Vorasidenib

国际顶级药物化学期刊《European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry》上发表了一篇题为“2024年美国食品药品监督管理局批准的含卤素药物的亮点”的研究论文。对2024年美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的含卤素药物进行了全面综述和分析。研究揭示了卤素（尤其是氟和氯）在药物发现和开发中的重要作用，并探讨了这些含卤素药物的化学特性、作用机制以及临床应用前景，为未来药物研发提供了重要的参考和启示。 图片来源：EJMC 01 BACKGROUND 背景简介 卤素在药物发现和开发中具有重要地位，估计约25%的获批药物和40%的先导化合物中含有卤素，凸显了卤素在药物研发中的关键作用。从2010年到2016年，卤素含量药物占全球畅销药物的35%。作者分析了2018年至2024年FDA批准的药物，发现共有352种药物获批，其中108种为含卤素的小分子药物，表明卤素在药物研发中具有不可忽视的作用。2024年，FDA共批准了50种新药，其中16种为含卤素的小分子药物，用于治疗多种人类疾病。这一数据进一步证实了卤素在药物发现和开发中的持续重要性。 图片来源：EJMC 02 drug addiction  2024年FDA批准的含卤药物举例 ①氟和氯的化学性质及其对药物分子的影响 作者详细讨论了氟和氯这两种卤素在药物分子中的化学性质及其对药物特性的影响。氟和氯在FDA批准的含卤素药物中最为常见，而溴和碘则相对较少出现在药物中。氟因其高电负性、能够调节药物分子的pKa值、增强代谢稳定性、增加脂溶性以及通过多种相互作用锁定分子构象而被广泛应用于药物设计。例如，氟原子可以通过替代分子中的氢原子来提高药物的代谢稳定性，同时还能通过影响药物分子的电子密度和构象来增强其与靶点的结合能力。氯则因其较大的原子尺寸和较强的卤素键接受能力而被用于增强药物与靶点的相互作用，尤其是在芳香环和杂环化合物中。此外，氯还可以作为甲基的生物电子等排体，用于改善药物的代谢稳定性和选择性。尽管溴和碘在药物中的应用相对较少，但溴的某些同位素在正电子发射断层扫描（PET）成像中具有潜力，而碘同位素则在放射性标记和单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）中被广泛应用。总体而言，氟和氯的这些化学特性使其成为药物设计中不可或缺的元素，能够显著影响药物的效力、选择性、药代动力学和毒性等关键属性。 图片来源：EJMC ②Rezdiffra™（Resmetirom） Rezdiffra™（Resmetirom）是一种高选择性的甲状腺激素受体β（THR-β）激动剂，由Madrigal Pharmaceuticals开发，于2024年3月获得FDA批准，用于治疗非肝硬化性非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）伴中度至重度肝纤维化的成人患者。Resmetirom通过CYP2C8代谢，其主要代谢产物MGL-3623的活性比母药低28倍。该药物的半衰期为4.5小时，清除率为17.5 L/h，给药后67%的放射性物质通过粪便排出，24%通过尿液排出。在结构-活性关系（SAR）研究中，将化合物1A中的两个甲基替换为氯原子后，得到的化合物1B在THR-β的活性和效力上显著提高，尽管对THR-β的选择性略有改善。进一步的结构优化最终得到了Resmetirom，其通过与THR-β受体的Phe272残基形成极性相互作用来发挥作用，类似于T3分子与THR-β的相互作用。 图片来源：EJMC ③Tryvio™（Aprocitentan） Tryvio™（Aprocitentan）是一种双重内皮素A（ETA）和内皮素B（ETB）受体拮抗剂，由Idorsia Pharmaceuticals开发，于2024年3月获得FDA批准，用于治疗难治性高血压（Resistant Hypertension）。它是Macitentan的活性代谢产物，通过UGT1A1和UGT2B7催化的N-葡萄糖苷化以及非酶促水解进行生物转化。Aprocitentan的半衰期约为41小时，清除率为0.3 L/h，给药后52%的放射性物质通过尿液排出，其中0.2%为母药，25%通过粪便排出，其中6.8%为未代谢的药物。在结构-活性关系（SAR）研究中，将化合物2A中的吡啶环上的氢原子替换为溴原子后，得到的化合物2B在ETA和ETB受体上的拮抗活性显著提高。进一步优化后，将化合物2C中的苯环氢原子替换为溴原子，得到的化合物2D在ETA和ETB受体上的活性进一步增强。最终，将化合物2D中的苄基替换为正丙基后，得到了Macitentan（化合物2E），其在ETA和ETB受体上的活性最高。Aprocitentan作为Macitentan的主要代谢产物，其血浆暴露水平是Macitentan的4-5倍。 图片来源：EJMC ④Vafseo™（Vadadustat） Vafseo™（Vadadustat）是一种低氧诱导因子脯氨酸羟化酶（HIF-PH）抑制剂，由Akebia Therapeutics开发，于2024年3月获得FDA批准，用于治疗慢性肾脏病（CKD）引起的贫血。Vadadustat通过UDP-葡萄糖醛酸转移酶（UGT）酶介导的直接葡萄糖醛酸化代谢，主要代谢产物为Vadadustat-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷，占血浆总放射性暴露的15%，且无药理活性。该药物的半衰期为9.2小时，清除率为0.8 L/h。在单剂量给药后，58.9%的放射性物质通过尿液排出，26.9%通过粪便排出，其中尿液中母药含量低于1%，粪便中为9%。Vadadustat的氯苯基环在与PHD2异构体（PDB ID: 7UMP）的共晶结构中显示出与HIF结合位点附近的残基存在非特异性疏水相互作用，这可能有助于其生物活性。 图片来源：EJMC ⑤Voydeya™（Danicopan） Voydeya™（Danicopan）是一种补体因子D抑制剂，由Alexion Pharmaceuticals开发，于2024年3月获得FDA批准，用于治疗阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿症（PNH）患者的血管外溶血。Danicopan是一种口服因子D抑制剂，对人类因子D具有高亲和力，其Kd值为0.54 nM，能够有效抑制溶血，IC50值在4 nM到27 nM之间。PNH是一种罕见且致命的血液疾病，以溶血、血栓形成和骨髓功能障碍为特征。Danicopan作为辅助疗法与C5抑制剂（如Eculizumab或Ravulizumab）联合使用，以管理PNH患者的血管外溶血。Danicopan的代谢主要通过水解、氧化和还原三种途径进行，其中酰胺水解是主要途径。体外研究表明，Danicopan对CYP酶的代谢参与度极低，因此其潜在的药物相互作用风险较低。该药物的平均半衰期为7.9小时，清除率为63 L/h。单剂量给药后，69%的放射性物质通过粪便排出，其中3.57%为母药；25%通过尿液排出，其中0.48%为未代谢的药物。尽管Danicopan与补体因子D的共晶结构尚未公开，但通过与结构相似的补体因子D抑制剂的计算研究推测，Danicopan中的溴原子可能与Trp 141的羰基氧形成卤素键，而氟原子可能与取代的甲基形成疏水相互作用，从而增强其生物活性。 ⑥Ojemda™（Tovorafenib） Ojemda™（Tovorafenib）是一种高选择性和脑渗透性的II型RAF激酶抑制剂，由Day One Biopharmaceuticals开发，于2024年4月获得FDA批准，用于治疗携带BRAF融合或重排以及BRAF V600突变的儿童低级别胶质瘤（pLGG）和实体瘤。Tovorafenib主要通过醛氧化酶和CYP2C8代谢，其他CYP酶（如CYP3A、CYP2C9和CYP2C19）的参与程度较低。该药物的终末半衰期为56小时，表观清除率为0.7 L/h。口服给药后，65%的放射性物质通过粪便排出，其中8.6%为母药；27%通过尿液排出，其中0.2%为未代谢的药物。Tovorafenib与BRAF的共晶结构显示，其二取代嘧啶环与ATP结合位点的C532的酰胺和羰基形成两个氢键，而氯原子虽然未直接与任何残基形成特定相互作用，但可能通过协助嘧啶环形成合适的取向来增强氢键的形成。 ⑦Voranigo™（Vorasidenib） Voranigo™（Vorasidenib）是一种口服、脑渗透性的双重抑制剂，针对突变的异柠檬酸脱氢酶-1（IDH1）和异柠檬酸脱氢酶-2（IDH2），由Agios Pharmaceuticals开发，于2024年8月获得FDA批准，用于治疗携带易感IDH1或IDH2突变的2级星形胶质瘤或少突胶质瘤。Vorasidenib对D-2-羟基戊二酸（2-HG）的抑制活性达到纳摩尔级别，对IDH1-R132H/IDH1-WT、神经球TS603 IDH1-R132H和U87 IDH2-R140Q突变细胞系的IC50值分别为0.6 nM、0.25 nM和7 nM。该药物主要通过CYP1A2代谢，其他CYP酶的参与程度较低，非CYP途径的代谢贡献可达30%。Vorasidenib的稳态终末半衰期为10天，口服清除率为14 L/h。单剂量口服后，85%的放射性物质通过粪便排出，其中50%为母药，4.5%通过尿液排出。Vorasidenib的结构优化过程中，氯原子和三氟甲基（CF3）的存在对其活性至关重要。通过SAR研究发现，将吡啶环上的CF3替换为其他基团会导致活性显著下降，而将CF3替换为氯原子时，活性仍能维持。最终，Vorasidenib的结构中包含一个氯原子和两个CF3基团。其与IDH1-R132H二聚体的共晶结构（PDB: 6VEI）显示，氯原子与D273的羰基形成卤素键，CF3基团则与Q277和V255的羰基氧发生相互作用，这些关键的相互作用有助于增强Vorasidenib的高活性。 图片来源：EJMC ⑧Livdelzi™（Seladelpar） Livdelzi™（Seladelpar）是一种口服的过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体δ（PPARδ）激动剂，由CymaBay Therapeutics开发，于2024年8月获得FDA批准，用于治疗原发性胆汁性胆管炎（PBC）。Seladelpar是一种高选择性和强效的PPARδ激动剂，其对PPARδ的激动活性比PPARα和PPARγ分别高750倍和2500倍。该药物主要通过CYP2C9代谢，同时CYP3A4和CYP2C8也有少量贡献，生成三种主要的代谢产物，包括Seladelpar亚砜（M1）、去乙基Seladelpar（M2）和去乙基Seladelpar亚砜（M3），这些代谢产物均无药理活性。在健康志愿者中，单剂量给药后的平均消除半衰期为6小时，而在PBC患者中半衰期范围为3.8至6.7小时，表观口服清除率为12 L/h。单剂量口服后，73.4%的药物通过尿液排出，其中小于0.01%为母药；19.5%通过粪便排出，其中2.02%为母药。在结构-活性关系（SAR）研究中，Seladelpar的发现始于对Y形烷基硫代苯氧基乙酸类PPARδ激动剂的研究。通过优化，研究人员发现（R）-异构体的活性最高，最终确定了Seladelpar的结构。Seladelpar与PPARδ-LBD的共晶结构（PDB: 8HUO）显示，其羧基与受体的H287、H437和H413形成三个氢键，而CF3基团则占据了与PPARδ选择性全激动剂GW50516相同的结合位点，这表明CF3基团对Seladelpar的高生物活性至关重要。 图片来源：EJMC 展望 作者指出卤素（尤其是氟和氯）在FDA批准的药物中广泛应用于诊断、缓解和治疗各种人类疾病。从2018年至今，FDA共批准了352种药物，其中108种为含卤素的小分子药物，显示出卤素在药物发现和开发中的重要性。2024年，FDA批准的50种新药中有16种为含卤素的小分子药物，进一步证明了卤素在药物研发中的关键作用。近年来，含卤素药物的高批准率和持续的应用潜力吸引了药物发现研究人员的关注，促使他们探索卤素在新型诊断和治疗药物中的潜在应用。作者通过文献调研发现，目前有大量含卤素的临床试验药物正在不同阶段的人体临床试验中进行研究，这些药物涵盖了多种疾病领域，如肿瘤、心血管疾病、神经系统疾病等。例如，IAG933是一种针对YAP/TAZ与TEAD蛋白-蛋白相互作用的抑制剂，正在开展Ⅰ期临床试验；BBO-8520是一种KRAS G12C抑制剂，用于治疗非小细胞肺癌和结直肠癌；VVD-130037是一种KEAP1激活剂/NRF2降解剂，正在评估其在晚期实体瘤患者中的初步疗效和安全性。此外，还有其他多种含卤素的药物正在进行不同阶段的临床试验，如BMS-986408、Aleniglipron/GSBR-12690、MK-3543/IMG-7289、BI1015550、AZD0780、RLY-2608、AZD4144、HC-7366、HRO761和PF-07220060等。这些药物的临床试验结果将为未来药物研发提供重要参考，预计其中一些药物有望获得FDA批准并进入临床应用，为治疗多种人类疾病提供新的选择。作者强调，卤素在药物发现和开发中的应用前景广阔，尤其是在提高药物的生物活性、代谢稳定性和选择性方面具有巨大潜力。未来的研究将进一步探索卤素在新型药物中的应用，以推动更多创新诊断和治疗药物的发现，为应对人类疾病提供更有力的支持。 参考来源： https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117380 声明：发表/转载本文仅仅是出于传播信息的需要，并不意味着代表本公众号观点或证实其内容的真实性。据此内容作出的任何判断，后果自负。若有侵权，告知必删！ 长按关注本公众号  粉丝群/投稿/授权/广告等 请联系公众号助手 觉得本文好看，请点这里↓

– Filed for Regulatory Approval of Mitapivat (PYRUKYND®) for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Non-Transfusion-Dependent and Transfusion-Dependent Alpha- or Beta-Thalassemia in U.S., European Union , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates; PDUFA Goal Date of September 7, 2025 – – Completed Enrollment for Phase 3 RISE UP Study of Mitapivat in Sickle Cell Disease; Topline Results Expected in Late 2025, with Potential U.S. Commercial Launch in 2026 – – Early- and Mid-Stage Pipeline Offers Strong Foundation for Innovation and Growth – – PYRUKYND Net Revenue of $10.7 Million in Q4; Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities of $1.5 Billion as of December 31, 2024 – CAMBRIDGE, Mass. , Feb. 13, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: AGIO), a leader in cellular metabolism and pyruvate kinase (PK) activation pioneering therapies for rare diseases, today reported business highlights and financial results for the fourth quarter and year ended December 31, 2024 . “Agios had a transformative year in 2024, continuing to successfully deliver on all priorities. Our PYRUKYND franchise is poised for multi-billion-dollar potential, driven by the key milestones we achieved last year, including filing for regulatory approval in thalassemia across four markets and completing enrollment in our Phase 3 RISE UP study for sickle cell disease,” said Brian Goff, chief executive officer at Agios. “Backed by a strong balance sheet and a highly experienced team, Agios is focused on maximizing the potential PYRUKYND launches in thalassemia and sickle cell disease in 2025 and 2026, respectively, while advancing and diversifying our key pipeline programs and strategically deploying our capital to drive long-term growth. We are well positioned to bring significant value for shareholders, healthcare professionals and patients, as we build towards a breakout year in 2025.” Fourth Quarter 2024 and Recent Highlights PYRUKYND® Revenues: Generated $10.7 million in net revenue for the fourth quarter of 2024, a 20 percent increase from the third quarter of 2024, primarily driven by year-end stocking and adjustments to certain revenue reserves. A total of 223 unique patients have completed prescription enrollment forms, representing an increase of 6 percent over the third quarter of 2024. A total of 130 patients are on PYRUKYND therapy, inclusive of new prescriptions and continued therapy. Thalassemia: Presented positive results from the ENERGIZE-T Phase 3 randomized clinical trial evaluating mitapivat versus placebo in adults with transfusion-dependent alpha- or beta-thalassemia at the 66ᵗʰ American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting and Exposition (ASH 2024) in December 2024. Based on the favorable benefit-risk profile observed in both the ENERGIZE and ENERGIZE-T Phase 3 studies, filed regulatory applications for mitapivat (PYRUKYND) for the treatment of adult patients with non-transfusion-dependent and transfusion-dependent alpha- or beta-thalassemia with the U.S., European Union, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates health authorities. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accepted the company’s supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) for PYRUKYND for the treatment of adult patients with non-transfusion-dependent and transfusion-dependent alpha- or beta-thalassemia. The review classification for this application is Standard and the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) goal date is September 7, 2025. Sickle Cell Disease: Completed enrollment of the Phase 3 RISE UP study evaluating mitapivat for the treatment of sickle cell disease patients who are 16 years of age or older. This Phase 3 study enrolled more than 200 patients worldwide. European Commission adopted a positive decision for the designation of mitapivat as an orphan medicinal product for the treatment of sickle cell disease. Presented Phase 1 clinical results on tebapivat (AG-946) in patients with sickle cell disease at ASH 2024. Pediatric Pyruvate Kinase (PK) Deficiency: Reported in a separate press release today, positive topline results from the ACTIVATE-Kids Phase 3 study of mitapivat in children aged 1 to <18 years with PK deficiency who are not regularly transfused. Lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS): Initiated patient enrollment in the Phase 2b study of tebapivat in LR-MDS. FDA granted orphan drug designation to tebapivat for the treatment of MDS. Medical Congresses: Presented 16 abstracts highlighting new data on mitapivat and tebapivat at ASH 2024. Corporate: David Schenkein, M.D., has informed the company that he will step down from Agios’ Board of Directors, effective February 28, 2025 , to devote more time to his other commitments. He will continue to serve as a strategic advisor to Agios’ Leadership Team, concentrating on advancing the company’s clinical development programs. Presented positive results from the ENERGIZE-T Phase 3 randomized clinical trial evaluating mitapivat versus placebo in adults with transfusion-dependent alpha- or beta-thalassemia at the 66ᵗʰ American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting and Exposition (ASH 2024) in December 2024. Based on the favorable benefit-risk profile observed in both the ENERGIZE and ENERGIZE-T Phase 3 studies, filed regulatory applications for mitapivat (PYRUKYND) for the treatment of adult patients with non-transfusion-dependent and transfusion-dependent alpha- or beta-thalassemia with the U.S., European Union, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates health authorities. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accepted the company’s supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) for PYRUKYND for the treatment of adult patients with non-transfusion-dependent and transfusion-dependent alpha- or beta-thalassemia. The review classification for this application is Standard and the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) goal date is September 7, 2025. Completed enrollment of the Phase 3 RISE UP study evaluating mitapivat for the treatment of sickle cell disease patients who are 16 years of age or older. This Phase 3 study enrolled more than 200 patients worldwide. European Commission adopted a positive decision for the designation of mitapivat as an orphan medicinal product for the treatment of sickle cell disease. Presented Phase 1 clinical results on tebapivat (AG-946) in patients with sickle cell disease at ASH 2024. Reported in a separate press release today, positive topline results from the ACTIVATE-Kids Phase 3 study of mitapivat in children aged 1 to <18 years with PK deficiency who are not regularly transfused. Initiated patient enrollment in the Phase 2b study of tebapivat in LR-MDS. FDA granted orphan drug designation to tebapivat for the treatment of MDS. Key Upcoming Milestones & Priorities Agios expects to achieve the following key milestones in 2025: Thalassemia: Receive FDA regulatory decision for PYRUKYND for the treatment of adult patients with non-transfusion-dependent and transfusion-dependent alpha- or beta-thalassemia (PDUFA goal date is September 7, 2025). Sickle Cell Disease: Announce topline results from the Phase 3 RISE UP study of mitapivat in sickle cell disease in late 2025, with a potential U.S. commercial launch in 2026. Additionally, begin patient enrollment for the Phase 2 study of tebapivat in sickle cell disease in mid-2025. LR-MDS: Complete patient enrollment in the Phase 2b study of tebapivat for LR-MDS in late 2025. Early-Stage Pipeline: File an Investigational New Drug Application for AG-236, a siRNA targeting TMPRSS6 intended for the treatment of polycythemia vera, in mid-2025. Fourth Quarter 2024 Financial Results Revenue: Net product revenue from sales of PYRUKYND for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $10.7 million , compared to $7.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, and $36.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 , compared to $26.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 . Cost of Sales: Cost of sales for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $1.3 million and $4.2 million for the full year ended December 31, 2024 . Research and Development (R&D) Expenses: R&D expenses were $82.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2024, compared to $77.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, and $301.3 million for the full year ended December 31, 2024 , compared to $295.5 million for the full year ended December 31, 2023 . Selling, General and Administrative (SG&A) Expenses: SG&A expenses were $51.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2024 compared to $35.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, and $156.8 million for the full year ended December 31, 2024 , compared to $119.9 million for the full year ended December 31, 2023 . The year-over-year increase was primarily attributable to an increase in commercial-related activities as the company prepares for the potential approval of PYRUKYND in thalassemia. Net Income (Loss): Net loss was $96.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2024 compared to a net loss of $95.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, and net income was $673.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 , compared to a net loss of $352.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 . Cash Position and Guidance: Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of December 31, 2024 , were $1.5 billion compared to $806.4 million as of December 31, 2023 . This increase reflects payments from the royalty monetization for vorasidenib and a milestone payment from Servier for vorasidenib approval received in the third quarter of 2024. Agios expects that its cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, together with anticipated product revenue and interest income, will provide the financial independence to prepare for potential PYRUKYND launches in thalassemia and sickle cell disease, advance existing programs, and to opportunistically expand its pipeline through both internally and externally discovered assets. Conference Call Information Agios will host a conference call and live webcast today at 8:00 a.m. ET to discuss the company’s fourth quarter 2024 financial results and recent business highlights. The live webcast will be accessible on the Investors section of the company's website (www.agios.com) under the “Events & Presentations” tab. A replay of the webcast will be available on the company’s website approximately two hours after the event. About Agios Agios is the pioneering leader in PK activation and is dedicated to developing and delivering transformative therapies for patients living with rare diseases. In the U.S. , Agios markets a first-in-class pyruvate kinase (PK) activator for adults with PK deficiency, the first disease-modifying therapy for this rare, lifelong, debilitating hemolytic anemia. Building on the company's deep scientific expertise in classical hematology and leadership in the field of cellular metabolism and rare hematologic diseases, Agios is advancing a robust clinical pipeline of investigational medicines with programs in alpha- and beta-thalassemia, sickle cell disease, pediatric PK deficiency, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)-associated anemia and phenylketonuria (PKU). In addition to its clinical pipeline, Agios is advancing a preclinical TMPRSS6 siRNA as a potential treatment for polycythemia vera. For more information, please visit the company’s website at www.agios.com. Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements include those regarding the potential benefits of PYRUKYND® (mitapivat), tebapivat (AG-946) , AG -236 and AG-181, Agios’ PAH stabilizer; Agios’ plans, strategies and expectations for its preclinical, clinical and commercial advancement of its drug development, including PYRUKYND®, tebapivat, AG-236 and AG-181; Agios’ use of proceeds from the transaction with Royalty Pharma; potential U.S. net sales of vorasidenib and potential future royalty payments; Agios’ strategic vision and goals, including its key milestones for 2025; and the potential benefits of Agios’ strategic plans and focus. The words “anticipate,” “expect,” “goal,” “hope,” “milestone,” “plan,” “potential,” “possible,” “strategy,” “will,” “vision,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Such statements are subject to numerous important factors, risks and uncertainties that may cause actual events or results to differ materially from Agios’ current expectations and beliefs. For example, there can be no guarantee that any product candidate Agios is developing will successfully commence or complete necessary preclinical and clinical development phases, or that development of any of Agios’ product candidates will successfully continue. There can be no guarantee that any positive developments in Agios’ business will result in stock price appreciation. Management's expectations and, therefore, any forward-looking statements in this press release could also be affected by risks and uncertainties relating to a number of other important factors, including, without limitation: risks and uncertainties related to the impact of pandemics or other public health emergencies to Agios’ business, operations, strategy, goals and anticipated milestones, including its ongoing and planned research activities, ability to conduct ongoing and planned clinical trials, clinical supply of current or future drug candidates, commercial supply of current or future approved products, and launching, marketing and selling current or future approved products; Agios’ results of clinical trials and preclinical studies, including subsequent analysis of existing data and new data received from ongoing and future studies; the content and timing of decisions made by the U.S. FDA, the EMA or other regulatory authorities, investigational review boards at clinical trial sites and publication review bodies; Agios’ ability to obtain and maintain requisite regulatory approvals and to enroll patients in its planned clinical trials; unplanned cash requirements and expenditures; competitive factors; Agios' ability to obtain, maintain and enforce patent and other intellectual property protection for any product candidates it is developing; Agios’ ability to establish and maintain key collaborations; uncertainty regarding any royalty payments related to the sale of its oncology business or any milestone or royalty payments related to its in-licensing of AG-236, and the uncertainty of the timing of any such payments; uncertainty of the results and effectiveness of the use of Agios’ cash and cash equivalents; and general economic and market conditions. These and other risks are described in greater detail under the caption "Risk Factors" included in Agios’ public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission . Any forward-looking statements contained in this press release speak only as of the date hereof, and Agios expressly disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Contacts: Investor Contact Chris Taylor , VP, Investor Relations and Corporate Communications Agios Pharmaceuticals IR@agios.com Media Contact Eamonn Nolan , Senior Director, Corporate Communications Agios Pharmaceuticals media@agios.com Source: Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.