COVE-4: A Phase 3, Open-Label, Long-Term Follow-Up Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of YCANTH (VP-102/TO-208) in Subjects With Common Warts (Verruca Vulgaris)

People who participated in either the COVE-2 or COVE-3 study for common warts, may be eligible to enroll into this Long Term Follow Up (LTFU) study COVE-4. The main question(s) to answer in this LTFU study are:
* To assess the safety of YCANTH (also known as VP-102 in the United Sates or TO-208 in Japan) by assessing concomitant medication use, and adverse events (AEs), including expected local skin reactions (LSRs).
* To evaluate the efficacy of continued skin application of YCANTH (VP-102/TO-208) when applied to each common wart once every 21 days for a maximum of 4 additional treatments.
Participants with eligible common warts present will receive YCANTH (VP-102/TO-208) with an interval of 21 (± 4) days between applications until there is a wart count of zero (ie, completed clearance has been achieved) or a maximum of 4 additional treatments. Participants with complete clearance will attend Observation Visits at intervals of 42 (± 4) days without treatment. Participants who develop a new wart after having a wart count of zero will resume Treatment Visits every 21 (± 4) days for a maximum of 4 additional treatments. All subjects will attend visits until the End-of-Study (EOS) Visit, which is on Day 378 (0/+ 8 days).
If participants still have warts present after 4 additional treatments of YCANTH (VP-102/TO-208) the wart(s) will be discontinued from study and participants will be allowed to seek treatment but should be limited to destructive therapy such as cryosurgery and warts cannot be within 10 mm of any warts that receive(d) study drug treatment . The exact interval of Treatment Visits will be determined by evaluation of the treatment site, taking into account any ongoing local skin reactions (LSRs), which are defined as temporary application site:
vesiculation, pain, pruritus, scabbing, erythema, discoloration, dryness, edema and erosion that is expected and consistent with historical treatment with YCANTH (VP-102/TO-208). Participants may receive treatment until all treatable common warts are clear, up to a maximum of 4 treatment sessions, or until Day 357, whichever occurs first.
Treatment:
For participants with warts present at the time of study entry, the first treatment application may occur on the same day as transition from the parent study. All required parent study assessments must be complete, including the final evaluation of response to treatment (ERT; as defined in Assessments and procedures).
In addition, eligibility for participation in the LTFU study must have been determined, and informed consent/assent for participation in this LTFU study obtained. YCANTH (VP-102/TO-208) will be applied by the Investigator or qualified member of the research team to treatable common warts, including an approximate 1 to 2 mm margin of healthy, surrounding skin. After YCANTH (VP-102/TO- 208) is applied, warts are to be covered with occlusive tape (occlusive tape with similar properties should be used across all clinical sites) that will remain in place overnight and should be removed 24 hours after application of study drug and just before a 24-hour ERT. Before application of study drug, wart paring, if necessary, will be completed with a sharp surgical instrument (eg, scalpel or flexible medical blade) to remove any adherent thick scale from a treatable common wart. Wart paring is required to be performed at any treatment visit when adherent thick scale is present, and the Investigator feels paring can be safely performed. Paring should be conducted by a trained practitioner and in compliance with any local regulations and should be discontinued if it results in punctate bleeding or significant pain. Not all treatable common warts may require paring. If adherent scale is not present, study drug can be applied without paring. The assessment for complete clearance may be made once all treatable common warts are evaluable and not obscured by an ongoing LSR. If the Investigator is unable to evaluate or treat 1 or more warts due to ongoing LSRs, no warts should be treated, and the visit will be documented as an Unscheduled Visit. The timing of the next treatment visit will be determined by resolution of the LSRs. The research team will be in contact with the Participant until all LSRs are resolved. Once LSRs have resolved, a Treatment Visit will be scheduled within 21 (± 4) days of the previous treatment application, noting it may be longer than 21 (± 4) days depending on the length of time until LSR resolution. All treatable common warts that are not completely clear should undergo treatment with study drug. Study duration from Days 84, 105, or 147 of the parent study (COVE-2 or COVE-3) through the final EOS visit of this LTFU study (Day 378) is approximately 294 days.

开始日期2026-03-01

申办/合作机构

Verrica Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

[+5]

NCT07246590

/ Recruiting临床3期

COVE-2: A Phase 3, Double-blind, Randomized, Vehicle-controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of YCANTH (VP-102) in Subjects With Common Warts (Verruca Vulgaris)

This is a Phase 3, double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled study (Study number VP-CW-301; referred to as COVE-2 [Cantharidin and Occlusion in Verruca Epithelium]) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of YCANTH (VP-102) treatment in subjects with common warts.

开始日期2025-12-17

申办/合作机构

Verrica Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

[+4]

JPRN-jRCT2031230204

/ Completed临床1期IIT

TO-208 Clinical Pharmacology Study- Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Safety, Efficacy, and Plasma Concentrations of TO-208 in Patients Aged 2 Years and Older with Molluscum Contagiosum -

开始日期2023-07-27

申办/合作机构-

100 项与斑蝥素相关的临床结果

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100 项与斑蝥素相关的转化医学

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100 项与斑蝥素相关的专利（医药）

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1,099

项与斑蝥素相关的文献（医药）

2026-04-01·JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY

Discovery, crystal structure, anticancer property of the first-row transition metal complexes of norcantharidin (NCTD) as potential inducer of mitochondrial damage

Article

作者: Liu, Li-Min ; Wei, Hong-Zu ; Wen, Chang-Chun ; Liu, Yan-Cheng ; Huang, Yue ; Huang, Yun-Hou ; Liu, Yuan ; Meng, Wei-Ying

Norcantharidin (NCTD) is a structurally modified derivative of cantharidin, which is an active component derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and exhibiting specific anticancer activity. In this work, four pH-sensitive complexes of NCTD, with cationic 2-aminopyridine (AP) as the counter ion, were successfully synthesized and structurally characterized. The crystal structures resolved by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that they all formed in complexes with ionic type, 2AP[M(NCTD)₂], (M = Cu, Co, Ni and Mn), composed of the negative divalent six-coordinated species, [M(NCTD)₂]^2-, and two counter cations (AP). Our findings demonstrated that under slightly acidic conditions (pH = 6.6), the decomposition of 2AP[M(NCTD)₂] (M = Cu, Co, Ni, and Mn) led to the release of NCTD and metal ions, which subsequently triggered a Fenton-like reaction co-catalyzed by GSH. They exhibited stronger in vitro anticancer properties than NCTD against a series of typical cancer cell lines tested, with the IC₅₀ values in the range of 12.41-33.43 μM, in which 2AP[Cu(NCTD)₂], showed the best efficacy. In the most sensitive SK-OV-3 cells, 2AP[Cu(NCTD)₂], induced mitochondrial dysfunction by triggering the excessive accumulation of ROS within mitochondria, thereby activating the apoptotic pathway. Meanwhile, 2AP[Cu(NCTD)₂], could obviously arrest the cell cycle at Sub-G₁ phase in SK-OV-3 cells.

2026-03-01·PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

MdPP2AC interacting with MdCLC to mediate ALA-induced salt tolerance in apple

Article

作者: Xiang, Kun ; Wang, Liangju ; Iqbal, Mohsin ; Zhang, Jianting ; Zhou, Jiayi

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a plant growth regulator that enhances salt tolerance, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the function and molecular mechanism of the Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) catalytic subunit MdPP2AC in ALA-induced salt tolerance in detached leaves, calli, and rooted plantlets of 'Gala' apple (Malus × domestica). Results showed that pretreatment with ALA before NaCl stress significantly alleviated NaCl-induced damage, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, and improved chloride (Cl^-) interception in the roots with less transport to the aboveground. Further analysis revealed that the PP2A activity and MdPP2AC expression were induced by NaCl and further by ALA. Functional studies showed that overexpressing (OE)-MdPP2AC enhanced salt tolerance, whereas RNA interference (RNAi)-MdPP2AC or application of cantharidin (CT, a specific inhibitor of PP2A activity) compromised salt tolerance, but exogenous ALA mitigated CT-aggravated salt injury. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H), bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), luciferase complementation imaging (LCI), sequence truncation and site-directed mutagenesis assays confirmed that MdPP2AC can interact with the chloride channel protein MdCLC-c2, and the C-terminal Glu⁶⁸⁴ residue of MdCLC-c2 is indispensable for the molecular interaction and Cl^- transport activation. Function identification with Δgef1 mutant yeast showed that MdCLC-c2 transformation promoted intracellular Cl^- accumulation as well as cell salt tolerance, and the effects were further promoted by MdPP2AC transformation and exogenous ALA. Collectively, we propose that MdPP2AC mediates ALA-induced salt tolerance in apple by interacting with MdCLC-c2, which promotes Cl^- sequestration into root vacuoles with less transport to the aboveground, thus maintaining Cl^- homeostasis at the cellular and plant levels. These findings reveal a novel mechanism whereby PP2AC modulates chloride channel function to maintain ion homeostasis within the ALA signaling pathway, providing critical insights into ALA-mediated apple salt tolerance.

2026-02-01·SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY

Nanoparticle-based approaches for doxorubicin delivery in hepatocellular carcinoma: Current strategies and emerging innovations

Review

作者: Negi, Hansi ; Al-Hetty, Hussein Riyadh Abdul Kareem ; RenukaJyothi, S ; Panigrahi, Rajashree ; Salih, Salah Abdulhadi ; Alkhathami, Ali G ; Ahmed, Abdulrahman T ; Hammady, Fathi Jihad ; Hussn, Ahmed ; Jassal, Pushkar

Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death, but HCC treatment with the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin is limited because of acquired drug resistance. In this review, we examined current knowledge on the specific molecular mechanisms of doxorubicin resistance in HCC, including overexpression of drug efflux (ABC family) transporters, aberrations of the drug target topoisomerase IIα (TOP2A), impairments in apoptosis (p53, FOXO3, Bcl-2 family members), oncogenic activation of pro-survival signaling pathways (NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and MAPKs), instances of tumor heterogeneity with sirtuins, and cancer stem cells. Additionally, we investigate the role of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, in modulating sensitivity to and resistance to doxorubicin in HCC. In conclusion, nanomedicine will become crucial in overcoming the limitations of significant doxorubicin resistance in HCC, utilizing advanced mechanisms to modulate treatment with doxorubicin in this context. This review details various nanotechnology-based approaches to the delivery of doxorubicin, including passive targeting using the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, active targeting with specific ligands, and stimulus-responsive drug release in the tumor microenvironment (e.g., pH, redox potential). We focus on preclinical studies that utilized a variety of nanoparticle formulations for palliative care to patients with HCC, have investigated the use of liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles (e.g., PCL, chitosan), metallic particles (e.g., gold, silver, iron oxide), dendrimers, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which have been loaded with doxorubicin or combined with other agents (e.g., cantharidin, berberine, isoginkgetin, ginger extract). The nanoparticle formulations enhanced drug delivery, increased drug accumulation per cell, reduced systemic toxicity, and overcame drug resistance mechanisms in HCC models.

139

项与斑蝥素相关的新闻（医药）

2026-05-05

·BioSpace

Verrica Pharmaceuticals to Report First Quarter 2026 Financial Results and Provide a Corporate Update on May 12, 2026

WEST CHESTER, Pa., May 05, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Verrica Pharmaceuticals Inc. (“Verrica” or “the Company”) (Nasdaq: VRCA), a therapeutics company developing and commercializing medications for the treatment of dermatological diseases, including skin cancers, today announced that it will host a conference call and live webcast at 4:30 p.m. ET on Tuesday, May 12, 2026, to discuss the Company's financial results for the first quarter ending March 31, 2026, and provide a corporate update. Individuals may participate in the live call via telephone by dialing 1-833-316-2483 (domestic) or 1-785-838-9284 (international) and using the conference ID: VERRICA. Participants are asked to dial in 10 minutes before the start of the call to register. A live audio webcast of the call can also be accessed by visiting the investor relations section of the Company’s website, , or by clicking here . A replay of the webcast will be archived on Verrica’s website for 90 days following the event. About Verrica Pharmaceuticals Inc. Verrica is a therapeutics company developing and commercializing medications for the treatment of dermatological diseases, including skin cancers. Verrica’s product YCANTH ® (VP-102) (cantharidin), is the first and only healthcare professional-administered treatment approved by the FDA to treat adult and pediatric patients two years of age and older with molluscum contagiosum, a highly contagious viral skin infection affecting approximately 6 million people in the United States, primarily children. YCANTH ® (VP-102) is also in development to treat common warts, the largest remaining unmet need in medical dermatology. Verrica has also entered a worldwide license agreement with Lytix Biopharma AS to develop and commercialize VP-315 (ruxotemitide, formerly known as LTX-315 and VP-LTX-315) for non-melanoma skin cancers including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. For more information, visit . FOR MORE INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT: Investors: John J Kirby Interim Chief Financial Officer jkirby@verrica.com Kevin Gardner LifeSci Advisors kgardner@lifesciadvisors.com

2026-04-24

·制药人职场加油站

乳化及微乳化技术在药物制剂中的应用：从自发分散到精准递药

点击上方蓝色字关注：制药人职场加油站乳化技术和微乳化技术是药物制剂领域中的重要递药策略。传统乳剂通过高能耗的机械分散制备，具有热力学不稳定性；而微乳则依靠表面活性剂与助表面活性剂的协同作用自发形成，液滴粒径介于10–100 nm，呈现透明外观和热力学稳定性。两者在提高难溶性药物溶解度、增强经皮与口服吸收、实现靶向递送等方面展现出独特优势。系统梳理乳化与微乳化技术的基本原理与分类，总结自乳化给药系统（SEDDS/SMEDDS）的处方设计策略与质量评价方法，重点探讨其在口服给药（BCS II/IV类药物生物利用度提升）和透皮给药（纳米级粒径促渗）两大领域的应用，兼及静脉注射、鼻腔给药等途径，并结合非平衡自乳化等前沿进展展望未来发展方向。乳化及微乳化技术正在从单一的增溶载体向多功能、智能化、可规模化的精准递药平台演进。在全球药物研发的版图上，约35%–40%的新化学实体因水溶性差而面临制剂开发的严峻挑战。这一被称为“药物开发阿喀琉斯之踵”的难题，促使制剂学家不断探索新型递药策略。乳化及微乳化技术正是在这一背景下脱颖而出，成为解决难溶性药物递送问题的核心工具之一。传统乳剂（粒径100 nm–100 μm）作为经典的液-液分散体系，在医药领域已有数十年的应用历史。然而，乳剂的热力学不稳定性使其在储存过程中易出现分层、絮凝乃至破乳等问题，制约了其广泛应用。1943年，Hoar和Schulman首次发现了一种由水、油、表面活性剂和助表面活性剂自发形成的透明分散体系，1959年Schulman将其正式命名为“微乳”（microemulsion）。微乳的出现颠覆了人们对乳液分散体系热力学稳定性的传统认知，标志着乳化技术从“高能耗机械分散”向“低能耗自发组装”的范式转变。过去二十年间，以微乳和自乳化给药系统（self-emulsifying drug delivery systems, SEDDS）为代表的乳化递药技术经历了迅猛发展。从最初作为难溶性药物的增溶载体，到如今实现控释、靶向、多肽蛋白口服递送等多功能集成，该技术已深刻改变了口服和经皮给药的研究格局。特别是BCS（生物药剂学分类系统）II类和IV类药物（低溶解性药物）的递送，正在被SEDDS技术所重塑。一、乳化与微乳化技术 1.1核心差异乳剂是一种液滴分散于另一种不相溶液体中的多相体系。在药物制剂中，最常见的类型是水包油型（O/W）乳剂，即油相以微小液滴的形式分散于连续水相中。传统乳剂通常通过机械剪切、高压均质或超声等外力作用制备，属于热力学不稳定体系，在储存过程中需要通过添加乳化剂形成界面膜来维持动力学稳定。微乳则是一种热力学稳定的液-液分散体系，由水相、油相、表面活性剂和助表面活性剂在适当比例下自发形成，外观透明或微呈乳光，液滴粒径一般在10–100 nm范围。与普通乳剂相比，微乳最本质的区别在于其热力学稳定性——只要各组分比例合适，微乳的形成无需外界做功，且能够长期保持稳定而不分层。在乳化技术家族中，还需区分几个密切相关的概念。亚微乳的粒径介于100 nm–1 μm之间，通常通过高压均质法制备，兼具微乳的纳米特性和乳剂的载药能力。纳米乳与微乳在粒径范围上有重叠，但纳米乳属于热力学不稳定而动力学稳定的体系，需要通过高能乳化法（如高压均质、超声）或低能乳化法（如相转变温度法）制备。自乳化给药系统（SEDDS）则是指一种无水预浓缩物，在接触胃肠道液体后可自发乳化形成微乳或纳米乳。 1.2 结构与分类根据内相和连续相的类型，微乳可分为三种结构类型：水包油型（O/W）、油包水型（W/O）及双连续型。O/W型微乳中，油相以纳米液滴的形式分散于水连续相中，适合增溶和递送亲脂性药物；W/O型微乳则相反，适合包裹亲水性药物，并可通过油相屏障实现缓释效果。双连续型微乳中水和油均以连续通道形式相互穿插，兼具两者的特性。从给药功能角度，不同类型的微乳服务于不同的治疗需求。O/W型微乳通常用于增加亲脂性药物的溶解度，促进其在胃肠道或皮肤中的吸收；W/O型微乳则可延长水溶性药物的释放时间，起到缓释作用。 1.3 形成机理微乳的自发形成可从热力学角度加以理解。当油、水、表面活性剂和助表面活性剂按适当比例混合时，体系界面张力可降至超低水平（10⁻³–10⁻⁵ mN/m），界面自由能的降低足以补偿液滴分散所增加的熵值，使体系总自由能降低或保持不变，从而自发形成稳定的微乳。目前关于微乳形成机理的主流解释包括混合膜理论和增溶作用理论。混合膜理论认为，表面活性剂与助表面活性剂在油水界面形成紧密排列的混合膜，该膜的弹性与曲率决定了微乳的结构类型。增溶理论则将微乳视为表面活性剂胶束对油相或水相的增溶达到饱和后形成的“膨胀胶束”体系。无论从哪种视角出发，表面活性剂与助表面活性剂的质量比（Km值）以及各组分的亲水亲油平衡值（HLB）都是决定微乳能否形成及其结构类型的关键参数。二、微乳与自乳化系统的制备 2.1 制备方法微乳的制备从原理上分为两类：高能乳化法和低能乳化法。高能乳化法包括高压均质、超声乳化、微射流等，依靠强烈的机械能输入将粗乳破碎至纳米尺度。这类方法适用于黏度较高的体系，但能耗大、设备成本高，且可能因局部过热对热敏性药物造成破坏。低能乳化法则利用体系自身的相变行为或化学能驱动乳化过程，包括相转变温度法、相转变组分法、自发乳化法和溶剂蒸发法等。近年来，低能乳化技术取得了重要突破。传统的溶剂蒸发法有效克服了相转变温度法和自发乳化法中液滴分布不均的问题。更值得注意的是，2026年褚良银、汪伟团队与邓楠楠团队合作报道了一种非平衡表面活性剂分配驱动的自纳米乳化新机制（SFIII），可在1分钟内生产5升高均匀度纳米乳液，液滴直径小至34 nm，多分散系数（PDI）低于0.10，为纳米载体的规模化制备提供了全新的技术路径。在处方设计层面，自微乳化给药系统（SMEDDS）的构建通常遵循以下步骤：首先通过溶解度实验筛选合适的油相、表面活性剂和助表面活性剂；继而绘制伪三元相图，确定能够形成透明微乳区域（即微乳区）的组分比例范围；最后通过星点设计-效应面法等优化策略确定最佳处方。以黄芩提取物磷脂复合物自微乳为例，研究人员以油酸乙酯为油相、吐温-80为乳化剂、二乙二醇单乙醚为助乳化剂，在油相质量分数14.5%、Km值2.7的条件下获得了粒径仅16.83 nm的载药微乳。 2.2 质量评价指标乳化及微乳制剂的质量评价涵盖理化表征、稳定性考察和体外释放行为三个方面。核心评价指标包括：粒径与分布：采用动态光散射（DLS）测定平均粒径和多分散系数（PDI）。对于微乳制剂，粒径通常在10–100 nm范围，PDI小于0.3表明体系分布均匀。 Zeta电位：反映液滴表面的电荷状态，与体系的物理稳定性密切相关。较高的Zeta电位绝对值（通常要求大于±30 mV）意味着液滴之间存在较强的静电排斥力，有助于防止聚集。载药量与包封率：对于载药微乳，需明确单位质量制剂中的药物含量及包封效率。例如，黄芩提取物自微乳的载药量达到16.75 mg/g。稳定性评价：包括热力学稳定性（离心试验、加热-冷却循环）和长期储存稳定性考察，观察是否有分层、粒径增长或药物析出等现象。体外释放行为：在模拟生理介质（如pH 1.2、6.8、7.4的缓冲液）中考察药物的释放动力学。SMEDDS的缓控释特性通常显著优于普通药物混悬液——瑞卢戈利固体自微乳在释放介质中的累积释放量达86%，而药物混悬液仅为3.6%。三、口服给药中的应用口服给药是微乳和自乳化技术应用最广泛的领域。其核心价值在于通过纳米级的油滴载体，为BCS II类（低溶解、高渗透）和IV类（低溶解、低渗透）药物提供了切实可行的增溶和促吸收策略。 3.1 自乳化给药系统（SEDDS）的原理与优势 SEDDS是一种无水形式的脂质预浓缩物，由油相、表面活性剂、助表面活性剂和药物组成。口服后在胃肠道蠕动作用下，遇体液自发乳化形成O/W型微乳或纳米乳。这一过程带来了多重递药优势：其一，药物以分子或非晶态形式溶解于油相中，避免了传统固体口服制剂中药物溶出受限的问题。其二，形成的纳米级油滴具有巨大的比表面积，可显著提高药物在胃肠道中的吸收效率。其三，乳滴表面的表面活性剂可抑制肠道P-糖蛋白（P-gp）外排作用，同时促进淋巴转运途径的吸收，绕过肝脏首过效应。以瑞卢戈利为例，其固体自微乳（S-SMEDDS）的口服生物利用度比药物混悬液提高了1.9倍。 3.2 对BCS II/IV类药物口服生物利用度的提升当前，大量具有良好药理活性但水溶性差的新化合物面临制剂开发瓶颈。SEDDS技术的成熟使这一问题找到了突破方向。SEDDS不仅能够提高药物溶解度，还可通过调控辅料的理化性质实现更精准的递药效果。例如，通过选择特定的表面活性剂组合，可以增强制剂在肠道黏液层的穿透能力，减少黏膜屏障对药物吸收的阻碍。随着技术发展，多功能SEDDS体系不断涌现。将SEDDS与固体脂质纳米粒、聚合物纳米载体或离子敏感凝胶等纳米技术集成，能够赋予体系以控制释放、增强肠黏膜黏附和改善淋巴转运等新功能。此外，SEDDS在口服递送多肽和蛋白质等生物大分子方面也显示出潜力——通过疏水性离子配对技术将亲水蛋白转化为亲脂性复合物，可使其稳定包载于SEDDS油相中，实现对这类“难递送”药物的口服给药突破。 3.3 中药制剂的微乳化应用中药活性成分的制剂开发长期受困于提取物成分复杂、有效成分水溶性差等问题。微乳和自微乳技术在中药制剂中的应用为解决这一困境提供了新思路。中药挥发油是微乳技术的理想适配对象——挥发油自身可作为油相，在乳化剂辅助下自发形成纳米级乳滴，既保护挥发油免受氧化，又可增强其在体内的分散性和吸收效率。以黄芩提取物为例，研究人员以磷脂复合物为中间体构建自微乳体系，显著提高了难溶性成分黄芩苷的溶解度及体外释放度。类似策略已应用于丹参酮IIA、斑蝥素等多种中药活性成分的递送研究中。微乳化技术正在成为中药制剂现代化的重要手段之一。四、透皮给药中的应用皮肤角质层作为机体抵御外界物质入侵的天然屏障，是透皮给药面临的首要障碍。传统透皮制剂（如软膏、凝胶）中药物渗透效率往往有限。微乳和纳米乳因其独特的纳米级粒径和热力学特性，为克服角质层屏障提供了新的技术手段。 4.1 微乳促进经皮吸收的机制微乳促进药物经皮吸收的机制可从两个层面理解：一是载体效应，即纳米级油滴本身能够携带药物进入角质层间隙或毛囊口等微观通路；二是热力学活性效应，微乳中药物以高化学势的分子状态存在，可形成较大的经皮浓度梯度驱动药物扩散。后一种机制的意义在近期研究中得到了有力印证。在补骨脂酚（BAK）的纳米载体比较研究中，研究人员发现不含油酸的纳米乳（NE2）在有限剂量下使BAK在活性表皮层的浓度达到了最低有效浓度的36倍，而粒径更小的胶束（约28 nm）的递送效率反而仅为NE2的三分之一。这一发现颠覆了“粒径越小递送越好”的传统认知，揭示了载体的热力学活性调控在透皮递送中的关键作用——高水含量使药物从载体向角质层快速分配，远比单纯缩小尺寸更为重要。 4.2 纳米乳凝胶等复合剂型为兼顾透皮效率和制剂的使用便利性，纳米乳凝胶（nanoemulgel）等复合剂型应运而生。这类剂型将纳米乳的促渗优势与凝胶的局部滞留性和患者顺应性相结合，形成了一种功能集成的递药平台。纳米乳凝胶在伤口愈合、皮肤感染、银屑病和皮肤癌等多种皮肤疾病的治疗中展现出良好的应用前景。新兴的表面活性离子液体（SAILs）和低共熔溶剂（DES）等新型辅料正在为微乳透皮递药注入新活力。以芦丁为模型药物的研究发现，含C10或C12咪唑类离子液体的微乳可使芦丁的皮肤渗透量达到传统W/O微乳的6.8倍。这些创新辅料的应用有望进一步拓展微乳透皮给药的技术边界。五、其他给药途径乳化技术的应用远不限于口服和透皮两大领域，其多功能性使其在多种给药途径中均展现出独特价值。在静脉注射给药方面，微乳和亚微乳可作为抗肿瘤药物的理想载体。静脉注射亚微乳不仅能够提高难溶性抗肿瘤药物的溶解度，还可通过被动靶向作用将药物富集于肿瘤组织，同时防止肿瘤转移。临床上已应用的静脉乳包括紫杉醇乳、多西紫杉醇乳、氟尿嘧啶乳等。替尼泊苷微乳注射剂采用自乳化技术作为制剂关键技术，研制出了安全、稳定、无需改变给药途径的静脉注射制剂。在鼻腔给药方面，纳米乳和微乳可通过嗅神经通路实现脑靶向递药。研究人员开发了三种纳米乳和一种微乳用于鼻内递送孕酮受体激动剂Segesterone acetate，以治疗多发性硬化和脑卒中等中枢神经系统疾病。这一策略为绕过血脑屏障、实现中枢神经系统的药物递送提供了非侵入性选择。此外，微乳还可用于眼部给药（提高角膜渗透）、齿根给药（局部抗感染）和胃内灌注等途径。O/W型微乳可增加亲脂性药物的溶解度，W/O型微乳则可延长水溶性药物的释放时间，不同结构类型适配不同的给药需求。六、前沿进展与未来展望 6.1 智能响应型微乳体系传统微乳制剂以增溶和促吸收为主要功能，而新一代微乳体系正向“智能响应”方向演进。pH响应、酶响应、温度响应和光响应等刺激响应型微乳可根据病灶部位的微环境变化触发药物释放，实现时空可控的精准治疗。如pH响应型纳米脂质体乳霜可在皮肤特定pH条件下触发活性成分释放，用于抗衰老治疗。集控释、靶向和诊断功能于一体的多模态微乳体系正在成为研究热点。 6.2 纳米技术与微乳的融合将微乳与固体脂质纳米粒、聚合物纳米颗粒、Janus纳米颗粒等先进纳米载体技术整合，正在催生新一代多功能递药平台。这类体系可同时实现肠黏膜黏附增强、淋巴转运促进和跨上皮屏障渗透调节，解决了传统SEDDS面临的药物沉淀、制剂不稳定和靶向性不足等核心难题。这种“纳米增强型SEDDS”被认为是口服递药领域的下一代平台技术。 6.3 规模化生产与工业化前景微乳和纳米乳技术的临床转化面临一个根本性瓶颈——如何实现粒径均一、批次稳定的规模化生产。传统高压均质和超声乳化法能耗高、设备复杂且易导致产物粒径不均；新兴微流控技术虽能提升粒径均一性，但产量受限。SFIII非平衡自乳化机制的发现为解决这一瓶颈提供了全新方案：该方法可在1分钟内制备5升高度均匀的纳米乳液，在较广的pH（3–11）和温度（4–85°C）范围内保持良好稳定性，并兼容超过十种油-水-表面活性剂体系。该策略具有操作简便、可规模化、成本低廉且表面活性剂用量少的核心优势，有望成为药物递送、疫苗开发和诊断成像等领域的多功能纳米制造平台。 6.4 AI驱动的处方优化随着数据积累和算法进步，人工智能正在介入微乳制剂的设计与优化。基于表面活性剂分子的分配特性与界面参数，结合机器学习构建油/水/表面活性剂体系数据库，将有望加速自乳化技术的处方筛选，推动其工业化转化进程。这种数据驱动的处方开发模式，可能将微乳制剂的开发周期从“试错式”转向“预测性”范式。从1943年Schulman发现微乳现象至今，乳化及微乳化技术在药物制剂领域已走过八十余年的发展历程。这一技术路线的演进呈现出清晰的脉络：从传统乳剂的机械分散，到微乳的热力学自组装，再到SEDDS/SMEDDS的“干粉-体内乳化”策略，技术迭代的背后是对递药效率和制剂稳定性的不懈追求。乳化及微乳化技术的核心价值可以凝练为三个关键词：增溶——解决难溶性药物的溶解度困境；促渗——突破角质层和肠道黏膜等生理屏障；控释——实现药物在目标部位的时空精准释放。当前，这一领域正处于从“增溶载体”向“智能递药平台”跃迁的关键节点。非平衡自乳化机制破解了规模化生产瓶颈，智能响应设计拓展了治疗适应症边界，AI辅助优化压缩了处方开发周期，多技术融合赋予了制剂以“智能”属性。展望未来，随着纳米科学、材料科学和生物医药学的持续交叉融合，乳化及微乳化技术有望在精准医疗和个性化治疗中发挥更加重要的作用。对于BCS II/IV类药物的制剂难题、中药活性成分的现代化递送、生物大分子的口服给药挑战，微乳和自乳化技术都将提供富有前景的解决方案。而从实验室到临床、从概念验证到工业化生产，则需要制剂学家、材料科学家和临床研究者持续不懈的跨学科协作。我对往期的文章做了更新，欢迎点击如下链接查看： 1、环境健康与安全（EHS）系列 2、GMP、CAPA与数据完整性系列 3、洁净间系列 4、工业自动化系列 5、项目管理系列 6、精益生产系列 7、精彩电影及影评推介 8、周末感想系列：感恩生活/职场人生。本公众号致力于制造企业的日常管理：EHS、精益生产、电气自动化、项目管理、无菌保证等，如果您想查看往期文章，长按二维码关注公众号，在公众号界面工作心得及生活随感栏查看

2026-04-10

·BioSpace

Verrica Pharmaceuticals Announces Acceptance of Late-Breaking Abstract Highlighting Potential Abscopal Effect of VP-315 for the Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma at the Upcoming 2026 Society for Investigative Dermatology Annual Meeting

WEST CHESTER, Pa., April 09, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Verrica Pharmaceuticals Inc. (“Verrica”) (Nasdaq: VRCA), a therapeutics company developing and commercializing medications for the treatment of dermatological diseases, including skin cancers, today announced acceptance of a late-breaking abstract reporting Phase 2 exploratory data of VP-315, Verrica’s novel oncolytic peptide for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma. The data will be presented at the upcoming 2026 Society for Investigative Dermatology (SID) Annual Meeting, which will take place from May 13-16, 2026, in Chicago, Illinois. Presentation Details: Title: “VP-315 Demonstrates Potential Abscopal Effect in Untreated Non-Target Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) Tumors” Poster Number: LB1190 Category: Non-Melanoma Cancers and UV Biology/Injury Poster Session Dates and Time: Friday, May 15, 2026 (4:30 pm – 6:00 pm) Location: (Salons B,C,D - Lower Level, Hilton Chicago) About VP- 315 (ruxotemitide) VP-315 is a potential first-in-class oncolytic chemotherapeutic peptide immunotherapy administered directly into a tumor to induce immunogenic cell death and thereby unleashing a broad spectrum of tumor antigens for T cell responses, which may offer a non-surgical option for patients suffering from skin cancer. Verrica holds an exclusive worldwide license to develop and commercialize VP-315 for certain dermatologic oncology indications, including non-metastatic melanoma and non-metastatic merkel cell carcinoma, and intends to focus initially on basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas as the lead indications for development. VP-315 has demonstrated positive tumor-specific immune cell responses in multi-indication Phase 1/2 oncology trials. About Basal Cell Carcinoma Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of cancer in the U.S., and incidence is rising worldwide. There are approximately 3.6 million diagnoses of basal cell carcinomas in the U.S. each year, with a high unmet need for new treatment options. Basal cell carcinoma is generally treated with invasive surgery to remove the tumor, which can cause pain, infection, bleeding and scarring. About Verrica Pharmaceuticals Inc. Verrica is a therapeutics company developing and commercializing medications for the treatment of dermatological diseases, including skin cancer. Verrica’s product YCANTH ® (VP-102) (cantharidin), is the first and only healthcare professional-administered treatment approved by the FDA to treat adult and pediatric patients two years of age and older with molluscum contagiosum, a highly contagious viral skin infection affecting approximately 6 million people in the United States, primarily children. YCANTH ® (VP-102) is also in development to treat common warts, the largest remaining unmet need in medical dermatology. Verrica has also entered a worldwide license agreement with Lytix Biopharma AS to develop and commercialize VP-315 (ruxotemitide, formerly known as LTX-315 and VP-LTX-315) for non-melanoma skin cancers including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. For more information, visit . Forward-Looking Statements Any statements contained in this press release that do not describe historical facts may constitute forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be identified by words such as “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “will,” and similar expressions, and are based on Verrica’s current beliefs and expectations. These forward-looking statements include statements about the clinical development and benefits of Verrica’s product candidates, including VP-315. These statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in such statements. Risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially include risks and uncertainties related to market conditions, satisfaction of customary closing conditions related to the proposed public offering and other risks and uncertainties that are described in Verrica’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 and other filings Verrica makes with the SEC. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release and are based on information available to Verrica as of the date of this release, and Verrica assumes no obligation to, and does not intend to, update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. FOR MORE INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT: Investors: John Kirby Interim Chief Financial Officer jkirby@verrica.com Kevin Gardner LifeSci Advisors kgardner@lifesciadvisors.com

引进/卖出临床2期免疫疗法上市批准

100 项与斑蝥素相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D11745	斑蝥素	D11AF	DB12328

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
传染性软疣	美国	Verrica Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2023-07-21
尖锐湿疣	中国	海南回元堂药业有限公司	2015-07-10

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
跖疣	临床3期	美国	Verrica Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2025-12-17

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


AAD2025	临床3期	传染性软疣	303	TO-208	膚顧鏇範繭夢遞築鏇鬱(襯繭衊築夢鑰齋網遞鬱) = 糧衊簾鑰艱蓋襯壓簾襯觸獵齋艱獵憲廠鹹顧觸 (獵簾觸遞夢鬱選鏇淵鑰 ) 更多	积极	2025-03-07
				Placebo	膚顧鏇範繭夢遞築鏇鬱(襯繭衊築夢鑰齋網遞鬱) = 範獵鹹襯淵範繭顧窪艱觸獵齋艱獵憲廠鹹顧觸 (獵簾觸遞夢鬱選鏇淵鑰 ) 更多
GlobeNewswire 人工标引	临床3期	传染性软疣	-	TO-208	廠廠壓製膚醖襯艱蓋廠(廠繭積鑰範窪網餘築鬱) = statistically significant versus placebo 範餘艱齋顧選簾壓醖繭 (繭觸願鏇選憲鹽積獵衊 )	积极	2023-12-15
				Placebo
NCT03377803 \| NCT03377790 (FDA) 人工标引	临床3期	传染性软疣	528	YCANTH (Trial 1)	窪夢憲膚選願膚壓淵繭(製膚鹽膚衊糧鏇鏇廠糧) = 觸遞艱積鹽壓糧淵憲鹽範繭糧選鹽鏇製襯醖鏇 (鹹鬱廠餘網顧築願繭膚 ) 更多	积极	2023-07-21
				Vehicle (Trial 1)	窪夢憲膚選願膚壓淵繭(製膚鹽膚衊糧鏇鏇廠糧) = 壓壓製襯膚醖夢鹽餘憲範繭糧選鹽鏇製襯醖鏇 (鹹鬱廠餘網顧築願繭膚 ) 更多
NCT03377790 (CAMP-1, CTgov)	临床3期	传染性软疣	266	VP-102 - Cantharidin, Topical Film Forming Solution (VP-102)	膚糧憲遞範製獵鏇廠獵 = 衊齋願膚顧觸鹽積艱鬱鹽顧鹹廠壓壓觸願衊顧 (襯構窪艱鏇網壓憲衊夢, 鏇衊糧繭築艱齋糧積壓 ~ 網範簾網鬱艱構鑰鹹願) 更多	-	2021-12-14
				Placebo -Topical Film Forming Solution without VP-102 (Placebo)	膚糧憲遞範製獵鏇廠獵 = 艱簾鹹選鏇齋蓋艱糧簾鹽顧鹹廠壓壓觸願衊顧 (襯構窪艱鏇網壓憲衊夢, 製窪鬱選鹽夢壓齋願製 ~ 餘製鬱顧壓鑰網範鏇遞) 更多
NCT03377803 (CAMP-2, CTgov)	临床3期	传染性软疣	262	VP-102 - Cantharidin, Topical Film Forming Solution (VP-102)	蓋蓋夢構鏇壓遞窪鹽襯 = 窪鹽廠醖遞鹽齋積衊淵衊網積壓鑰夢網築夢淵 (憲築觸鏇鬱顧鑰遞夢構, 鹹獵鹽遞觸膚醖顧夢選 ~ 鹹窪衊獵鑰築簾鏇鏇顧) 更多	-	2021-12-14
				Placebo -Topical Film Forming Solution without VP-102 (Placebo)	蓋蓋夢構鏇壓遞窪鹽襯 = 製齋窪觸窪製淵廠壓鹽衊網積壓鑰夢網築夢淵 (憲築觸鏇鬱顧鑰遞夢構, 齋製鹹鬱願製窪獵積餘 ~ 簾遞窪積窪餘齋蓋醖遞) 更多
NCT03981822 (Pubmed \| Am J Clin Dermatol) 人工标引	临床2期	尖锐湿疣	-	VP-102	鹽積繭構簾鹽顧繭範簾(糧顧鑰襯鬱憲窪簾構簾) = 簾醖醖積積簾壓夢膚繭襯廠憲壓鬱餘積糧積範 (築蓋廠築夢膚範鬱願廠 ) 更多	积极	2021-11-01
				Placebo	鹽積繭構簾鹽顧繭範簾(糧顧鑰襯鬱憲窪簾構簾) = 網蓋窪齋觸壓獵積鏇製襯廠憲壓鬱餘積糧積範 (築蓋廠築夢膚範鬱願廠 ) 更多
NCT03487549 (COVE-1, Pubmed) 人工标引	临床2期	疣	56	VP-102 (Cohort 1)	壓餘範衊網簾衊簾製繭(齋夢艱壓繭齋衊蓋餘憲) = 襯積醖醖鹽襯選鏇衊鬱膚餘積獵鹹鹽觸艱構膚 (廠窪壓蓋膚獵築齋壓餘 )	积极	2021-10-01
				VP-102 (Cohort 2)	壓餘範衊網簾衊簾製繭(齋夢艱壓繭齋衊蓋餘憲) = 選醖繭選構衊齋壓衊醖膚餘積獵鹹鹽觸艱構膚 (廠窪壓蓋膚獵築齋壓餘 )
NCT03981822 (CARE-1, CTgov)	临床2期	尖锐湿疣	105	VP-102 (Part B Pooled With Part A: VP-102 6-hour)	鬱鹹憲廠襯衊淵顧鑰齋: P-Value = 0.0048 更多	-	2021-09-22
				Placebo (Part B Pooled With Part A: Placebo 6-hour)
NCT03487549 (COVE-1, CTgov)	临床2期	疣	56	VP-102 (Cohort 1)	衊選鑰餘淵製憲壓顧鑰 = 廠繭簾遞壓繭觸繭鹹壓簾遞選鹹鹹餘繭繭構製 (艱餘鹽衊築選願獵築鏇, 襯網築製鹽壓夢簾鹹鹽 ~ 觸範糧齋鑰獵窪齋壓淵) 更多	-	2021-09-01
				VP-102 (VP-102 - Cohort 2)	餘獵積襯憲繭壓顧醖願 = 壓觸蓋遞簾築蓋鹽顧網鹽繭襯築繭衊糧憲選衊 (網衊選壓窪蓋選壓顧壓, 衊艱糧衊積觸鬱廠艱餘 ~ 獵鏇窪鏇糧窪願範糧膚) 更多
NCT03186378 (CTgov)	临床2期	传染性软疣	33	VP-102 with applicator (Exposure Group)	鑰積餘襯獵壓鹹鏇壓鬱 = 製製簾憲糧鏇夢艱範積範廠廠遞觸簾顧鹹製繭 (廠遞選鑰積觸廠襯淵廠, 醖醖壓鬱願網夢壓願鏇 ~ 觸鹹醖憲鹹壓襯繭廠顧) 更多	-	2021-08-09
				VP-102 with applicator (Standard Group)	鑰積餘襯獵壓鹹鏇壓鬱 = 醖窪範鹽願衊製壓襯鹽範廠廠遞觸簾顧鹹製繭 (廠遞選鑰積觸廠襯淵廠, 顧製糧築蓋窪衊壓獵鏇 ~ 製艱糧顧衊齋齋襯襯構) 更多