are not historical facts and may be forward-looking statements and may involve estimates, assumptions and uncertainties which could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in such forward-looking statements. No assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct and such forward-looking statements included in this news release should not be unduly relied upon. These statements speak only as of the date of this news release. Forward-looking statements are based on a number of assumptions and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond Optimi’s control, which could cause actual results and events to differ materially from those that are disclosed in or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the impact and progression of the COVID-19 pandemic and other factors set forth under “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Information Form dated January 9, 2023, and other continuous disclosure filings available under Optimi’s pro Optimi undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by law. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for Optimi to predict all of them or assess the impact of each such factor or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. Any forward-looking statements contained in this news release are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.

2023-04-20

·BioSpace

Psygen Industries Ltd. Announces Export of LSD to New Zealand and Completion of MDMA Development Program

Calgary, Alberta--(News - April 19, 2023) - Psygen Industries Ltd. (together with its subsidiaries, "Psygen") is pleased to announce that its wholly-owned subsidiary, Psygen Labs Inc., completed manufacture of more than 1.5 million microdoses of lysergic acid diethylamide ("LSD"). A portion of the LSD has been exported to New Zealand for use in a ground-breaking Phase II clinical trial sponsored by MindBio Therapeutics ("MindBio"). MindBio's clinical trial will provide Psygen's LSD to participants suffering from major depressive disorder for outpatient LSD microdosing in the context of normal daily routines - a first for modern LSD clinical trials. "MindBio's LSD research program holds significant promise for the future of microdose therapies and mental health. Pysgen is proud to be the manufacturer of choice for this medicine that we care so deeply about - discovered eighty years ago today," said Danny Motyka, CEO of Psygen. "LSD is the second API that Psygen has released to the clinical research market after psilocybin, with MDMA and other APIs in Psygen's development pipeline." Psygen is also excited to announce completion of its MDMA development program, including an improved synthetic method. Psygen's operations team is on track to complete GMP validation of MDMA production during the second quarter of 2023. Psygen's MDMA is slated for use as an API in clinical and scientific research around the world. Psygen expects its GMP MDMA will also be available for use in Canada's special access program or other compliant access programs outside of clinical trials. "In light of the proliferation of trauma across the globe, Psygen is proud to help improve global access to medicines that have tremendous potential to heal trauma and inspire creativity. We believe these medicines will play a key role in resolving principal mental health problems facing humanity," says Peter van der Heyden, co-founder and Director of Psygen. At its Calgary facility, Psygen's operations team will advance commercial GMP manufacturing capabilities through validation of synthetic methods for additional psychedelic APIs, as authorized by Psygen's dealer's licence issued by Health Canada. Psygen's goal is to provide high-quality, sustainable, and competitive Canadian-made medicines for the world. Psygen and its team wish everyone a safe and insightful Bicycle Day. About Psygen Psygen is a privately-held licensed dealer and active pharmaceutical ingredient ("API") manufacturer based in Calgary, Alberta. Psygen's dealer's licence authorizes possession, manufacture, sale, import, export and otherwise dealing with LSD, MDMA, psilocybin, psilocin, DMT, 2C-B and mescaline. Psygen is positioned to be a leader in manufacturing and sale of synthetic psychedelic APIs for healing and wellness in compliance with applicable laws. Psygen manufactures pharmaceutical-grade psychedelic drug substances in accordance with GMP for clinical research and other therapeutic applications. Psygen's APIs have been sold to, and used by, drug development companies, academic institutions and other authorized persons domestically and internationally. Psygen consists of a team of industry and business experts with over 50 years of direct experience in manufacturing psychedelics. Psygen's team has experience synthesizing an industry-leading variety of psychedelic compounds, including experience manufacturing LSD, psilocybin and MDMA at scale. Psygen's licensed facility is Canada's first dedicated synthetic psychedelics manufacturing facility with authorization for the synthesis of a variety of psychedelic drugs for clinical research and approved therapeutic applications. For more information, please contact: Psygen Industries Ltd. Danny Motyka, CEO Telephone: 403-809-6205 Email: invest@psygen.ca THIS NEWS RELEASE IS INTENDED FOR DISTRIBUTION IN CANADA ONLY AND IS NOT INTENDED FOR DISTRIBUTION TO UNITED STATES NEWSWIRE SERVICES OR DISSEMINATION IN THE UNITED STATES. To view the source version of this press release, please visit

临床2期

100 项与 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine 相关的药物交易

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