The study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective functions and the underlying regulatory mechanisms of Tabersonine in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)‐treated neural cells were used as a cell model under I/R context. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to assess the cell viability and the release levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6 and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF‐α)) of treated neural cells. The apoptotic proportions of treated neural cells were analysed by flow cytometry, and the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were quantified by corresponding kits. In this study, molecular docking analysis identified solute carrier family 6 member 2 (SLC6A2) as a potential target of Tabersonine in cerebral infarction, demonstrating a high binding affinity of −7.4 kcal/mol. Tabersonine treatment increased neural cell viability, repressed apoptosis and reduced the release levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α under OGD/R stress. Moreover, Tabersonine treatment reduced ROS levels and increased SOD expression in neural cells under OGD/R treatment. In contrast to the protective effect of SLC6A2 knockdown, its overexpression counteracted the neuroprotection conferred by Tabersonine. Tabersonine also inactivated the NF‐κB pathway partially via SLC6A2. Furthermore, Tabersonine pretreatment demonstrated significant neuroprotective effects in MCAO/R rats, as evidenced by reduced brain edema and attenuated neural inflammation and apoptosis. In conclusion, Tabersonine can alleviate neural impairment in cerebral I/R injury partially by inactivating the NF‐κB pathway through SLC6A2.

2025-10-01·PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

Comparative role of oxidative balance, alkaloid production, and metabolites in exposure to red-to-blue light in Catharanthus roseus

Article

作者: Yu, Huimei ; Li, Xingfan ; Guo, Yang ; Yu, Wei ; Liu, Jia ; Guo, Xiaorui

Light quality is a critical regulator of plant morphology and physiological metabolism, with spectral optimization emerging as a key strategy for enhancing bioactive compound production in medicinal plants. Catharanthus roseus, valued for its alkaloid content, exhibits significant metabolic plasticity in response to light conditions. This study examined the effects of two red-to-blue light ratios [2:1 (R2B1) and 7:1 (R7B1)] on morphophysiological responses, metabolite profiles, and alkaloid accumulation in C. roseus, using white light as a control. Both R2B1 and R7B1 altered plant morphology and enhanced alkaloid synthesis. R2B1 notably increased antioxidant enzyme activity, while R7B1 boosted non-enzymatic antioxidants and phenolic compounds. The Integrative Biomarker Response version 2 analysis identified R7B1 as the optimal treatment for promoting the accumulation of bioactive compounds. Untargeted metabolomics revealed that R7B1 enhanced sugar levels and induced tissue-specific changes in organic acid metabolism. Correlation analysis suggested that red-to-blue light promotes alkaloid biosynthesis by modulating antioxidant systems and key metabolic pathways. These findings highlight the potential of red-to-blue light optimization to enhance alkaloid production in C. roseus, providing valuable insights into the regulation of secondary metabolism and practical strategies for improving bioactive compound yields in medicinal plants.

2025-08-01·INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS

Dynamics of growth and production of indole anti-cancer alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus shoot cultures cultivated in flasks and nutrient sprinkle bioreactor

作者: Kochan, Ewa ; Urbaniak, Ksenia ; Szymanska, Grazyna ; Lipert, Anna ; Miskiewicz, Karolina ; Rosicka-Kaczmarek, Justyna

Caharanthus roseus produces about 130 terpene-indole alkaloids (TIA).Currently, valuable anti-cancer metabolites (e.g. vincristine, vinblastine) are obtained from field crops, but with very small efficiency.The alternative method of obtaining these compounds may be in vitro shoot cultures of periwinkle rosea leading to increase TIA yield and reducing the costs of alkaloid isolation.C. roseus shoots were grown on WP medium with NAA (0.1 mg·L^-1) and BAP (1 mg·L^-1) in 250 mL flasks during 12 wk.The highest increase in dry mass was obtained after 70 days.The maximum content of the six identified metabolites (vindoline, vincristine, vinblastine, catharanthine, ajmalicine, tabersonine) was observed between the 42nd and 70th day of culture (about 29 mg·L^-1).This is the first study, in which shoot cultures were cultured in scale up using 5 L nutrient sprinkle bioreactor (NSB).NSB ensures the maintenance of optimal culture conditions, such as nutrition supply and aeration.The yield of metabolites was 25 mg·L^-1 in bioreactor shoot cultures after 46 days.The profile of individual alkaloids changed during the experiment and was different in the flasks and in the bioreactor, however, the most abundant were always catharanthine and vindoline.Obtained results suggest that cultivation condition influence the dynamic of indole alkaloid biosynthesis.C. roseus shoot cultivation in NSB is a first, but promising, step in the scale-up of biomass and TIA productionIn the future, to achieve efficient and economically viable TIA biosynthesis, the optimalization of this process at genetic level and with biotechnol. method application are required.

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