预约演示
更新于：2026-10-03
C-Peptide
更新于：2026-10-03
概要
基本信息
原研机构 |
在研机构- |
权益机构- |
最高研发阶段终止临床2期 |
首次获批日期- |
最高研发阶段(中国)- |
特殊审评- |
登录后查看时间轴
结构/序列
分子式C129H211N35O48 |
InChIKeyVOUAQYXWVJDEQY-QENPJCQMSA-N |
CAS号33017-11-7 |
Sequence Code 63678
关联
5
项与 C-Peptide 相关的临床试验NCT06801769
Study for the Identification of a Quantitative Eco-Elastographic Score of Pancreatic Steatosis and Its Correlation With Beta-Cell Function and Metabolic Syndrome.
**Brief Summary of the SPES Clinical Study**
The SPES clinical study aims to evaluate the relationship between pancreatic fat accumulation (pancreatic steatosis) and metabolic health. Pancreatic steatosis has been linked to conditions like type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome, but the underlying mechanisms and its impact on beta-cell function remain poorly understood.
The primary goal of this study is to develop a quantitative ultrasound elastography score to measure the degree of pancreatic steatosis and explore how this relates to pancreatic beta-cell function and key factors associated with the development of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
A secondary goal is to categorize participants into four risk classes for type 2 diabetes based on their metabolic profiles and correlate these classes with the degree of pancreatic steatosis. This may provide insights into individual risk stratification for T2D and related complications.
The study will enroll 100 participants, aged 18 to 80, attending the Endoscopic Ultrasound Unit at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli in Rome. Participants will undergo endoscopic ultrasound for various clinical reasons, excluding those with pancreatic tumors, cystic fibrosis, or insulin-treated diabetes. Key inclusion criteria include controlled blood glucose levels (HbA1c < 10% or fasting glucose < 250 mg/dL) and the ability to understand and provide informed consent.
The study is interventional but does not involve drugs or medical devices. Participants will attend a visit where medical history, physical measurements (e.g., BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure), glucose tolerance tests, and blood work will be collected. This comprehensive approach aims to better understand the metabolic implications of pancreatic steatosis and its role in type 2 diabetes development.
The study will last 24 months, including the enrollment period. Findings may contribute to improved risk stratification, prevention, and management strategies for type 2 diabetes and related conditions.
The SPES clinical study aims to evaluate the relationship between pancreatic fat accumulation (pancreatic steatosis) and metabolic health. Pancreatic steatosis has been linked to conditions like type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome, but the underlying mechanisms and its impact on beta-cell function remain poorly understood.
The primary goal of this study is to develop a quantitative ultrasound elastography score to measure the degree of pancreatic steatosis and explore how this relates to pancreatic beta-cell function and key factors associated with the development of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
A secondary goal is to categorize participants into four risk classes for type 2 diabetes based on their metabolic profiles and correlate these classes with the degree of pancreatic steatosis. This may provide insights into individual risk stratification for T2D and related complications.
The study will enroll 100 participants, aged 18 to 80, attending the Endoscopic Ultrasound Unit at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli in Rome. Participants will undergo endoscopic ultrasound for various clinical reasons, excluding those with pancreatic tumors, cystic fibrosis, or insulin-treated diabetes. Key inclusion criteria include controlled blood glucose levels (HbA1c < 10% or fasting glucose < 250 mg/dL) and the ability to understand and provide informed consent.
The study is interventional but does not involve drugs or medical devices. Participants will attend a visit where medical history, physical measurements (e.g., BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure), glucose tolerance tests, and blood work will be collected. This comprehensive approach aims to better understand the metabolic implications of pancreatic steatosis and its role in type 2 diabetes development.
The study will last 24 months, including the enrollment period. Findings may contribute to improved risk stratification, prevention, and management strategies for type 2 diabetes and related conditions.
开始日期2025-03-17 |
NCT06470295
On the Regulation of Hepatic Glucose Metabolism During Insulin-induced Hypoglycemia
Iatrogenic hypoglycemia is the most prominent barrier to the safe, effective management of blood sugar in people with type 1 diabetes due to periodic over-insulinization. During insulin-induced hypoglycemia, glucagon secretion is diminished in type 1 diabetes which, in turn, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases the depth and duration of hypoglycemic episodes. We have observed that the naturally occurring protein C-peptide increases glucagon secretion in dogs during insulin-induced hypoglycemia, which increases hepatic glucose production; the experiments in this application will shed light on the translation of this finding to the human.
开始日期2024-06-01 |
JPRN-jRCTs051180058
Defining a novel law of glucose homeostasis under Dapagliflozin usage by mathematical model approach (Defining a novel law of glucose homeostasis under Dapagliflozin usage by mathematical model approach)
开始日期2016-11-01 |
申办/合作机构- |
100 项与 C-Peptide 相关的临床结果
登录后查看更多信息
100 项与 C-Peptide 相关的转化医学
登录后查看更多信息
100 项与 C-Peptide 相关的专利（医药）
登录后查看更多信息
330
项与 C-Peptide 相关的文献（医药）2026-10-01·DIABETES CARE
The Importance of C-Peptide for Developing T1D Disease-Modifying Therapies
Review
作者: Mathieu, Chantal ; Skyler, Jay S. ; Fleming, G. Alexander
In type 1 diabetes (T1D), preservation of β-cell function is correlated with improved long-term clinical outcomes, such as better glycemic control, fewer microvascular complications, and lower hypoglycemia risk. However, current interventions thus far are unable to stop the destruction of β-cells after clinical onset of T1D. Disease-modifying therapies must follow a long, complex regulatory path requiring clinical end points for full regulatory approval. To facilitate the development of new therapies, regulatory bodies should reinstate C-peptide, the most reliable and feasible measure of endogenous insulin secretion, as an end point for full, unconditional approval. T1D organizations and networks have accepted C-peptide as a primary efficacy end point for years, as did the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) from 2008 to 2023, followed by its failure to appear on the Surrogate Endpoint Table by the FDA, for unclear reasons. A C-peptide–based policy would substantially decrease the time for disease-modifying therapies to become available and increase investment in them, improving clinical outcomes and easing burden in those living with T1D.
2026-09-01·FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Sustained human C-peptide protects against retinal neurodegeneration via PEDF restoration and oxidative stress inhibition in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration
Article
作者: Ha, Kwon-Soo ; Jeon, Hye-Yoon ; Kim, Minsoo ; Yoon, Ji-Seok ; Koh, Tae-Yong ; Moon, Chan-Hee ; Cho, Woo Ri
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly. The molecular events that initiate retinal degeneration in dry AMD remain incompletely understood, and effective therapeutic options are limited. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of K9-C-peptide against sodium iodate (NaIO3)-induced retinal neurodegeneration and explored its underlying molecular mechanisms. K9-C-peptide markedly attenuated NaIO3-induced retinal apoptosis, thinning, and structural disruption. These protective effects were accompanied by significant suppression of ROS generation, decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inhibition of reactive gliosis. Mechanistically, K9-C-peptide restored NaIO3-induced downregulation of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). Consistently, intravitreal administration of hydrogel-formulated PEDF similarly reduced oxidative stress and retinal degeneration, supporting a central role for PEDF in mediating the protective effects of K9-C-peptide. Both K9-C-peptide and PEDF improved impaired axonal transport, further confirming their neuroprotective efficacy. Notably, sustained intraocular delivery of human C-peptide or PEDF conferred robust protection against NaIO3-induced retinal neurodegeneration for at least three weeks following a single administration. These findings suggest that K9-C-peptide may serve as a long-acting therapeutic candidate that targets early oxidative and inflammatory events, potentially through PEDF restoration, in NaIO3-induced retinal degeneration. This study provides mechanistic insight into the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions of C-peptide-based therapy in dry AMD-like pathology.
2026-08-21·MEDICINE
Evaluating the relationship between C-peptide levels and insulin resistance in patients with and without diabetic complications
Article
作者: Siddiqui, Khalid ; Alfadda, Assim A. ; Rafiullah, Mohamed ; Mujammami, Muhammad ; David, Satish Kumar ; George, Teena P. ; Nawaz, Shaik Sarfaraz ; Joy, Salini S.
The precise role of C-peptide remains a subject of ongoing research, particularly in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by both insulin resistance (IR) and beta cell dysfunction. This study evaluates the association between C-peptide levels and IR, insulin secretion, and beta cell function independent of other risk factors in T2DM patients with and without complications. This cross-sectional study included 91 T2DM participants with or without diabetic complications. Clinical variables, routine biochemical tests, and serum C-peptide levels were measured after overnight fasting. The levels of biomarkers (fasting insulin, C-peptide, resistin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα]) were measured using a Randox Evidence biochip analyzer. Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) of IR and beta-cell function was calculated using the software HOMA 2 calculator. The C-peptide index was also computed using a widely accepted formula. The mean fasting insulin (
P
< .001), homeostatic model assessment of IR (
P
= .001), homeostatic model assessment of beta cell function (
P
= .002), C-peptide index (
P
< .001), and TNFα (
P
= .022) were significantly increased with tertiles of C-peptide. Patients with diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy had significantly higher levels of C-peptide. C-peptide levels significantly increased with the number of complications (
P
= .010). The C-peptide levels were significantly associated with fasting insulin (
P
< .000), homeostatic model assessment of beta cell function (
P
= .011), C-peptide index (
P
< .000), homeostatic model assessment of IR (
P
< .000), and resistin (
P
= .018) after adjustment for confounding factors such as age, gender, diabetes duration, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HbA1c, TNFα, and antidiabetic drugs (metformin and sulfonylurea) in diabetic patients with complications. This study illustrated the clinical utility of C-peptide in microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Moreover, C-peptide can be used as an appropriate index for identifying IR in T2DM patients with complications.
74
项与 C-Peptide 相关的新闻（医药）2026-09-27
*本资料仅供医疗卫生专业人士参考，请勿向非医疗卫生专业人士发放
截至09月27日15点59分，近期共有 349 本期刊发布了 1660 篇文章，其中糖尿病相关的文章共 535 篇，覆盖 37 个领域的内容。中国专家参与发表的文章有 107 篇。今日，影响因子最高的文章刊登在 Journal of hepatology (IF: 33.000) 期刊上。
今日头条
Headlines
01 Journal of hepatology IF: 33.000 多靶点血液检测用于肝细胞癌早期检测：前瞻性ALTUS研究的横断面分析
Binu V John, Mark Camardo, Amit G Singal, Neehar D Parikh, Ju Dong Yang, Lewis R Roberts, etc.
全球约有3.5亿人面临肝细胞癌风险。超声筛查虽被推荐，但早期敏感性差且依从性低。本研究旨在评估多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测对比超声在早期肝细胞癌检测中的非劣效性及特异性。
这项前瞻性、多中心研究于2021年7月至2025年6月在美国开展，纳入符合常规肝细胞癌筛查条件的肝硬化或慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染成人，进行多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测与标准超声的头对头比较。所有参与者均接受计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像作为参考标准。共同主要终点为多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测对比超声在早期肝细胞癌敏感性上的非劣效性（并序贯检验优效性）及多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测的特异性。次要终点为任何分期肝细胞癌的敏感性。
在3089例参与者中，2293例具有配对的超声和多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测结果可供评估。共检出37例肝细胞癌，其中27例根据Milan标准分类为早期。早期肝细胞癌敏感性：多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测为66.7%（95%置信区间，47.8-81.4%），超声为22.2%（95%置信区间，10.6-40.8%），证实多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测在预设的5%界值内非劣效。多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测的特异性为81.8%（95%置信区间，80.1-83.4%），未达到预设的共同主要终点82%。超声特异性为98.6%（95%置信区间，98.0-99.0%）。任何分期肝细胞癌敏感性：多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测为73.0%（95%置信区间，57.0-84.6%），超声为29.7%（95%置信区间，17.5-45.8%）。采血过程中未发生严重不良事件。
结论：多靶点肝细胞癌血液检测对早期肝细胞癌的观察敏感性高于超声，配对绝对差异为44.4%（95%置信区间，20.2-63.8%）；然而，特异性未达到预设目标。
试验注册：该试验已在ClinicalTrials.gov注册（NCT05064553）。
本文由 天纳乾坤 编辑
扫描二维码查看源文
Journal of hepatology | Ahead of Print.
10.1016/j.jhep.2026.09.011
02 Nature genetics IF: 29.000 全基因组图谱揭示常见与罕见变异对儿童期肥胖的影响
Katherine A Kentistou, Jonas Sundfjord, Roya Karimi, Lena R Kaisinger, Robin J Hofmeister, Nicolas Fragoso-Bargas, etc.
目前对肥胖遗传结构的认识主要基于成人研究，儿童期数据较为稀疏。为此，研究人员开展了年龄分层的遗传关联研究，针对客观测量的儿童期肥胖相关性状（n=62,276）或回忆的儿童期肥胖相关性状（有效样本量=599,924）进行分析，识别出624个与儿童期肥胖相关的常见变异，其中三分之一与成人**体重指数**没有一致关联。
与瘦素-黑素皮质素通路相关的信号（BSX、GNAS、LEPR和PCSK1）以及肠促胰岛素信号（GIPR和GLP1R）显示出对肥胖的儿童期特异性效应。单核RNA测序数据在弓状核和乳头体中识别出儿童期特异性的调节肥胖的细胞群，表明存在专门在儿童期调节肥胖的神经回路。
此外，对479,615名个体进行测序，发现了ADCY3、CALCR、MC4R、MRAP2、POMC和MYH13的罕见蛋白编码变异，这些变异在儿童期表现出比成人更强的关联。研究结果表明，儿童期为研究调节能量平衡的关键内分泌和神经肽通路提供了更敏感的窗口。
本文由 天纳乾坤 编辑
扫描二维码查看源文
Nature genetics | Ahead of Print.
10.1038/s41588-026-02772-y
03 Periodontology 2000 IF: 15.700 持续性高血糖对富血小板纤维蛋白介导的牙周及种植体周围组织再生的潜在影响：生物学机制与临床意义
Fawad Javed, Anton Sculean, Richard J Miron, etc.
富血小板纤维蛋白（PRF）作为一种广泛使用的自体生物材料，在牙周和种植体周围再生治疗中具有提供三维纤维蛋白支架的能力，该支架富含血小板、白细胞、生长因子和细胞因子。然而，持续性高血糖（如血糖控制不佳的糖尿病患者）会在口腔和全身组织中诱导氧化应激，并损害血管生成和细胞外基质重塑。
本综述旨在概述持续性高血糖对PRF介导的牙周和种植体周围组织再生的潜在影响，并深入理解其生物学机制和临床意义。研究问题为“持续性高血糖状态是否影响PRF介导的牙周和种植体周围组织再生？”研究者检索了索引数据库和Google Scholar，无时间和语言限制，截至2026年8月。
结果显示，评估持续性高血糖对PRF影响的证据仍然有限，主要局限于离体、体外和观察性研究。然而，现有数据一致表明，血糖控制不佳的糖尿病与PRF结构改变相关，包括孔隙率增加、凝块尺寸减小、PRF产量减少以及纤维蛋白网架组织性降低。有限证据还表明，尽管在高血糖条件下PRF的生长因子释放可能得以保留，但来自血糖控制良好的糖尿病患者的PRF在结构和生物学特征上与全身健康个体相似。这表明当血糖水平得到充分控制时，PRF的再生能力可能得以保留。
结论指出，血糖控制似乎是PRF质量和再生结局的关键决定因素。然而，缺乏评估直接再生结局的前瞻性临床研究，这凸显了需要精心设计的临床试验来阐明持续性高血糖对PRF介导的牙周和种植体周围再生的影响。
在临床相关性方面，持续性高血糖可能主要通过改变纤维蛋白结构来损害PRF的再生潜力，这可能进一步导致凝块更快分解以及在慢性炎症环境中生物反应性受损。然而，迄今为止有限的数据表明，有效的血糖控制和患者教育可能有助于保持有利于牙周和种植体周围组织再生的PRF特征。
本文由 天纳乾坤 编辑
扫描二维码查看源文
Periodontology 2000 | Ahead of Print.
10.1111/prd.70094
中国发表（107）
China
Biogerontology IF: 04.100Volume 27, Issue 5No.01Perilla frutescens extract reduces fat accumulation and promotes longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans via modulation of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway紫苏提取物通过调控胰岛素/IGF-1信号通路减少秀丽隐杆线虫脂肪积累并促进长寿DOI: 10.1007/s10522-026-10507-z
Fish physiology and biochemistry IF: 02.500Volume 52, Issue 5No.02Short-chain fatty acids alleviate metabolic disturbances induced by high-carbohydrate diets in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)短链脂肪酸缓解高碳水化合物饲料诱导的大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）代谢紊乱DOI: 10.1007/s10695-026-01802-0
Metabolism IF: 11.900Ahead of Print.No.03ETS-2 deficiency impairs brown adipose tissue function through Prdm16 repressionETS-2缺失通过抑制Prdm16损害棕色脂肪组织功能DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156788
J Physiol Biochem IF: 04.300Volume 82, Issue 1No.04Nucleotide metabolic reprogramming: a "double-edged sword" in obesity-related inflammation-from metabolic adaptation to pathological imbalance核苷酸代谢重编程：肥胖相关炎症中的“双刃剑”——从代谢适应到病理失衡DOI: 10.1007/s13105-026-01238-3
Journal of inflammation research IF: 04.100Volume 19, Issue No.05Detrimental and Beneficial Diets Regulate Acute Pancreatitis Through Convergent Gut Microbiota Pathways有害与有益饮食通过汇聚的肠道菌群途径调控急性胰腺炎DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S626690
Childhood obesity IF: 01.400Ahead of Print.No.06Effects of Recreational Soccer on Anthropometric Measures, Metabolic Markers, Physical Fitness, and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents with Overweight/Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis休闲足球对超重/肥胖儿童和青少年人体测量指标、代谢标志物、体能和心理健康的影响：系统综述和Meta分析DOI: 10.1177/21532176261492106
Frontiers in nutrition IF: 05.100Volume 13, Issue No.07Correction: The impact of short-term intensive fasting on physical health and gut microbiota in obese individuals更正：短期强化禁食对肥胖个体身体健康和肠道微生物群的影响DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1985899
Frontiers in physiology IF: 03.400Volume 17, Issue No.08Effects of high-fat diet-induced obesity on circulating bone turnover markers in mice: a meta-analysis高脂饮食诱导的肥胖对小鼠循环骨转换标志物的影响：一项meta分析DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2026.1875466
Oncology Letters IF: 02.200Volume 32, Issue 5No.09Circulating PCSK9: A new frontier in cancer risk stratification for obese diabetics循环前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素/kexin 9型：肥胖糖尿病患者癌症风险分层的新前沿DOI: 10.3892/ol.2026.15856
Frontiers in immunology IF: 05.900Volume 17, Issue No.10Gut-placenta axis: gut microbiota metabolites may play a role in regulating maternal-fetal immune tolerance and the pathogenesis of adverse pregnancy outcomes肠-胎盘轴：肠道微生物群代谢物可能参与调控母胎免疫耐受及不良妊娠结局的发病机制DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1960306
Frontiers in pediatrics IF: 02.000Volume 14, Issue No.11Associations between fat-soluble vitamin status, growth, and development in Chinese children aged 3-14 years: a cross-sectional study中国3-14岁儿童脂溶性维生素状态与生长发育的关联：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3389/fped.2026.1829557
Journal of ethnopharmacology IF: 05.400Ahead of Print.No.12Dendrobium Polysaccharides as Anti-Diabetic Agents: Hypoglycemic Mechanisms, and Structure-Activity Relationships石斛多糖作为抗糖尿病药物：降血糖机制与构效关系DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122444
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) IF: 04.500Ahead of Print.No.13Risk factors of primary angle-closure glaucoma: An exposome-wide association study in the China Kadoorie Biobank原发性闭角型青光眼的危险因素：中国Kadoorie Biobank的全暴露组关联研究DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100378
Experimental Eye Research IF: 02.700Ahead of Print.No.14Identification of αSMA lineage cells in the posterior limbal stroma后部角膜缘基质中αSMA谱系细胞的鉴定DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.111259
Int J Biol Macromol IF: 08.500Ahead of Print.No.15A programmed oxidized alginate/chitosan sandwich-layered dressing for sequential regulation of diabetic wound healing一种程序化氧化海藻酸盐/壳聚糖三明治层状敷料用于糖尿病伤口愈合的序贯调控DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.154642
The journal of immunology IF: 03.400Volume 215, Issue 9No.16Mechanism of SGLT2 inhibitors in improving immune imbalance in diabetic mice with sepsis via regulating macrophage M2 polarization through the APOC1/HMGB1/TLR4 axisSGLT2抑制剂通过APOC1/HMGB1/TLR4轴调控巨噬细胞M2极化改善糖尿病脓毒症小鼠免疫失衡的机制DOI: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag240
PeerJ IF: 02.400Volume 14, Issue No.17Integrative identification and preliminary validation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype-related candidate biomarkers in type 2 diabetes2型糖尿病中衰老相关分泌表型候选生物标志物的整合鉴定与初步验证DOI: 10.7717/peerj.21729
Infection and drug resistance IF: 02.900Volume 19, Issue No.18Discriminative Utility of Peripheral Blood Immune-Inflammatory Indices for Chronic Osteomyelitis: A Single-Center Retrospective Case-Control Study外周血免疫炎症指标对慢性骨髓炎的鉴别效用：单中心回顾性病例对照研究DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S618270
Frontiers in surgery IF: 01.800Volume 13, Issue No.19Risk factors for post-traumatic lymphedema after open fractures of the lower leg: a retrospective cohort study小腿开放性骨折后创伤后淋巴水肿的危险因素：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2026.1931485
Global Heart IF: 03.100Volume 21, Issue 1No.20Sleep Phenotype, Shift-Related Occupation, and Coronary Plaque Complexity in Young Adults: Association with CT-Derived Functional Ischemia睡眠表型、轮班相关职业与年轻成人冠状动脉斑块复杂性：与CT衍生功能性缺血的关联DOI: 10.5334/gh.1586
Global Heart IF: 03.100Volume 21, Issue 1No.21Longitudinal Trajectories of Body Roundness Index and Risk of Incident Hypertension in Non-Diabetic Elderly Adults: A Prospective Nationwide Cohort Study Involving Two Cohorts体重指数轨迹与非糖尿病老年人新发高血压风险：一项涉及两个队列的前瞻性全国性队列研究DOI: 10.5334/gh.1587
Clinical kidney journal IF: 04.600Volume 18, Issue 9No.22Bioengineered T-cell therapies for precision immunotherapy in renal transplantation, autoimmune relapse, and sensitization生物工程化T细胞疗法在肾移植、自身免疫复发和致敏中的精准免疫治疗DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfaf248
Sexual medicine IF: 02.000Volume 14, Issue 6No.23Association between a novel nutritional-inflammatory index and testosterone levels: a cross-sectional study一种新型营养-炎症指数与睾酮水平之间的关联：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.1093/sexmed/qfag091
Front Cell Dev Biol IF: 04.300Volume 14, Issue No.24Extracellular vesicles in wound healing and scar formation: molecular regulation of macrophages, fibroblasts, and their crosstalk细胞外囊泡在伤口愈合与瘢痕形成中的作用：巨噬细胞、成纤维细胞的分子调控及其交互对话DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2026.1917543
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.25Association of finerenone with graded proteinuria improvement in type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease and proteinuria >1 g/d: a retrospective cohort study非奈利酮与2型糖尿病合并慢性肾脏病及蛋白尿>1 g/d患者蛋白尿分级改善的关联：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1908577
PeerJ IF: 02.400Volume 14, Issue No.26Development and validation of a risk prediction model for postoperative frailty in breast cancer patients乳腺癌患者术后衰弱风险预测模型的开发与验证DOI: 10.7717/peerj.21733
Endocrine IF: 02.900Volume 91, Issue 1No.27Co-occurrence patterns and related risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease2型糖尿病与代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病的共现模式及相关风险因素DOI: 10.1007/s12020-026-04810-5
Frontiers in public health IF: 03.400Volume 14, Issue No.28Systematic review and meta-analysis of risk prediction models for anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury in East Asian populations东亚人群抗结核药物性肝损伤风险预测模型的系统评价与Meta分析DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1958154
Talanta IF: 06.100Ahead of Print.No.29Quantitative detection of the diabetic retinopathy-associated microRNA-1281 via a CRISPR/Cas12a-RCA ratiometric sensing platform基于CRISPR/Cas12a-RCA比率传感平台的糖尿病视网膜病变相关microRNA-1281定量检测DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2026.130655
Clinical ophthalmology IF: 02.200Volume 20, Issue No.30Advanced Glycation End Products and Metabolic-Mechanical Coupling in Diabetic Retinopathy晚期糖基化终末产物与糖尿病视网膜病变中的代谢-力学耦合DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S635236
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.31A six-metabolite signature characterizes metabolically unhealthy obesity and reveals hidden metabolic risk within metabolically healthy obesity六种代谢物特征可区分代谢不健康型肥胖并揭示代谢健康型肥胖中的隐藏代谢风险DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1910610
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.32Association of the composite dietary antioxidant index with advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: A cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2001-2018复合膳食抗氧化指数与美国成人晚期心血管-肾脏-代谢综合征的关联：基于NHANES 2001-2018的横断面研究DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050849
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.33Dose-response and time-course effects of ecnoglutide in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy埃诺格鲁肽治疗2型糖尿病的剂量-反应与时间-效应：有效性的系统评价与荟萃分析DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1934027
Front Cell Dev Biol IF: 04.300Volume 14, Issue No.34Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in ovarian function and oocyte competence: from molecular transporters to early embryonic development卵巢功能与卵母细胞能力中的线粒体钙稳态：从分子转运体到早期胚胎发育DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2026.1963467
Frontiers in public health IF: 03.400Volume 14, Issue No.35Prevalence, functional impact, and associated factors of knee osteoarthritis and knee pain among adults in Urumqi, Northwest China: a community-based cross-sectional study中国西北乌鲁木齐成年人膝骨关节炎与膝痛的患病率、功能影响及相关因素：一项基于社区的横断面研究DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1903768
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.36Self-Reported Chronotype and Diet Quality in Chinese Adolescents: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study in Xiamen中国青少年自我报告睡眠时型与饮食质量：来自厦门横断面研究的见解DOI: 10.3390/nu18183097
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.37Dietary Behaviours Mediate Intervention Effects on Body Composition Outcomes in Children: Evidence from a Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial饮食行为在儿童身体成分干预效果中的中介作用：来自整群随机对照试验的证据DOI: 10.3390/nu18183051
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.38Zanthoxylum bungeanum Essential Oil Alleviates Obesity and Dysregulated Lipid Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Mice: A Multi-Omics Study Linking Gut Microbiota to Fatty Acid Metabolism花椒精油缓解饮食诱导肥胖小鼠的肥胖和脂质代谢紊乱：一项连接肠道菌群与脂肪酸代谢的多组学研究DOI: 10.3390/nu18182950
Microorganisms IF: 04.200Volume 14, Issue 9No.39Lactational Enrofloxacin Exposure Promotes Offspring Lipid Metabolic Disorder and Adiposity Involving Gut Microbiota-Derived LPS and PPARγ Signaling哺乳期恩诺沙星暴露通过肠道菌群来源的LPS和PPARγ信号促进子代脂质代谢紊乱和肥胖DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms14091964
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.40Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Local and Systemic Communication in Metabolic Diseases细胞外囊泡介导的代谢性疾病局部与全身通讯DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188287
Gels IF: 05.300Volume 12, Issue 9No.41A Comparative Study of Commercial 3D Printers for Food Fabrication Based on Printing Ink Gels基于打印墨水凝胶的商用食品3D打印机的比较研究DOI: 10.3390/gels12090777
Foods IF: 05.100Volume 15, Issue 18No.42Bioactive Compounds from Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms in Obesity-Depression Comorbidity: Gut-Brain Axis Mechanisms and Functional Food Perspectives食用和药用蘑菇中的生物活性化合物在肥胖-抑郁共病中的作用：肠-脑轴机制与功能食品前景DOI: 10.3390/foods15183265
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.43Association of Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity with Chronic Kidney Disease Risk: A Machine Learning Analysis Based on NHANES and CHARLS估算脉搏波速度与慢性肾脏病风险的关联：基于NHANES和CHARLS的机器学习分析DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14183125
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.44Metabolic Vulnerability and Regenerative Failure of the External Urethral Sphincter: A Ferroptosis-Associated Framework for Stress Urinary Incontinence外尿道括约肌的代谢脆弱性与再生失败：压力性尿失禁的铁死亡相关框架DOI: 10.3390/biom16091376
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.45FTO-Driven m6A Demethylation of TNC Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Gastric Cancer MetastasisFTO驱动的TNC m6A去甲基化促进上皮-间质转化和胃癌转移DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091958
Am J Respir Crit Care Med IF: 19.400Ahead of Print.No.46The Synergistic Risk of Respiratory Effort and Obesity Phenotype in OSA Prognosis呼吸努力与肥胖表型在OSA预后中的协同风险DOI: 10.1093/ajrccm/aamag516
International journal of obesity IF: 03.800Ahead of Print.No.47Bidirectional crosstalk between obesity and the lymphatic system: a novel pathway in obesity pathogenesis and treatment肥胖与淋巴系统之间的双向交互作用：肥胖发病机制与治疗的新途径DOI: 10.1038/s41366-026-02178-0
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.48Associations of ASIC2, IKZF3, and GSDMB Variants with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Their Interactions with Environmental Exposures Among Chinese WomenASIC2、IKZF3和GSDMB基因变异与妊娠期糖尿病的关联及其与环境暴露的交互作用：一项中国女性研究DOI: 10.3390/biom16091373
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.49Effects of short-bout accumulated physical activity and sedentary-break interventions on continuous glucose monitoring metrics in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis短时累积体力活动与久坐中断干预对成人2型糖尿病患者连续血糖监测指标的影响：系统综述与荟萃分析DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1901259
Frontiers in oncology IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue No.50Metaplastic breast cancer: a clinicopathological analysis of nine cases highlighting diagnostic challenges and aggressive behavior化生性乳腺癌：九例临床病理分析揭示诊断挑战与侵袭性行为DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1852513
J Diabetes Investig IF: 03.000Ahead of Print.No.51M1 macrophage-derived exosomes aggravate diabetic nephropathy by regulating the WTAP/S1PR2 axisM1巨噬细胞来源的外泌体通过调控WTAP/S1PR2轴加重糖尿病肾病DOI: 10.1111/jdi.70446
Microorganisms IF: 04.200Volume 14, Issue 9No.52Advances in the Production of D-Tagatose Using L-Arabinose Isomerase利用L-阿拉伯糖异构酶生产D-塔格糖的研究进展DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms14092085
Microorganisms IF: 04.200Volume 14, Issue 9No.53Association Between Thiazolidinedione Therapy and Tuberculosis-Related Events in Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study噻唑烷二酮类药物治疗与2型糖尿病中结核病相关事件之间的关联：一项基于人群的队列研究DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms14091979
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.54Correction: Lin et al. Cordyceps militaris Enhances Wound Repair Through Regulation of HIF-1α, TGF-β1, and SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in Diabetic Skin. Life 2026, 16, 117更正：Lin等。蛹虫草通过调控HIF-1α、TGF-β1和SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1信号通路增强糖尿病皮肤伤口修复。Life 2026, 16, 117DOI: 10.3390/life16091415
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.55Ceria-Based Nanotherapeutics for Inflammatory Skin Disorders: From Design and Mechanisms to Advanced Delivery and Future Perspectives基于氧化铈的纳米治疗剂用于炎症性皮肤病：从设计与机制到先进递送及未来展望DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188243
Gels IF: 05.300Volume 12, Issue 9No.56Multifunctional Intelligent Hydrogels Based on MnO2 Nanozymes and Ca2+ Signal Regulation for Diabetic Wound Repair基于MnO2纳米酶和Ca2+信号调节的多功能智能水凝胶用于糖尿病伤口修复DOI: 10.3390/gels12090826
Gels IF: 05.300Volume 12, Issue 9No.57Study on Berberine/Glycyrrhizic Acid Monoammonium Salt Self-Assembled Hydrogel for Diabetic Wound Healing小檗碱/甘草酸单铵盐自组装水凝胶用于糖尿病伤口愈合的研究DOI: 10.3390/gels12090799
Foods IF: 05.100Volume 15, Issue 18No.58Reconstituted Rice with Low-Glycemic-Index Potential as an Alternative to Polished Rice: Structural, Cooking, Nutritional, and In Vitro Digestibility Attributes具有低血糖指数潜力的重组米作为精白米替代品：结构、蒸煮、营养及体外消化特性DOI: 10.3390/foods15183297
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.59The Double-Edged Nature of Patient-to-Patient Interactions in Digital Healthcare Communities: A Qualitative Study of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in China数字医疗社区中患者间互动的双刃剑性质：中国2型糖尿病患者的定性研究DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14183025
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.60Differential Associations of Healthy Lifestyle Latent Classes with Glycemic Transitions in Prediabetes: An Observational Study Based on CHARLS健康生活方式潜在类别与糖尿病前期血糖转归的差异关联：基于CHARLS的观察性研究DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14182966
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.61γ-Aminobutyric Acid Alleviates Cadmium Toxicity and Is Associated with Increased Ascorbate and Glutathione Levels in Brassica Speciesγ-氨基丁酸缓解镉毒性并与Brassica物种中抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽水平升高相关DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188394
Toxics IF: 04.100Volume 14, Issue 9No.62Mixed Exposure to Underground Air Pollutants and Metabolic Syndrome in Coal Miners: A Cross-Sectional Study Integrating Multi-Pollutant Models and Urinary Metabolomics煤矿工人井下空气污染物混合暴露与代谢综合征：整合多污染物模型与尿液代谢组学的横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/toxics14090746
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.63Routine Laboratory Parameters in the Differentiation of Spinal Cord Infarction and Seronegative Acute Myelitis: A Retrospective Study常规实验室参数在脊髓梗死与血清阴性急性脊髓炎鉴别诊断中的价值：一项回顾性研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187083
Bioengineering IF: 03.700Volume 13, Issue 9No.64Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study中国中老年人群长期空气污染暴露、心血管疾病与心血管代谢危险因素：一项前瞻性队列研究DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering13090958
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.65The Heart-Kidney Axis in Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease: Mechanisms, Mediators, and Therapeutic Implications心力衰竭与慢性肾脏病中的心肾轴：机制、介质与治疗意义DOI: 10.3390/biom16091241
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.66First-trimester calculated remnant cholesterol and gestational diabetes mellitus in twin pregnancies: a retrospective cohort study双胎妊娠孕早期计算残余胆固醇与妊娠期糖尿病：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1882821
Foods IF: 05.100Volume 15, Issue 18No.67Dual Modulation of Lipid Metabolism by Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis) Saponins Involving PPARα/γ Signaling and Gut Microbiota Remodeling in Obesogenic Diet-Induced Obese Mice赤小豆皂苷通过PPARα/γ信号通路与肠道菌群重塑对肥胖饮食诱导肥胖小鼠脂质代谢的双重调控DOI: 10.3390/foods15183276
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.68Ferroptosis Signatures in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Multi-Omics Discovery and Validation of ACOT1 and TXNIP糖尿病心肌病中的铁死亡特征：ACOT1和TXNIP的多组学发现与验证DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090923
Foods IF: 05.100Volume 15, Issue 18No.69Vincoside Lactam from Edible Uncaria rhynchophylla: A Food-Derived Indole Alkaloid for Dietary Postprandial Glycemic Regulation and Functional Food Development来自可食用钩藤的Vincoside Lactam：一种用于膳食餐后血糖调节和功能食品开发的食品源吲哚生物碱DOI: 10.3390/foods15183329
Genes IF: 02.800Volume 17, Issue 9No.70An Exploratory Single-Cell Analysis Identifies Candidate Shared Molecular Features in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Parkinson's Disease探索性单细胞分析识别增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变与帕金森病中候选共享分子特征DOI: 10.3390/genes17091004
Frontiers in oncology IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue No.71The effects of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on metabolic blood biomarkers and quality of life in patients with breast cancer: a systematic review meta-analysis有氧联合抗阻运动对乳腺癌患者代谢血液生物标志物及生活质量的影响：一项系统综述与荟萃分析DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1900945
Journal of diabetes research IF: 03.400Volume 2026, Issue 1No.72Effects of Different Exogenous Insulin Analog Treatments on the Evaluation of Pancreatic Islet Function in Diabetes不同外源性胰岛素类似物治疗对糖尿病胰岛功能评估的影响DOI: 10.1155/jdr/2572581
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.73The association between dietary protein and gallstones in adults under 60 years old: A cross-sectional study60岁以下成年人膳食蛋白质与胆结石的关联：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050845
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.74Systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity肌少症与肌少症性肥胖生物标志物的系统综述与Meta分析DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050799
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.75Association between the C-Reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index and osteoarthritis risk in prediabetic mellitus adults: A longitudinal analysis from the China health and retirement longitudinal studyC反应蛋白-甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数与糖尿病前期成人骨关节炎风险之间的关联：来自中国健康与养老追踪调查的纵向分析DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050774
Veterinary sciences IF: 02.300Volume 13, Issue 9No.76Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanovesicles for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease植物来源外泌体样纳米囊泡用于代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病DOI: 10.3390/vetsci13090851
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.77Natural Small Molecules Targeting Mitochondrial Quality Control for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases: Mechanisms, Novel Formulations, and Translational Perspectives靶向线粒体质量控制治疗代谢疾病的天然小分子：机制、新型制剂与转化前景DOI: 10.3390/ph19091402
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.78Intra-Subject Variability in Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Basal Insulin at Two Single-Dose Levels: Findings from Euglycemic Glucose Clamp Bioequivalence Studies of Insulin Degludec基础胰岛素在两个单剂量水平下的药代动力学和药效学个体内变异性：来自胰岛素德谷葡萄糖钳夹生物等效性研究的发现DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091051
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.79Fatty Acid Composition, Molecular Species, and Ameliorating Effects of Tilapia Head Phospholipids on High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Mice罗非鱼头磷脂的脂肪酸组成、分子种及其对高脂饮食诱导小鼠代谢综合征的改善作用DOI: 10.3390/nu18183076
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.80Avenanthramides in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction: Mechanisms, Evidence Attribution, and Translational Priorities燕麦蒽酰胺在肥胖相关代谢功能障碍中的作用：机制、证据归因与转化优先事项DOI: 10.3390/nu18183066
Microorganisms IF: 04.200Volume 14, Issue 9No.81Microbiota-Mediator-Host Signaling Networks in Metabolic Syndrome: From Mechanistic Insights to Therapeutic Targeting代谢综合征中的微生物群-介质-宿主信号网络：从机制见解到治疗靶向DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms14091865
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.82Acute Endocrine and Lipid Responses to Extreme Ultramarathon Running Across 100, 308, and 622 km Events100、308和622公里极限超级马拉松跑步的急性内分泌和脂质反应DOI: 10.3390/life16091450
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.83CRISPR Technologies in Type 2 Diabetes: From Mechanistic Insights to Therapeutic DiscoveryCRISPR技术在2型糖尿病中的应用：从机制洞察到治疗发现DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188360
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.84Wheat Bioactive Compounds and Human Health: A Review of Nutraceutical Potential, Molecular Mechanisms and AI-Assisted Functional Food Innovation小麦生物活性化合物与人类健康：营养保健品潜力、分子机制及人工智能辅助功能性食品创新综述DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188290
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.85Overweight/Obesity and Hyperinsulinemia Impair Oocyte Developmental Competence via Cumulus Cell Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress-Mediated Follicular Microenvironment Remodeling超重/肥胖与高胰岛素血症通过卵丘细胞功能障碍和氧化应激介导的卵泡微环境重塑损害卵母细胞发育能力DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188246
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.86Hypoxic Exercise Alleviates Diabetic Skeletal Myopathy in Zebrafish in Association with Hif1a/Foxo3a Signaling and Mitochondrial Quality Control低氧运动通过Hif1a/Foxo3a信号通路和线粒体质量控制缓解斑马鱼糖尿病性骨骼肌病DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188034
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.87Camellia nitidissima Flower Extract Alleviates Dermal Papilla Cell Dysfunction by Regulating 11β-HSD1 and the TGF-β2/Smad and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathways金花茶花提取物通过调控11β-HSD1及TGF-β2/Smad和Wnt/β-Catenin通路缓解真皮乳头细胞功能障碍DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090954
Genes IF: 02.800Volume 17, Issue 9No.88Mosaic Trisomy 14 with Severe Short Stature: A Case Report伴有严重矮小症的14号染色体嵌合三体：一例病例报告DOI: 10.3390/genes17091123
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.89Pathogenesis-Informed Phenotype-Guided Therapy for MASH: A Three-Axis Translational Framework Within the MASLD Spectrum基于发病机制的MASH表型指导治疗：MASLD谱系内的三轴转化框架DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091884
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.90Association of the Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value-to-Albumin Ratio as a Novel Cardiovascular Disease Predictor in Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study泛免疫炎症值-白蛋白比值作为2型糖尿病新型心血管疾病预测因子的关联：一项前瞻性队列研究DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091878
Antioxidants IF: 06.600Volume 15, Issue 9No.91Molecular Mechanisms of Obesity-Associated Oxidative Stress and Therapeutic Strategies肥胖相关氧化应激的分子机制及治疗策略DOI: 10.3390/antiox15091193
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders IF: 02.300Volume 26, Issue 1No.92Association between the triglyceride-glucose-body mass index and the risk of early vascular aging in young and middle-aged Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study甘油三酯-葡萄糖-体重指数与中青年中国成年人早期血管老化风险之间的关联：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.1186/s12872-026-06239-0
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.93PRDM16 as a Multifaceted Pharmacological Target in Kidney Diseases: From Epigenetic Mechanisms to Therapeutic StrategiesPRDM16作为肾脏疾病的多面药理学靶点：从表观遗传机制到治疗策略DOI: 10.3390/ph19091469
Frontiers in public health IF: 03.400Volume 14, Issue No.94Changes in short-chain fatty acids across the glycemic spectrum: a systematic review and meta-analysis短链脂肪酸在血糖谱中的变化：一项系统综述与荟萃分析DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1912172
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.95Higher visceral fat area is inversely associated with ketosis in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study中国2型糖尿病患者中较高的内脏脂肪面积与酮症呈负相关：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1948929
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.96The effectiveness of self-care interventions in working-age adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis自我护理干预对工作年龄2型糖尿病成人患者的有效性：系统综述与荟萃分析DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1941060
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.97Association between atherogenic index of plasma and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数与2型糖尿病患者抑郁之间的关联：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050889
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.98Consensus In Silico Pharmacodynamic Screening of Twelve Fabaceae Isoflavones Targeting Glycation, Oxidative Stress, Antidiabetic Activity, and NF-κB-Related Inflammation针对糖化、氧化应激、抗糖尿病活性及NF-κB相关炎症的十二种豆科异黄酮共识性计算机药效学筛选DOI: 10.3390/ph19091353
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.99Serum Levels of 18 Trace Elements and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Propensity Score-Matched Case-Control Study in Northwest Chinese Adults18种微量元素血清水平与2型糖尿病：中国西北地区成人倾向性评分匹配病例对照研究DOI: 10.3390/nu18183068
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.100Establishment of Serum Cholesterol Sulfate Reference Intervals and Evaluation of Its Diagnostic and Metabolic Associations in Chinese Adults中国成人血清硫酸胆固醇参考区间的建立及其诊断与代谢关联评估DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16182953
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.101Targeted Regulation of Pancreatic Islet Function by Natural Products Against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Advances and Prospects天然产物靶向调控胰岛功能对抗2型糖尿病：进展与前景DOI: 10.3390/biom16091338
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.102Echinatin Ameliorates Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in db/db MiceEchinatin改善db/db小鼠的胰岛素抵抗和肝脏脂质积累DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092091
Drugs IF: 14.400Ahead of Print.No.103GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis with Phenotype-Specific Effects and Dual Analytical FrameworksGLP-1受体激动剂在心力衰竭中的应用：一项具有表型特异性效应和双重分析框架的系统评价与荟萃分析DOI: 10.1007/s40265-026-02380-4
Scand Cardiovasc J IF: 01.000Ahead of Print.No.104Responder Analysis of Adaptive Postural Balance Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial适应性姿势平衡心脏康复运动在冠状动脉疾病合并2型糖尿病患者中的应答者分析：一项随机试验的二次分析DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2026.2732500
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.105Quantitative evaluation of the effect of hyperlipidemia on carotid artery stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using shear wave elastography剪切波弹性成像定量评估高脂血症对2型糖尿病患者颈动脉僵硬度的影响DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050829
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.106Iron, Copper, and Zinc Dyshomeostasis in Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases: Redox Mechanisms, Evidence Levels, and Translational Prospects心血管和脑血管疾病中铁、铜和锌的稳态失衡：氧化还原机制、证据级别和转化前景DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188053
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.107Decreased Plasma IGF-1 Is Associated with Cortical Atrophy, but Not Concomitant Cerebrovascular Disease in Alzheimer's Dementia血浆胰岛素样生长因子1降低与阿尔茨海默病痴呆的皮质萎缩相关，但与伴随的脑血管疾病无关DOI: 10.3390/biom16091248
其他发布内容（425）
More Published Articles
Frontiers in surgery IF: 01.800Volume 13, Issue No.01Case Report: Unicentric Castleman disease at the superior border of the pancreatic body mimicking a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor: a case report and literature reviewDOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2026.1947071
J Diabetes Metab Disord IF: 01.600Volume 25, Issue 2No.02Pooled prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysisDOI: 10.1007/s40200-026-02079-z
J Diabetes Metab Disord IF: 01.600Volume 25, Issue 2No.03Pulmonary embolism and diabetes-related-mortality in United States: temporal trends and epidemiologic shiftsDOI: 10.1007/s40200-026-02092-2
Frontiers in nutrition IF: 05.100Volume 13, Issue No.04Preoperative oral carbohydrate administration in adult elective surgery: protocol heterogeneity, regional practice patterns and evidence gaps-a scoping reviewDOI: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1943627
Euroasian J HepatogastroenterolVolume 16, Issue 1No.05Predictors of Mortality in End-stage Renal Disease Patients Presenting with Upper Gastrointestinal BleedingDOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1499
Tissue & cell IF: 02.500Ahead of Print.No.06Empagliflozin shields brain from methotrexate toxicity: Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 activation prevents ferroptosis and chemo-brain in ratsDOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103975
J Am Acad Dermatol IF: 11.800Ahead of Print.No.07Metformin as a Senomorphic Adjunct in Immune-Mediated DermatosesDOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2026.08.128
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy IF: 07.500Ahead of Print.No.08Spheroid maturation determines drug response and establishes a mechanism-informed framework for analytical endpoint validation in three-dimensional lung cancer modelsDOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2026.119952
Euroasian J HepatogastroenterolVolume 16, Issue 1No.09Necrotizing Oesophagitis Associated with Ketoacidosis: A Case Series Exploring the Diagnostic Dilemma of Metabolic Overlap SyndromesDOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1507
Frontiers in immunology IF: 05.900Volume 17, Issue No.10Integrative single-cell and bulk transcriptomics uncovers a lipid metabolism-related lncRNA signature alongside the ELFN1-AS1/LYPLA1 axis driving osteosarcoma progressionDOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1945005
J Diabetes Metab Disord IF: 01.600Volume 25, Issue 2No.11Cumulative non-HDL cholesterol exposure and risk of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome progression: a nationwide longitudinal study from CHARLSDOI: 10.1007/s40200-026-02090-4
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.12Serum magnesium and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: a retrospective cohort studyDOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1938560
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.13The association between maternal diabetes and the risk of epilepsy in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis母亲糖尿病与子代癫痫风险之间的关联：一项系统评价与荟萃分析DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1960502
Nutrition IF: 03.000Ahead of Print.No.14Short-term macronutrient-specific diets induce distinct metabolic changes detectable in blood and saliva短期特定宏量营养素饮食诱导可在血液和唾液中检测到的不同代谢变化DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113412
Endocrinology IF: 03.300Ahead of Print.No.15Free fatty acid receptor 4 agonism stimulates insulin secretion via different mechanisms in mouse versus human islets游离脂肪酸受体4激动剂在小鼠与人类胰岛中通过不同机制刺激胰岛素分泌DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqag111
Vet Res Commun IF: 02.000Volume 50, Issue 6No.16A methyl donor and an essential oil: Performance, economic efficiency, serum biochemistry, histomorphometry, and appetite/growth-related gene expression in broilers甲基供体与精油：肉鸡生产性能、经济效益、血清生化、组织形态计量及食欲/生长相关基因表达DOI: 10.1007/s11259-026-11523-7
Journal of animal science IF: 02.900Ahead of Print.No.17Supplementation with Bacillus-based direct-fed microbials for developing beef heifers: impacts on fecal and vaginal microbiome, growth, and reproductive performance基于芽孢杆菌的直接饲喂微生物制剂对发育期肉牛母牛补充：对粪便和阴道微生物组、生长及繁殖性能的影响DOI: 10.1093/jas/skag313
Curēus IF: 01.300Volume 18, Issue 8No.18Iatrogenic Dextrose Hyperosmolar Extravasation Injury in Suspected Endogenous Hyperinsulinism疑似内源性高胰岛素血症中高渗葡萄糖外渗性损伤的医源性病例DOI: 10.7759/cureus.115223
The FEBS journal IF: 04.200Ahead of Print.No.19Drosophila midgut tumor-induced insulin resistance systemically remodels lymph gland hematopoiesis during cancer cachexia果蝇中肠肿瘤诱导的胰岛素抵抗在癌症恶病质中系统性重塑淋巴腺造血DOI: 10.1111/febs.70741
ACS physical chemistry Au IF: 04.300Volume 6, Issue 5No.20Characterization of the pH-Dependent Stabilizing Forces of Insulin's Native and Fibril States胰岛素天然态与纤维态pH依赖性稳定力的表征DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.6c00045
Frontiers in aging neuroscience IF: 04.500Volume 18, Issue No.21Editorial: Understanding IGF-I's impact on neurocognitive aging: insights and therapeutic directions社论：理解IGF-I对神经认知衰老的影响：见解与治疗方向DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2026.1973617
Frontiers in nutrition IF: 05.100Volume 13, Issue No.22Metabolomics profile in diabetes and blood glucose regulation: a systematic review糖尿病与血糖调控中的代谢组学特征：一项系统综述DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1929989
In silico pharmacologyVolume 14, Issue 3No.23Integrated network pharmacology, molecular docking, ADMET profiling and In vitro α-amylase inhibitory evaluation of Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. Against diabetes mellitus整合网络药理学、分子对接、ADMET预测及体外α-淀粉酶抑制评价Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn.抗糖尿病作用DOI: 10.1007/s40203-026-00756-8
Euroasian J HepatogastroenterolVolume 16, Issue 1No.24Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Narrative Review of Residual Gastric Contents Aspiration Risk and Periprocedural Management胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂与上消化道内镜检查：残余胃内容物误吸风险及围手术期管理的叙述性综述DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1502
Curēus IF: 01.300Volume 18, Issue 8No.25Association Between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Non-diabetic Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数与非糖尿病成人新发心血管疾病的关联：一项前瞻性队列研究DOI: 10.7759/cureus.115208
In silico pharmacologyVolume 14, Issue 3No.26Abietic acid attenuates hyperglycemia and oxidative stress via TLR4-mediated inflammation and PPAR-γ-Nrf2 activation: evidence from network pharmacology and in vivo validation松香酸通过TLR4介导的炎症和PPAR-γ-Nrf2激活减轻高血糖和氧化应激：来自网络药理学和体内验证的证据DOI: 10.1007/s40203-026-00743-z
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.27Triglyceride-glucose index as a metabolic risk marker for adverse outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review and meta-analysisDOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1909829
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.28Factors associated with sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusDOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1933664
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.29Repurposing a prostate tumor marker: elevated FPSA/TPSA ratio as a novel non-invasive biomarker for declining eGFR in male type 2 diabetesDOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1905743
J Trace Elem Med Biol IF: 03.300Ahead of Print.No.30Vanadium in environmental and biological systems: From industrial contaminant to insulin-mimetic agent环境与生物系统中的钒：从工业污染物到胰岛素模拟剂DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2026.127965
Obes Res Clin Pract IF: 02.300Ahead of Print.No.31CNR2 inverse-agonist AM630 increases citrate synthase activity in the skeletal muscle of diet induced obese ratsCNR2反向激动剂AM630增加饮食诱导肥胖大鼠骨骼肌中的柠檬酸合酶活性DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2026.09.005
Kidney international IF: 12.600Ahead of Print.No.32Long-term outcomes of childhood nephrotic syndrome儿童肾病综合征的长期结局DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2026.06.054
Clinical nutrition ESPEN IF: 02.600Ahead of Print.No.33Feasibility and clinical impact of a tailored nutritional protocol in pediatric elite athletes with Cerebral Palsy: a pilot study定制营养方案在脑瘫儿童精英运动员中的可行性及临床影响：一项初步研究DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.105136
J Am Acad Dermatol IF: 11.800Ahead of Print.No.34Metabolic syndrome and early-onset androgenetic alopecia: A retrospective matched case-control study with a novel risk scoring system代谢综合征与早发性雄激素性脱发：一项采用新型风险评分系统的回顾性匹配病例对照研究DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2026.09.084
Clinical nutrition IF: 07.400Ahead of Print.No.35Creatine for glucagon-like peptide-1-associated muscle loss肌酸用于胰高血糖素样肽-1相关肌肉流失DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106805
Immunobiology IF: 02.300Ahead of Print.No.36Impact of obesity on LAG-3 and CTLA-4 expression in CD4+ T cells from lymph nodes of sarcoidosis patients肥胖对结节病患者淋巴结CD4+ T细胞LAG-3和CTLA-4表达的影响DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2026.153248
Archives of medical research IF: 03.400Ahead of Print.No.37Developmental Origins of Health and Disease: The role of Clostridioides difficile Colonization of Gut Microbiota During Infancy健康与疾病的发育起源：婴儿期肠道微生物群中艰难梭菌定植的作用DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103526
Journal of robotic surgery IF: 03.000Volume 20, Issue 1No.38Robotic versus open (or laparoscopic) hysterectomy: a comprehensive review of clinical, surgical, and economic outcomes机器人对比开腹（或腹腔镜）子宫切除术：临床、手术及经济学结局的综合综述DOI: 10.1007/s11701-026-04002-3
Obesity surgery IF: 03.100Ahead of Print.No.39Crural Repair with or without Fundoplication During Sleeve Gastrectomy for Hiatal Hernia: Reflux Recurrence and Intrathoracic Migration at 18 Months袖状胃切除术中食管裂孔疝修补联合或不联合胃底折叠术：18个月反流复发与胸腔内迁移DOI: 10.1007/s11695-026-08958-x
Int Urogynecol J IF: 01.800Ahead of Print.No.40Impact of Surgical Weight Loss Interventions on Urinary Incontinence in Obese Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis减重手术干预对肥胖女性尿失禁的影响：系统评价与荟萃分析DOI: 10.1007/s00192-026-06701-9
Cell biochemistry and function IF: 02.700Volume 44, Issue 9No.41Therapeutic Potential of Alkanna tinctoria Root in Ameliorating Obesity-Associated Hepatic, Adipose, and Reproductive Dysfunctions in Diet-Induced Obese ZebrafishAlkanna tinctoria根在改善饮食诱导肥胖斑马鱼中肥胖相关肝脏、脂肪和生殖功能障碍方面的治疗潜力DOI: 10.1002/cbf.70313
Rheumatology IF: 04.400Ahead of Print.No.42Obesity is more strongly associated with physical performance and body composition than sarcopenia in patients with spondyloarthritis在脊柱关节炎患者中，肥胖与体力表现和身体成分的关联比肌肉减少症更强DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keag530
Nephrol Dial Transplant IF: 05.600Ahead of Print.No.43Obesity and chronic kidney disease: a cardio-kidney-metabolic framework for renal vulnerability and risk stratification肥胖与慢性肾脏病：肾脏易感性和风险分层的CKM框架DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfag221
J Multidiscip Healthc IF: 02.400Volume 19, Issue No.44Impact of Multimorbidity on Mental Illness in the United Arab Emirates: A Review多病共存对阿拉伯联合酋长国精神疾病的影响：一篇综述DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S624773
Frontiers in nutrition IF: 05.100Volume 13, Issue No.45Gut dysbiosis induced by sunflower oil-based sucrose-free high-fat diet leads to steatohepatitis葵花籽油基无蔗糖高脂饮食诱导的肠道菌群失调导致脂肪性肝炎DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1831803
Childhood obesity IF: 01.400Ahead of Print.No.46Interpreting Divergent Child Obesity Surveillance Signals During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparing Parent-Reported NSCH and Measured NHANES, United States, 2016-2023解读COVID-19大流行期间儿童肥胖监测信号的差异：比较家长报告的NSCH与实测的NHANES，美国，2016-2023年DOI: 10.1177/21532176261492812
Health affairs scholarVolume 4, Issue 9No.47Precision nutrition testing is the future of personalized care: evidence and coverage policies for equitable access精准营养检测是个性化医疗的未来：证据与覆盖政策促进公平可及DOI: 10.1093/haschl/qxag247
Health science reports IF: 02.100Volume 9, Issue 10No.48Knowledge, Practice, and Socio-Behavioral Determinants of Physical Activity Among Tunisian Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study突尼斯医学生体力活动的知识、实践及社会行为决定因素：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.73158
DUSUNEN ADAM IF: 00.400Volume 39, Issue 3No.49Peroneal neuropathy with foot drop after bariatric surgery: A neurosurgical perspective减重手术后腓神经病变伴足下垂：神经外科视角DOI: 10.14744/DAJPNS.2026.00337
Frontiers in sleepVolume 5, Issue No.50Physical exercise as a modulator of the sleep-obesity interaction: metabolic, neuroendocrine and circadian mechanisms体力活动作为睡眠-肥胖相互作用的调节因子：代谢、神经内分泌与昼夜节律机制DOI: 10.3389/frsle.2026.1943600
Obesity pillarsVolume 20, Issue No.51Investigating seizures in bariatric surgery patients: Pre- and postoperative perspectives: A systematic review减重手术患者癫痫发作的调查：术前与术后视角的系统综述DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2026.100326
Lancet Reg Health SEA IF: 06.200Volume 54, Issue No.52Iodine nutrition, thyroid function, and thyroid autoimmunity four decades after Universal Salt Iodisation in India: a cross-sectional study among schoolchildren (ICMR-SALT-T 1)印度实施全民食盐加碘四十年后的碘营养、甲状腺功能与甲状腺自身免疫：一项针对学龄儿童的横断面研究（ICMR-SALT-T 1）DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2026.100866
Gastroenterology report IF: 04.200Volume 14, Issue No.53Navigating TIPS in the era of ageing and metabolic comorbidity: a contemporary narrative review of risk, resilience, and outcomes在老龄化与代谢共病时代导航TIPS：关于风险、韧性与结局的当代叙述性综述DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goag103
Int J Eat Disord IF: 04.300Ahead of Print.No.54Examining Diagnostic Criteria for Atypical Anorexia Nervosa Post Metabolic Bariatric Surgery代谢减重手术后非典型神经性厌食症诊断标准的检验DOI: 10.1002/eat.70214
Euroasian J HepatogastroenterolVolume 16, Issue 1No.55Dapagliflozin in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Clinical Evidence and Therapeutic Potential达格列净在代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病中的临床证据与治疗潜力DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1501
Frontiers in nutrition IF: 05.100Volume 13, Issue No.56Prevalence and non-invasive predictive models of vitamin D insufficiency in Paraguayan youth: the role of body composition and traditional mate consumption巴拉圭青年维生素D不足的患病率及非侵入性预测模型：体成分与传统马黛茶消费的作用DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1953400
J Formos Med Assoc IF: 02.500Ahead of Print.No.57Sudomotor dysfunction is associated with loss of residual renal function in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis接受腹膜透析的患者中，泌汗功能障碍与残余肾功能丧失相关DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2026.09.031
Molecular metabolism IF: 06.600Ahead of Print.No.58Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes: beyond single nucleotide variant studies2型糖尿病的遗传学：超越单核苷酸变异研究DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2026.102449
JCMR IF: 06.100Ahead of Print.No.59Current Role and Future Utility of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in the Assessment of Patients prior to and following Cardiac Transplantation - A narrative review心血管磁共振在心脏移植前后患者评估中的当前作用与未来应用——叙述性综述DOI: 10.1016/j.jocmr.2026.102804
Clinical nutrition ESPEN IF: 02.600Ahead of Print.No.60Residual Appendicular Lean Mass as a Marker of Metabolic Capacity: Association with Insulin Resistance in Korean Adults残余四肢瘦体重作为代谢能力标志物：与韩国成人胰岛素抵抗的关联DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.105146
Annals of epidemiology IF: 03.000Ahead of Print.No.61Red Light, Green Light: Activity Fragmentation and All-Cause Mortality in United States Adults红灯、绿灯：美国成年人活动碎片化与全因死亡率DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2026.110293
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol IF: 03.500Ahead of Print.No.62Suitability of the ICH S1B(R1) Weight-of-Evidence Framework to Evaluate Glucagon-Like Protein-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1RA) Carcinogenicity RiskICH S1B(R1) 证据权重框架评估胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂致癌风险的适用性DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2026.106252
Patient education and counseling IF: 03.100Ahead of Print.No.63Preference and participation in a randomized controlled trial of self-management support自我管理支持随机对照试验中的偏好与参与DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2026.110314
Biochem Biophys Res Commun IF: 02.200Ahead of Print.No.64Combined exercise training and resveratrol supplementation modulate diabetes-related factors and mitochondrial biogenesis in male diabetic rats exposed to acute acoustic stress联合运动训练与白藜芦醇补充对暴露于急性声应激的雄性糖尿病大鼠糖尿病相关因子及线粒体生物发生的影响DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2026.154635
Endocrinology IF: 03.300Ahead of Print.No.65miR-483 deficiency promotes loss of pancreatic beta-cell identity and aberrant glucagon production under metabolic stressmiR-483缺失在代谢应激下促进胰腺β细胞身份丢失和异常胰高血糖素产生DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqag110
J Clin Endocrinol Metab IF: 05.100Ahead of Print.No.66Key Findings on the Efficacy and Safety of Testosterone Therapy from Two Large Randomized Trials两项大型随机试验关于睾酮治疗有效性与安全性的关键发现DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgag397
Osteoporosis international IF: 05.400Ahead of Print.No.67Demographic and clinical differences between individuals with and without DXA scans in Denmark丹麦接受与未接受DXA扫描个体的人口学和临床差异DOI: 10.1007/s00198-026-08222-z
Obesity surgery IF: 03.100Ahead of Print.No.68Patient Perceptions and Barriers to Metabolic Bariatric Surgery Among Adults with Obesity in the West Bank, Palestine: A Cross-Sectional Study巴勒斯坦西岸地区肥胖成人对减重手术的认知与障碍：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.1007/s11695-026-08951-4
Gut microbes IF: 11.000Volume 18, Issue 1No.69Plasma indole-3-propionic acid is a gut-derived metabolite and is associated with type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic outcomes: Evidence from a human antibiotic intervention血浆吲哚-3-丙酸是一种肠道来源代谢物，并与2型糖尿病及心血管代谢结局相关：来自人类抗生素干预的证据DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2026.2736321
Diabetologia IF: 10.200Ahead of Print.No.70The impact of physical activity and exercise timing on metabolic health among individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes体力活动与运动时机对2型糖尿病高风险人群代谢健康的影响DOI: 10.1007/s00125-026-06871-7
J Biomater Sci Polym Ed IF: 03.600Ahead of Print.No.71MXene-based multifunctional wound dressings for diabetic wound healing: mechanisms, smart sensing, material integration and translational challenges基于MXene的多功能伤口敷料用于糖尿病伤口愈合：机制、智能传感、材料整合与转化挑战DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2026.2736164
JoVE IF: 01.000Volume 0, Issue 235No.72Treadmill Exercise is Associated with Intestinal Barrier and Cardiac Nlrp3 Gene Expression Changes in Diabetic Mice跑台运动与糖尿病小鼠肠道屏障及心脏Nlrp3基因表达变化相关DOI: 10.3791/73903
J Am Geriatr Soc IF: 04.500Ahead of Print.No.73All Hypoglycemia Is Not Created Equal所有低血糖并非生而平等DOI: 10.1111/jgs.70709
Andrology IF: 03.400Ahead of Print.No.74Cross-Sectional Study of the PREValence of Erectile DysfunctIon in the Arteriopathic Population (PREVEDI)动脉疾病人群中勃起功能障碍患病率的横断面研究（PREVEDI）DOI: 10.1111/andr.70406
Subst Use Addctn JAhead of Print.No.75Exploring Provider Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Opioid-Induced Androgen Deficiency Through the Lens of the Theory of Planned Behavior基于计划行为理论探索医疗服务提供者对阿片类药物诱导的雄激素缺乏的知识和态度DOI: 10.1177/29767342261469763
Curēus IF: 01.300Volume 18, Issue 8No.76Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy Among Patients With Diabetes in Rural Warangal in India: A Cross-Sectional Study印度瓦朗加尔农村地区糖尿病患者中糖尿病自主神经病变的横断面研究DOI: 10.7759/cureus.115194
Case reports in endocrinology IF: 00.900Volume 2026, Issue No.77Recurrent Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Weeks After SGLT2 Inhibitor Cessation: A Case ReportSGLT2抑制剂停药数周后复发性正常血糖糖尿病酮症酸中毒：一例病例报告DOI: 10.1155/crie/9610048
Curēus IF: 01.300Volume 18, Issue 8No.78Association of the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Index With Biochemical Parameters in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数与急性缺血性卒中生化参数的关联：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.7759/cureus.115247
RSC advances IF: 04.600Ahead of Print.No.79Metal-organic framework-based wearable electrochemical glucose sensors for sweat analysis: materials design, sensing mechanisms, and future perspectives基于金属有机框架的可穿戴电化学汗液葡萄糖传感器：材料设计、传感机制与未来展望DOI: 10.1039/d6ra06028e
Curēus IF: 01.300Volume 18, Issue 8No.80Persistent Neonatal Hypocalcemia as an Early Clue to TCIRG1-Related Infantile Osteopetrosis in an Infant of a Diabetic Mother: A Case Report持续性新生儿低钙血症作为糖尿病母亲婴儿中TCIRG1相关婴儿型骨硬化症的早期线索：一例病例报告DOI: 10.7759/cureus.115229
Health science reports IF: 02.100Volume 9, Issue 10No.81Molecular Epidemiology of TGF-β1 Gene Variants and Their Relationship With Adult Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Visiting Injibara Comprehensive Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia: A Case-Control StudyTGF-β1基因变异分子流行病学及其与埃塞俄比亚西北部Injibara综合医院成人2型糖尿病患者的关联：病例对照研究DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.73298
J Shoulder Elb ArthroplastVolume 10, Issue 4No.82Clinical and functional outcomes for bone tunnel vs. suture anchor lesser tuberosity osteotomy repair in total shoulder arthroplasty骨隧道与缝线锚钉在肩关节置换术中修复小结节截骨术的临床和功能结局比较DOI: 10.1016/j.jsea.2026.100072
Frontiers in medicine IF: 03.000Volume 13, Issue No.83From clinical records to community care: using real-world evidence in Ayurveda从临床记录到社区照护：在阿育吠陀中应用真实世界证据DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1895750
JCEM case reportsVolume 4, Issue 11No.84Episodic hypercortisolemia-mediated periods of worsening hyperglycemia in cyclic Cushing syndrome周期性库欣综合征中发作性高皮质醇血症介导的血糖恶化期DOI: 10.1210/jcemcr/luag279
JCEM case reportsVolume 4, Issue 11No.85High metanephrines with adrenal hemorrhage: a diagnostic dilemma肾上腺出血伴甲氧基肾上腺素升高：诊断困境DOI: 10.1210/jcemcr/luag282
Glob Cardiol Sci PractVolume 2026, Issue 4No.86Sex-based differences in myocardial perfusion imaging among diabetic Egyptian patients:a retrospective registry study埃及糖尿病患者心肌灌注显像的性别差异：一项回顾性注册研究DOI: 10.21542/gcsp.2026.35
Frontiers in pharmacology IF: 04.800Volume 17, Issue No.87Impaired vascular function in gestational diabetes: evidence for metabolic memory, endothelial dysfunction and altered smooth muscle cell biology妊娠期糖尿病中的血管功能受损：代谢记忆、内皮功能障碍与平滑肌细胞生物学改变的证据DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1907433
Glob Cardiol Sci PractVolume 2026, Issue 4No.88Seven-day mortality and its predictors among patients with acute coronary syndrome in southwestern Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study埃塞俄比亚西南部急性冠脉综合征患者七日死亡率及其预测因素：一项前瞻性队列研究DOI: 10.21542/gcsp.2026.32
Curēus IF: 01.300Volume 18, Issue 8No.89Serum Uric Acid Levels in the First Trimester of Pregnancy and the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study妊娠早期血清尿酸水平与妊娠期糖尿病发生：一项前瞻性队列研究DOI: 10.7759/cureus.115200
Curēus IF: 01.300Volume 18, Issue 8No.90Iron Deficiency, Iron Deficiency Anemia, and HbA1c Levels in Nondiabetic Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis非糖尿病成人中的铁缺乏、缺铁性贫血与HbA1c水平：系统综述与荟萃分析DOI: 10.7759/cureus.115191
Clinical case reports IF: 00.600Volume 14, Issue 10No.91Chronic Central Adrenal Insufficiency in a Patient With Remote Traumatic Brain Injury and an Apparently Adequate Standard-Dose ACTH Response: A Case Report陈旧性创伤性脑损伤患者标准剂量促肾上腺皮质激素反应看似充分却存在慢性中枢性肾上腺功能不全：一例病例报告DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.73582
Front Artif Intell IF: 04.700Volume 9, Issue No.92A two-stage deep learning framework with progressive feature fusion and attention mechanisms for multi-class retinal disease classification基于渐进式特征融合与注意力机制的两阶段深度学习框架用于多类视网膜疾病分类DOI: 10.3389/frai.2026.1925302
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.93γδ T-cell interferon-γ production reflects metabolic improvement during SGLT2 inhibitor-based therapy in type 2 diabetesγδ T细胞干扰素-γ产生反映2型糖尿病基于SGLT2抑制剂治疗期间的代谢改善DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1922668
Internal and emergency medicine IF: 03.800Ahead of Print.No.94Oral semaglutide vs DPP-4 inhibitors in reducing risk of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with HFpEF and obesity口服司美格鲁肽与DPP-4抑制剂在降低老年射血分数保留的心力衰竭合并肥胖患者认知障碍风险中的比较DOI: 10.1007/s11739-026-04539-z
EJPC IF: 07.500Ahead of Print.No.95Long-term Trends in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Ischemic Outcomes after Myocardial Infarction心肌梗死后上消化道出血与缺血结局的长期趋势DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwag508
EJPC IF: 07.500Ahead of Print.No.96When Wearables See What We Cannot: Are Athletes’ Heart Rate Monitors Becoming Arrhythmia Surveillance Tools?当可穿戴设备看到我们无法看到的东西：运动员的心率监测器正在成为心律失常监测工具吗？DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwag454
GLIA IF: 05.100Volume 74, Issue 12No.97Interleukin-17A Links Obesity-Induced Inflammation to Behavioral Disorders and Autonomic Imbalance白细胞介素-17A将肥胖诱导的炎症与行为障碍和自主神经失衡联系起来DOI: 10.1002/glia.70237
Annals of African medicine IF: 00.600Ahead of Print.No.98Clinical Correlation between Screening Test STOP-BANG Score and Body Mass Index with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Patients with Sleep-disordered Breathing筛查测试STOP-BANG评分和体重指数与睡眠呼吸障碍患者阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停严重程度的临床相关性DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_352_26
Veterinary sciences IF: 02.300Volume 13, Issue 9No.99Functional Classification of Tropical Cattle Feeding Systems Reveals Consistent Associations with Dairy Lipid Quality, Enteric Methane Emissions, and Preclinical Metabolic Outcomes: A Multi-Study Narrative Synthesis热带牛饲养系统的功能分类揭示与乳脂质量、肠道甲烷排放及临床前代谢结局的稳定关联：一项多研究叙述性综合DOI: 10.3390/vetsci13090988
Viruses IF: 03.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.100Eating Habits and Possible Effects of Mediterranean Diet on Body Composition in Ageing People Living with HIV in Two Italian Centres两个意大利中心老年HIV感染者的饮食习惯及地中海饮食对身体成分的可能影响DOI: 10.3390/v18090931
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.101Aqueous Extract of Buddleja globosa Modulates Oxidative Stress-Induced Senescence-Associated Responses in THP-1-Derived MacrophagesBuddleja globosa水提物调节THP-1衍生巨噬细胞中氧化应激诱导的衰老相关反应DOI: 10.3390/ph19091447
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.102Calcifediol Treatment Improves Skin Wound Healing in Vitamin D Deficiency Obese Rats骨化二醇治疗改善维生素D缺乏肥胖大鼠的皮肤伤口愈合DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091175
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.103Associations Between Maternal and Cord Blood Leptin Levels and Anthropometry of Mothers and Infants母体与脐血瘦素水平及母婴人体测量学指标的关联DOI: 10.3390/nu18183105
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.104Vitamin D Status in Polish Military Personnel: Associations with Supplementation, Seasonality, and the GC rs2282679 Polymorphism波兰军人维生素D状况：与补充、季节性和GC rs2282679基因多态性的关联DOI: 10.3390/nu18183041
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.105Revealing Hidden Patterns: Harnessing Correspondence Analysis to Explore Maternal Lifestyle Profiles and Gestational Weight Gain揭示隐藏模式：利用对应分析探索母亲生活方式特征与妊娠期体重增加DOI: 10.3390/nu18183038
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.106Sex-Dependent Lipidomic Remodeling in Plasma and Feces Following High-Fat Diet Intake in Adult Rats成年大鼠摄入高脂饮食后血浆和粪便中性别依赖的脂质组重塑DOI: 10.3390/nu18183014
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.107Therapeutic Potential of Berberine in Obesity-Associated Neuroinflammation Through Shared Molecular Pathways: TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK, ROS/NRF2 and NLRP3小檗碱通过共享分子通路TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK、ROS/NRF2和NLRP3治疗肥胖相关神经炎症的潜力DOI: 10.3390/nu18183000
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.108Biochemical-Anthropometric Indices Assessing Liver Steatosis Identified in Elastography in Children with Metabolic DysFunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease在代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病儿童中评估弹性成像所识别肝脏脂肪变性的生化-人体测量指标DOI: 10.3390/nu18182996
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.109The NUTRI-OBEDIGITHUM Pathway: Integrating Personalized Exchange-Based Nutrition into Digitally Enabled Obesity Care and a Retrospective Real-World Cohort AnalysisNUTRI-OBEDIGITHUM路径：将个性化基于交换的膳食营养整合到数字化肥胖照护中及一项回顾性真实世界队列分析DOI: 10.3390/nu18182985
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.110A Food-Based Sequential KETOgenic Nutritional Protocol for Mediterranean Diet Non-Responders with COMPlicated Obesity: A Real-World Observational Study (KETOCOMP)针对地中海饮食无应答的复杂肥胖患者的食物为基础序贯生酮营养方案：一项真实世界观察性研究（KETOCOMP）DOI: 10.3390/nu18182982
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.111Dietary Matcha Attenuates High-Fat High-Sugar Diet-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy in Association with Gut Microbiota Remodeling in Mice膳食抹茶通过重塑小鼠肠道菌群减轻高脂高糖饮食诱导的心肌细胞肥大DOI: 10.3390/nu18182961
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.112Accumulation and Time-Dependent Changes in Unfavorable Eating Behaviors and the Risk of Incident Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated and Alcohol-Related/Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study不良饮食行为的累积和时间依赖性变化与代谢功能障碍相关及酒精相关/伴随脂肪性肝病发病风险：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.3390/nu18182957
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.113Interactions Between Genetic Risk and Macronutrient Intake on Obesity-Related Traits in Sri Lankan Adults遗传风险与宏量营养素摄入对斯里兰卡成年人肥胖相关特征的交互作用DOI: 10.3390/nu18182951
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.114Weight Gain During SSRI Therapy: The Potential Role of the Gut Microbiota-A Narrative Review and Mechanistic Hypothesis选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂治疗期间的体重增加：肠道微生物群的潜在作用——叙述性综述与机制假说DOI: 10.3390/nu18182940
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.115Fall-Related Physical Function, Executive Function, and Myokine Responses in Older Women with Obesity Participating in a 16-Week Combined Aquatic Exercise Program: A Prospective Observational Study参与16周联合水中运动项目的肥胖老年女性跌倒相关身体机能、执行功能与肌因子反应：一项前瞻性观察性研究DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091667
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.116Effect of Pressure-Controlled Versus Volume-Controlled Ventilation on Gastric Insufflation During i-gel Use in Adults: A Randomised Controlled Trial压力控制通气与容量控制通气对成人i-gel使用期间胃充气的影响：一项随机对照试验DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091657
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.117Relationship Between Cognitive Performance and Anthropometric Status, Dietary Diversity, and Diet Quality in Older Turkish Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study土耳其老年人认知表现与人体测量状况、膳食多样性和饮食质量之间的关系：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187280
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.118Radiographic Changes in Patellar Height Following Rapid Weight Loss After Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Retrospective Observational Study袖状胃切除术后快速减重导致髌骨高度影像学变化：一项回顾性观察性研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187137
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.119Temporal Patterns of Body Composition After Heart and Lung Transplantation Assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis通过生物电阻抗分析评估心脏和肺移植后身体成分的时间模式DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187034
Microorganisms IF: 04.200Volume 14, Issue 9No.120Dietary Fructose and Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: Metabolic, Microbial, and Translational Perspectives膳食果糖与早发性结直肠癌：代谢、微生物及转化视角DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms14092046
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.121Autophagy and Mitophagy in Hypertensive Chronic Kidney Disease: Evidence Grading, Cell-Type Divergence, and a Working Lysosomal Hypothesis高血压慢性肾脏病中的自噬与线粒体自噬：证据分级、细胞类型差异及一个工作性溶酶体假说DOI: 10.3390/life16091481
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.122Bile Microbiota Profiling in Obese and Non-Obese Patients: A Comparison of Shotgun Metagenomics and 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing肥胖与非肥胖患者胆汁微生物群分析：鸟枪法宏基因组学与16S rRNA扩增子测序的比较DOI: 10.3390/life16091474
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.123Sex Differences, Depressive Symptoms, and Early Blood Pressure Control After Hospital Discharge in Cardiovascular Patients: A Prospective Observational Single-Center Study性别差异、抑郁症状与心血管患者出院后早期血压控制：一项前瞻性观察性单中心研究DOI: 10.3390/life16091454
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.124The Probiotic Strain Hafnia Alvei HA4597 and Its Protein Extract Selectively Activate Membrane Digestive Enzymes of Intestinal Cells in Mice益生菌株Hafnia alvei HA4597及其蛋白提取物选择性激活小鼠肠道细胞膜消化酶DOI: 10.3390/life16091445
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.125Critical Care Management of Severe Acute Pancreatitis: Current Concepts, Clinical Challenges, and Future Perspectives重症急性胰腺炎的危重症管理：当前概念、临床挑战与未来展望DOI: 10.3390/life16091407
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.126The Wound-Heart Axis: Can Chronic Wounds Contribute to Cardiac Dysfunction?伤口-心脏轴：慢性伤口是否会导致心脏功能障碍？DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188138
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.127Targeted 3.34-Million CpG Site Sequencing Reveals Preliminary Cord Blood Epigenetic Alterations of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study Highlighting the PCDHA1-PCDHA8 Cluster靶向334万CpG位点测序揭示自闭症谱系障碍的脐血表观遗传初步改变：一项突出PCDHA1-PCDHA8基因簇的初步研究DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188038
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.128BMAL1 Dysregulation as a Contributing Mechanism Linking Obesity to Oocyte and Endometrial Dysfunction in IVFBMAL1失调作为连接肥胖与体外受精中卵母细胞及子宫内膜功能障碍的贡献机制DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188001
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.129Motor Competence in Greek Adolescents Using Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd Edition: Associations with Individual and Environmental Factors使用儿童运动评估成套工具第二版评估希腊青少年的运动能力：与个体及环境因素的关联DOI: 10.3390/children13091260
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.130Outcome of Targeted Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children with Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)靶向治疗对肥胖合并代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的结局DOI: 10.3390/children13091241
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.131Actual Body Weight and the Parent's Perspective of Child's Body Weight Among Canadian First Nations Children加拿大第一民族儿童的实际体重与家长对儿童体重的认知DOI: 10.3390/children13091197
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.132Associations Between 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Anthropometric and Body Composition Indicators in Ecuadorian Preschool Children: SUNRISE Pilot Study厄瓜多尔学龄前儿童24小时运动行为与人体测量及身体成分指标的关联：SUNRISE试点研究DOI: 10.3390/children13091129
Foods IF: 05.100Volume 15, Issue 18No.133Unraveling the Food Matrix Components Underlying Glycemic Response in Yellow Popcorn Hybrids (Zea mays var. 'Everta')解析黄色爆裂玉米杂交种（Zea mays var. 'Everta'）血糖反应背后的食物基质组分DOI: 10.3390/foods15183333
Foods IF: 05.100Volume 15, Issue 18No.134Urinary Hypaphorine as a Candidate Marker of FFQ-Derived Legume Intake Within the EAT-Lancet Framework in Free-Living Adults尿液中Hypaphorine作为自由生活成人EAT-Lancet框架下FFQ来源豆类摄入的候选标志物DOI: 10.3390/foods15183279
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.135CT Attenuation Thresholds for Grading Hepatic Steatosis in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease用于对超重或肥胖成人及代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病患者脂肪性肝病分级的CT衰减阈值DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16182996
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.136Changes in Body Composition and Sexual Satisfaction Following Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Women with Obesity: A Prospective Study肥胖女性减重手术后身体成分与性满意度的变化：一项前瞻性研究DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14182954
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.137Genetic Assessment of Oesophageal Safety of GLP-1 and GIP Receptor Perturbation: A Drug-Target Mendelian Randomisation StudyGLP-1和GIP受体扰动食管安全性的遗传学评估：一项药物靶点孟德尔随机化研究DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091887
Biology IF: 03.500Volume 15, Issue 18No.138Associations Between FTO (Fat Mass- and Obesity-Associated) Gene Allelic Load and Heart Rate Responses to Submaximal Exercise in Humans: A Cross-Sectional StudyFTO（脂肪量和肥胖相关）基因等位基因负荷与人类次极量运动心率反应的关联：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/biology15181607
Behavioral sciences IF: 02.500Volume 16, Issue 9No.139Therapists' and Researchers' Perspectives on a Transdiagnostic Ecological Momentary Intervention "EmoGuia" for Emotional Disorders: A Consensual Qualitative Study治疗师和研究人员对针对情绪障碍的跨诊断生态瞬时干预“EmoGuia”的看法：一项共识质性研究DOI: 10.3390/bs16091546
Antioxidants IF: 06.600Volume 15, Issue 9No.140Urinary Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs Reveal a Coordinated Stress-Response Network Linked to Advanced Glycation End-Products in Children and Adolescents尿液细胞外囊泡来源的miRNA揭示与儿童和青少年晚期糖基化终产物相关的协调应激反应网络DOI: 10.3390/antiox15091150
Antioxidants IF: 06.600Volume 15, Issue 9No.141Phytochemicals and Irisin as Multi-Target Regulators of Adipose Tissue Browning and Metabolic Reprogramming: Synergies with GLP-1 Pathways植物化学物与鸢尾素作为脂肪组织棕色化和代谢重编程的多靶点调节因子：与GLP-1通路的协同作用DOI: 10.3390/antiox15091143
J Occup Med Toxicol IF: 02.700Volume 21, Issue 1No.142Sedentary behavior and activity patterns in Swedish log truck drivers - a descriptive cross-sectional study瑞典原木卡车司机的久坐行为与体力活动模式——一项描述性横断面研究DOI: 10.1186/s12995-026-00531-7
Front Clin Diabetes Healthc IF: 02.200Volume 7, Issue No.143Fetal behavior as a window to later gross motor function: a 10-year follow-up of children prenatally exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus胎儿行为作为后续大肌肉运动功能的窗口：产前暴露于妊娠期糖尿病儿童的10年随访研究DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2026.1938676
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.144Association Between E-Health Literacy and OGTT Status at Study Enrollment Among Pregnant Women孕妇入组时电子健康素养与口服葡萄糖耐量试验状态之间的关联DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14183026
Frontiers in public health IF: 03.400Volume 14, Issue No.145Misconceptions and health-seeking behavior among diabetic patients regarding foot ulcers: the hidden role of circulatory awareness in preventing amputation糖尿病患者对足部溃疡的误解与就医行为：循环意识在预防截肢中的隐藏作用DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1924054
Front Sports Act Living IF: 02.600Volume 8, Issue No.146Impact of a 2-year structured program on physical fitness and physical activity in T2D patients with rapid renal function decline-the ACTIDIANE RCT为期2年的结构化项目对肾功能快速下降的2型糖尿病患者身体机能和体力活动的影响——ACTIDIANE随机对照试验DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2026.1892496
Journal of internal medicine IF: 09.200Ahead of Print.No.147Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: A multidisciplinary clinical framework for early suspicion, emergency-safe management and lifelong care血管型Ehlers-Danlos综合征：早期怀疑、急诊安全管理和终身护理的多学科临床框架DOI: 10.1111/joim.70165
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.148Concomitant limaprost use and intraocular pressure response to latanoprost in normal-tension glaucoma: A retrospective cohort study正常眼压性青光眼中联合使用利马前列素与拉坦前列素对眼压反应的影响：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050838
Viruses IF: 03.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.149Epstein-Barr Virus: More than Just an InfectionEpstein-Barr病毒：不仅仅是感染DOI: 10.3390/v18091048
Toxics IF: 04.100Volume 14, Issue 9No.150The Impact of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure from Seasonal Biomass Burning on Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity Biomarkers in Patients with Diabetes and Hypertension in Chiang Mai, Thailand泰国清迈季节性生物质燃烧多环芳烃暴露对糖尿病和高血压患者氧化应激及遗传毒性生物标志物的影响DOI: 10.3390/toxics14090771
Toxics IF: 04.100Volume 14, Issue 9No.151Heavy Metal Contamination in Commercial Coffee Products in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risk Assessment, and Implications for Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease沙特阿拉伯商业咖啡产品中的重金属污染：流行率、致癌和非致癌风险评估及其对糖尿病和心血管疾病的影响DOI: 10.3390/toxics14090761
Vaccines IF: 03.400Volume 14, Issue 9No.152Metabolic Signatures Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination in Serum from Healthy Individuals健康个体血清中与COVID-19疫苗接种相关的代谢特征DOI: 10.3390/vaccines14090771
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.153Preclinical Efficacy of Recombinant Human Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB in Experimental Diabetic Wound Healing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies重组人血小板衍生生长因子-BB在实验性糖尿病创面愈合中的临床前有效性：动物研究的系统评价与荟萃分析DOI: 10.3390/ph19091497
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.154Treatment-Emergent Epiretinal Membrane in Diabetic Macular Edema: A Real-World OCT-Based Comparative Pharmacotherapy Study Across Intravitreal Agents-The TRIDENT-DME Study糖尿病性黄斑水肿中治疗中出现视网膜前膜：一项基于真实世界OCT的玻璃体腔注射药物比较药物治疗研究——TRIDENT-DME研究DOI: 10.3390/ph19091390
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.155Development and Characterization of a Hydrogel Incorporating Protamine-Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles Co-Loaded with Disulfiram and Coumarin for Diabetic Wound Healing用于糖尿病伤口愈合的共载双硫仑和香豆素的鱼精蛋白-透明质酸纳米粒水凝胶的开发和表征DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091180
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.156Drug-Loaded Red Blood Cell-Derived Carriers for Targeted Delivery to Accelerate Tissue Regeneration载药红细胞衍生载体用于靶向递送以加速组织再生DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091131
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.157CNP-miR146a Promotes NRF2-Related Ferroptosis-Protective Myeloid Programs and Immune-Vascular Regeneration in Diabetic WoundsCNP-miR146a促进糖尿病创面中NRF2相关的铁死亡保护性髓系程序及免疫血管再生DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091116
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.158Microfluidic Production of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Microparticles: Dynamic Solvent Extraction Improves Process Robustness During the Droplet-to-Particle Transition微流控制备地塞米松负载PLGA微颗粒：动态溶剂萃取提高液滴向颗粒转变过程中的工艺稳健性DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091075
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.159Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Challenges and Therapeutic Strategies乳糜泻中的原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症：诊断挑战与治疗策略DOI: 10.3390/nu18183107
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.160Refeeding the Gut in Anorexia Nervosa: Microbiome, Nutritional Rehabilitation and Dietetic Care神经性厌食症中的肠道再喂养：微生物组、营养康复与饮食护理DOI: 10.3390/nu18183054
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.161Elevated White Blood Cell Counts Despite Normal C-Reactive Protein Independently Predict Metabolic Syndrome and Myocardial Infarction: Evidence for Genetic Susceptibility and Dietary Modification in a Prospective Cohort白细胞计数升高而C反应蛋白正常可独立预测代谢综合征和心肌梗死：前瞻性队列中遗传易感性和饮食调整的证据DOI: 10.3390/nu18183040
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.162Associations Between Chocolate Consumption and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers Across Metabolic Profiles: Insights from a Population-Based Study巧克力摄入与心血管代谢风险标志物的关联因代谢特征而异：一项基于人群研究的启示DOI: 10.3390/nu18183023
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.163Gaultheria Berries as Potential Functional Foods: Phytochemical Composition, Health-Promoting Properties, and Nutritional Potential白珠树浆果作为潜在功能性食品：植物化学成分、健康促进特性与营养潜力DOI: 10.3390/nu18183015
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.164Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Changes Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency维生素D缺乏相关的视网膜和脉络膜血管变化DOI: 10.3390/nu18183006
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.165Enhanced Metabolic Risks in Patients with Obesity and Nutritional Deficiencies in the U.S.: A TriNetX Study美国肥胖合并营养缺乏患者的代谢风险增加：一项TriNetX研究DOI: 10.3390/nu18183005
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.166Dietary Bioactive Compounds: Cellular Sensory Pathways, Microbial Partners, and Clinical Realities膳食生物活性化合物：细胞感知通路、微生物伙伴与临床现实DOI: 10.3390/nu18183001
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.167Clinical Translation of Fisetin for Age-Related Diseases: Current Evidence and Future Opportunities非瑟酮用于年龄相关疾病的临床转化：当前证据与未来机遇DOI: 10.3390/nu18182999
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.168Foods as Modulators of GLP-1 Secretion食物作为GLP-1分泌的调节剂DOI: 10.3390/nu18182995
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.169Preconception and Early-Pregnancy Alcohol Consumption in Women and Men, Infertility and Risk for Miscarriage女性和男性孕前及孕早期饮酒与不孕及流产风险DOI: 10.3390/nu18182953
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.170Effects of Chokeberry Juice Added to a Mediterranean-Style Diet on Glycemic Control and Redox Homeostasis in Women with Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial在地中海式饮食中添加野樱莓汁对糖尿病前期女性血糖控制和氧化还原稳态的影响：一项随机对照试验DOI: 10.3390/nu18182948
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.171Mediterranean Diet and Global Dietary Shifts, 1990-2018: Population-Level Analysis Using Global Dietary Database地中海饮食与1990-2018年全球饮食变迁：基于全球饮食数据库的人群水平分析DOI: 10.3390/nu18182943
Pathogens IF: 03.300Volume 15, Issue 9No.172Comparing Self-Administered Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (S-OPAT) with Alternative Delivery Models: Risk Factors for Treatment Failure and Complications in a UK Cohort比较自我管理门诊肠外抗菌治疗（S-OPAT）与替代给药模式：英国队列中治疗失败和并发症的风险因素DOI: 10.3390/pathogens15090981
Pathogens IF: 03.300Volume 15, Issue 9No.173Diabetes Mellitus Affects Urinary Tissue Tropism of Group B Streptococci in a Sex-Dependent Manner糖尿病以性别依赖的方式影响B族链球菌的泌尿组织嗜性DOI: 10.3390/pathogens15090923
Pathogens IF: 03.300Volume 15, Issue 9No.174Epidemiology, Diagnostics and Therapy of Vulvovaginal Fungal Infections外阴阴道真菌感染的流行病学、诊断与治疗DOI: 10.3390/pathogens15090914
Molecules IF: 04.600Volume 31, Issue 18No.175Searching for Metabolic Markers for Hypertension in Human Urine在人类尿液中寻找高血压的代谢标志物DOI: 10.3390/molecules31183349
Molecules IF: 04.600Volume 31, Issue 18No.176Evaluation of the Potential Hypoglycemic and Neuroprotective Effects of Rosehip Fruit玫瑰果潜在降血糖和神经保护作用的评估DOI: 10.3390/molecules31183343
Molecules IF: 04.600Volume 31, Issue 18No.177Metabolomics-Based Identification of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Pometia pinnata Stem Bark Using LC-HRMS and Molecular Docking基于代谢组学的Pometia pinnata茎皮α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂鉴定：LC-HRMS与分子对接研究DOI: 10.3390/molecules31183233
Molecules IF: 04.600Volume 31, Issue 18No.178Comparative Analysis of Selected Biochemical Markers Involved in Antioxidative, Immune Responses, and Thyroid Function in Wistar Rats Fed Diets Containing Baked Sprats含烤制西鲱饲料对Wistar大鼠抗氧化、免疫反应及甲状腺功能相关生化标志物的比较分析DOI: 10.3390/molecules31183169
Molecules IF: 04.600Volume 31, Issue 18No.179Synthesis and Antidiabetic Evaluation of Novel 2,4-Thiazolidinedione Derivatives Targeting Key Carbohydrate-Digesting Enzymes靶向关键碳水化合物消化酶的新型2,4-噻唑烷二酮衍生物的合成及抗糖尿病评价DOI: 10.3390/molecules31183160
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.180Behavioral and Psychosocial Effects of Participant-Visible Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review参与者可见的连续血糖监测对无糖尿病成人的行为和心理社会影响：一项系统评价DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091814
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.181Key Inflammatory Pathways, Biomarkers, and Targeted Management Strategies in Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Narrative Review初次全关节置换术中的关键炎症通路、生物标志物及靶向管理策略：叙述性综述DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091713
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.182Resting Heart Rate Association with Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality and All-Cause Mortality According to Cluster of Cardiovascular Risk Factors-A Prospective Cohort Study with More than 20 Years of Follow-Up静息心率与心血管疾病发病率和死亡率及全因死亡率的关联：基于心血管危险因素聚类的前瞻性队列研究，随访超过20年DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187333
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.183A Retrospective Analysis of Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Outcomes in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with COVID-19 ARDS吸入一氧化氮与COVID-19 ARDS机械通气患者结局的回顾性分析DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187302
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.184One-Year Evolution of Macrovascular and Microvascular Parameters After Endovascular Revascularization in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Prospective Multicenter Study糖尿病足溃疡血管内血运重建后大血管和微血管参数的一年演变：一项前瞻性多中心研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187278
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.185Effects of High-Intensity Interval Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Adults with Prediabetes: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练对糖尿病前期成人的效果：一项单盲随机对照试验DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187277
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.186Functional Outcomes of a Complex Rehabilitation Program in Children with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Prospective Observational Study痉挛型双瘫脑瘫儿童综合康复方案的功能结局：一项前瞻性观察性研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187092
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.187Association of Real-Time Glucose Levels and Cognitive Performance in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study1型糖尿病儿童实时血糖水平与认知表现的关联：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187080
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.188Exploratory Evaluation of Quantitative Rubidium-82 PET Myocardial Perfusion Parameters: Absolute Blood Flow, Flow Reserve, and Left Ventricular Function in an Arabian Gulf Cohort阿拉伯湾队列中定量铷-82 PET心肌灌注参数的探索性评估：绝对血流量、血流储备和左心室功能DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187059
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.189Population-Level Heterogeneity in People with Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Cluster Analysis of a Population-Based Registry肥胖人群的群体水平异质性：一项基于人群注册数据库的横断面聚类分析DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187026
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.190Outcomes of Kissing Stent Technique for the Endovascular Treatment of Aorto-Iliac TASC C/D Lesions对吻支架技术用于主髂动脉TASC C/D病变腔内治疗的结果DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187007
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.191Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Retrospective Single-Center Observational Study回顾性单中心观察研究的临床与流行病学特征DOI: 10.3390/jcm15186960
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.192From Trials to Treatment: Current Evidence Supporting Faricimab Use in nAMD and DME从试验到治疗：支持法瑞西单抗用于新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性和糖尿病性黄斑水肿的当前证据DOI: 10.3390/jcm15186956
Microorganisms IF: 04.200Volume 14, Issue 9No.193Causes of Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Patients with Chronic Wounds慢性伤口患者细菌感染病因及抗生素耐药谱分析DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms14091978
Microorganisms IF: 04.200Volume 14, Issue 9No.194Epidemic Years Increase Hospitalization but Not Mortality Among Laboratory-Confirmed Dengue Cases in Mexico: A Nationwide Surveillance Study, 2020-2025流行年份增加墨西哥实验室确诊登革热病例的住院率但不增加死亡率：2020-2025年全国监测研究DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms14091920
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.195Combined Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Low-Energy Shock Wave Therapy Significantly Reduced Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Preserved Podocytes in Diabetic Nephropathy间充质干细胞联合低能量冲击波治疗显著减轻糖尿病肾病炎症、氧化应激并保护足细胞DOI: 10.3390/life16091550
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.196Low Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients on Hemodialysis Is Associated with Elevated Serum Levels of Spermine Oxidase and C-Reactive Protein血液透析患者低踝臂指数与血清精胺氧化酶和C反应蛋白水平升高相关DOI: 10.3390/life16091521
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.197Single Autoantibody Positivity in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: Serological Profiles, Clinical Trajectories and Implications for Early Disease Monitoring-A Case Series of Seven Patients儿童1型糖尿病中单一自身抗体阳性：血清学特征、临床轨迹及对早期疾病监测的意义——七例病例系列DOI: 10.3390/life16091500
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.198Clinical Reference Values for Dynamic Plantar Pressure Assessment in Healthy Young Adults: Sex Differences and Bilateral Symmetry健康年轻成人动态足底压力评估的临床参考值：性别差异与双侧对称性DOI: 10.3390/life16091449
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.199Dieterich Disease: Avascular Necrosis of the Third Metacarpal Head in an AdultDieterich病：成人第三掌骨头缺血性坏死DOI: 10.3390/life16091440
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.200N-Acetylcysteine as a Bacterial Antibiofilm Adjuvant: Mechanisms, Synergistic Combinations and Clinical TranslationN-乙酰半胱氨酸作为细菌抗生物膜佐剂：机制、协同组合与临床转化DOI: 10.3390/life16091414
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.201Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NA-AION) and High-Risk Cardiovascular Events非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变（NA-AION）与高风险心血管事件DOI: 10.3390/life16091401
Cancers IF: 04.400Volume 18, Issue 18No.202Accelerated Pancreatic Volume Loss as a Potential Pre-Diagnostic Imaging Biomarker for Pancreatic Cancer Risk Enrichment: An AI-Assisted Volumetric Study加速的胰腺体积损失作为胰腺癌风险富集的潜在诊断前影像学生物标志物：一项AI辅助的体积研究DOI: 10.3390/cancers18183062
Cancers IF: 04.400Volume 18, Issue 18No.203Diabetes Trajectory and Pancreatic Cancer Detection in Patients with Diabetes: A Nationwide Survey Through Japan Diabetes Society-Certified Facilities糖尿病患者中的糖尿病轨迹与胰腺癌检测：通过日本糖尿病学会认证机构的全国性调查DOI: 10.3390/cancers18182995
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.204Correction: Hwang et al. IFN-β Overexpressing Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mitigate Alcohol-Induced Liver Damage and Gut Permeability. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8509更正：Hwang等人。过表达IFN-β的脂肪间充质干细胞减轻酒精诱导的肝损伤和肠道通透性。Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8509DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188423
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.205High Glucose Induces Biomolecular Dysregulation in Primary Human Corneal Epithelial Cells: Potential Biomarkers of Hyperglycemia-Driven Corneal Impairment高糖诱导原代人角膜上皮细胞生物分子失调：高血糖驱动角膜损伤的潜在生物标志物DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188406
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.206Fractional Subnanosecond Nd:YAG Laser Improves Matrix Architecture in Ultraviolet-Aged Facial Retaining Ligaments in Rats分次亚纳秒Nd:YAG激光改善紫外线老化大鼠面部支持韧带的基质结构DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188371
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.207Bloodstream Infection After Major Burn Surgery in Relation to Preoperative Glycemic Gap Among Patients Without Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study非糖尿病患者大面积烧伤手术后血流感染与术前血糖间隙的关系：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188137
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.208High Glucose Alters Extracellular Vesicle Protein Composition and Promotes EV-Mediated Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells高糖改变细胞外囊泡蛋白组成并促进EV介导的单核细胞与内皮细胞黏附DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188107
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.209Next-Generation GLP-1 Agonist Bioassays: Integrating Precision with Biological Relevance下一代GLP-1激动剂生物测定：整合精准性与生物学相关性DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188068
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.210Family Impact, Caregiver Burden, Parental Monitoring, and Glycemic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study1型糖尿病患儿的家庭影响、照顾者负担、父母监测与血糖控制：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/children13091253
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.211Mapping Randomized Controlled Trials of Family- and Community-Centered Healthcare Interventions for Pediatric Asthma, Type 1 Diabetes, or Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-A Scoping Review针对儿童哮喘、1型糖尿病或幼年特发性关节炎的家庭与社区中心医疗干预随机对照试验的映射——一项范围综述DOI: 10.3390/children13091232
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.212Monckeberg's Medial Sclerosis in Athletes: Report of Two Cases and Possible Pathophysiological Mechanisms运动员中的Monckeberg中膜硬化：两例报告及可能的病理生理机制DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16183064
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.213Diagnostic Reassessment of a Pulmonary Mass Initially Suspected to Represent IgG4-Related Lung Disease: The Complementary Role of Tissue Metagenomic Sequencing对最初怀疑为IgG4相关性肺病的肺部肿块的诊断再评估：组织宏基因组测序的补充作用DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16183018
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.214Longitudinal Changes in Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness Before and After Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injections in Diabetic Macular Edema糖尿病性黄斑水肿玻璃体腔注射贝伐珠单抗前后神经节细胞复合体厚度的纵向变化DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16182892
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.215Preventive Care for Non-Communicable Diseases in Greece: A Situational Analysis of Disease Burden, Service Delivery, Financing, Screening and Quality Governance希腊非传染性疾病预防保健：疾病负担、服务提供、筹资、筛查与质量治理的情境分析DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14183116
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.216Patient-Centered Diabetes Care Through an Ethical Lens: Associations with Patient Satisfaction and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Saudi Primary Healthcare伦理视角下的以患者为中心的糖尿病照护：与沙特初级医疗中患者满意度和患者报告结局的关联DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14183098
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.217Explainable AI for Digital Health: Predicting Depression Risk in Older Adults Living Alone Using Machine Learning可解释人工智能在数字健康中的应用：利用机器学习预测独居老年人抑郁风险DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14183088
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.218Effect of Nursing Intervention Supported by Mobile Health Applications on Asthma Control, Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes Among Pregnant Women with Asthma移动健康应用支持的护理干预对哮喘孕妇哮喘控制及母婴结局的影响DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14183079
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.219Nonfatal Burden of Disease and Risk-Attributable Burden in Romania, 1990 to 2023: A Secondary Analysis of Global Burden of Disease 2023 Estimates1990年至2023年罗马尼亚非致命疾病负担与风险归因负担：全球疾病负担2023估计的二次分析DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14183035
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.220Transcriptomic and Zonal Signatures of Mitochondrial Peroxisomal Dysfunction in HCV Associates with Circulating Mitochondrial DNA BiomarkersHCV中线粒体过氧化物酶体功能障碍的转录组和分区特征与循环线粒体DNA生物标志物相关DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090877
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.221Comparative Evaluation of Traditional and Emerging Glycemic Biomarkers in Diabetes糖尿病中传统与新兴血糖生物标志物的比较评估DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090866
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.222Barriers and Enablers Influencing Dietetic Practice in the Management of Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome影响多内分泌代谢性卵巢综合征管理中饮食实践的因素：障碍与促进因素DOI: 10.3390/nu18183010
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.223Syringic Acid in Health and Disease: Mechanisms, Biological Activities, and Future Perspectives丁香酸在健康与疾病中的作用：机制、生物活性及未来展望DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188385
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.224The Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Its Combination with C-Reactive Protein and Anthropometric Indicators as Biomarkers for Hypertension Among Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数及其与C反应蛋白和人体测量指标联合作为沙特成年人高血压生物标志物的横断面调查DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187253
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.225Screening Signals of Reference-Defined Metabolic Syndrome Using HbA1c and LDL Cholesterol: An Explainable Machine Learning Study使用糖化血红蛋白和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇筛查参考定义代谢综合征的信号：一项可解释机器学习研究DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16183048
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.226Associations of General and Central Obesity with Cardiovascular Risk by Menopausal and MASLD Status全身性肥胖与中心性肥胖和心血管风险的关联：按绝经状态和MASLD状态分层DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091985
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.227Comparative Evaluation of Drug Incorporation and Release Profiles in Six Specific Porous Vaterite CaCO3 Formulations六种特定多孔球霰石碳酸钙制剂中药物装载与释放特性的比较评价DOI: 10.3390/ph19091446
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.228Non-Systemic Oral Cellulose-Based Superabsorbent Hydrogels for Weight Management: Potential Drug-Device Interactions Estimated by a Simplified In Vitro Assay用于体重管理的非系统性口服纤维素基超吸水水凝胶：通过简化体外试验评估潜在的药物-器械相互作用DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091173
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.229Novel Bioequivalent Sitagliptin and Metformin Bilayer Tablet with Improved Chemical Stability新型生物等效的西格列汀和二甲双胍双层片具有改善的化学稳定性DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091066
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.230Ellagic Acid and Metformin: In Vitro Synergy and Enhanced Cisplatin Efficacy In Vivo in Resistant Breast Cancer鞣花酸与二甲双胍：体外协同作用及体内增强顺铂对耐药乳腺癌的疗效DOI: 10.3390/nu18183047
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.231Phosphoproteomic Insights into TRPV4-AMPK Signaling Axis and Barrier Regulation in the Choroid Plexus Epithelium磷酸化蛋白质组学揭示脉络丛上皮中TRPV4-AMPK信号轴与屏障调控机制DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188305
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.232Acquired BRAFi Resistance Increases Melanoma Cell Sensitivity to Metabolic Targeting with Metformin获得性BRAFi耐药性增加黑色素瘤细胞对二甲双胍代谢靶向的敏感性DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188088
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.233Metformin Attenuates the High-Glucose Effect on MORG1 Expression in HEK293 Cells二甲双胍减弱高糖对HEK293细胞中MORG1表达的影响DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090934
Genes IF: 02.800Volume 17, Issue 9No.234Genetic Variants Involved in Metformin Pharmacokinetics in the Chilean Population智利人群中参与二甲双胍药代动力学的遗传变异DOI: 10.3390/genes17091114
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.235Differential Effects of Carboplatin, Metformin, and Boric Acid on Cell Viability, Migration, and Oxidative Stress in MCF-7 Breast Cancer and CRL-4010 Normal Mammary Epithelial Cells卡铂、二甲双胍和硼酸对MCF-7乳腺癌细胞和CRL-4010正常乳腺上皮细胞在细胞活力、迁移和氧化应激方面的差异效应DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092073
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.236Potential Role of the Triple Receptor Agonist Retatrutide in Antipsychotic-Associated Metabolic Dysfunction Among Clozapine- and Olanzapine-Treated Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Narrative Review and Theoretical Framework三重受体激动剂瑞他鲁肽在氯氮平和奥氮平治疗的精神分裂症谱系障碍中抗精神病药相关代谢功能障碍的潜在作用：叙述性综述和理论框架DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091957
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.237Drug-Induced Reduction in 80Q Aggregates in a Dictyostelium discoideum Model of PolyQ Disease药物诱导减少PolyQ疾病盘基网柄菌模型中的80Q聚集体DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091931
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.238Orlistat-Associated Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic, and Anorectal Safety Signals: A FAERS Disproportionality and Regulatory Label Concordance Study奥利司他相关的胃肠、肝胆、胰腺和肛门直肠安全信号：一项FAERS比例失衡分析与监管标签一致性研究DOI: 10.3390/ph19091325
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.239Oxidative Stress as a Pathophysiological Core of Obesity: Preclinical Evidence for Antioxidant-Based Therapy Strategies氧化应激作为肥胖的病理生理核心：基于抗氧化治疗策略的临床前证据DOI: 10.3390/ph19091414
Cancers IF: 04.400Volume 18, Issue 18No.240Altered Lipolytic Protein Expression in Tumor-Associated Adipose Tissue Correlates with Aggressive Breast Cancer Features肿瘤相关脂肪组织中脂解蛋白表达改变与侵袭性乳腺癌特征相关DOI: 10.3390/cancers18183001
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.241Energy Drink Use and Adolescent Sleep Debt: Implications for Obesity, Cognition, and Physical Activity能量饮料使用与青少年睡眠债：对肥胖、认知和体力活动的影响DOI: 10.3390/nu18182946
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.242Clinical and Biomechanical Predictors of Forefoot Plantar Pressure in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes and Peripheral Neuropathy2型糖尿病合并周围神经病变患者前足压力的临床与生物力学预测因素DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091701
Advanced healthcare materials IF: 09.600Ahead of Print.No.243Ultrasound-Mediated CRISPR Delivery and Sonogenetic Modulation for Precision Therapeutics超声介导的CRISPR递送与声遗传学调控用于精准治疗DOI: 10.1002/adhm.71753
Molecules IF: 04.600Volume 31, Issue 18No.244Cell Reporter-Based Analysis of Anti-Inflammasome Activities of Flavonoids with Distinct Structures基于细胞报告基因分析不同结构黄酮类化合物的抗炎性小体活性DOI: 10.3390/molecules31183176
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.245Current Diabetes Self-Management and the Number of Documented Complications in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study成人2型糖尿病患者当前糖尿病自我管理与记录并发症数量的横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091777
Antioxidants IF: 06.600Volume 15, Issue 9No.246Antioxidants as a Link Between Diabetes and Potential Plant-Based Therapies抗氧化剂作为糖尿病与潜在植物疗法之间的纽带DOI: 10.3390/antiox15091206
Bioengineering IF: 03.700Volume 13, Issue 9No.247Feasibility Study on Non-Invasive Methods for Bladder Biomechanics During Voiding Using Uro-Dynamic MRI使用尿动力学MRI无创评估排尿期膀胱生物力学的可行性研究DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering13091007
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.248Untargeted Metabolomic and Phytochemical Profiling of Berberis crataegina DC. Plant Parts: Antidiabetic Potential and Cytoprotection in High-Glucose-Exposed SH-SY5Y CellsBerberis crataegina DC.植物部位的非靶向代谢组学与植物化学分析：抗糖尿病潜力及高糖暴露SH-SY5Y细胞中的细胞保护作用DOI: 10.3390/ph19091365
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.249Modeling Diabetic Neuropathy: Injury Biomarkers for Early Detection Through Neuronal and Glial In Vitro Models糖尿病神经病变建模：通过神经元和胶质细胞体外模型进行早期检测的损伤生物标志物DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188234
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.250Multivariate Genome-Wide Association Analysis Identifies Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Metabolic Syndrome in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study多变量全基因组关联分析在韩国基因组与流行病学研究中识别代谢综合征的遗传易感位点DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188041
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.251Factors Associated with Hospital Length of Stay After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Perioperative Characteristics and Postoperative Complication Burden冠状动脉旁路移植术后住院时间相关因素：围手术期特征与术后并发症负担DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14182968
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.252Evaluation of Grazing Behavior and Its Associations with Obesity, Emotion Regulation Difficulties, and Problematic Smartphone Use in Adolescents with Essential Hypertension青少年原发性高血压患者进食行为及其与肥胖、情绪调节困难和问题性智能手机使用的关系评估DOI: 10.3390/children13091233
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.253Genetic Variants Associated with Response to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Diabetes and Obesity糖尿病和肥胖中与胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂反应相关的遗传变异DOI: 10.3390/life16091486
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.254Intralesional Epidermal Growth Factor and Its Association with Reamputation and Level-Up Amputation in Diabetic Foot Patients with Post-Amputation Flap Necrosis: Clinical Outcomes and Macrophage Dynamics病灶内表皮生长因子与糖尿病足截肢后皮瓣坏死患者再截肢及高位截肢的关联：临床结局与巨噬细胞动态DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091800
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.255Antimicrobial Peptides for Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Infections: Current Evidence and Translational Perspectives抗菌肽用于糖尿病足溃疡与感染：当前证据与转化前景DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188035
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.256A Military Veteran with Pulmonary Fibrosis, Hepatic Cirrhosis, Bone Marrow Dysfunction and Shortened Telomeres Found to Have GAVE, a Potential Unsuspected Consequence of Telomere Spectrum Disorder一名患有肺纤维化、肝硬化、骨髓功能障碍和端粒缩短的退伍军人被发现患有GAVE，可能是端粒谱系疾病的一种潜在未预料后果DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187073
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.257Early Lean Tissue Loss and Nutritional Challenges Following Sleeve Gastrectomy in a Kidney Transplant Recipient: A Case Report肾移植受者袖状胃切除术后早期瘦组织丢失与营养挑战：一例病例报告DOI: 10.3390/jcm15186940
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.258Molecular Distinctions, Diagnosis, and Mechanism-Based Therapies in Lipedema and Obesity脂肪水肿与肥胖的分子差异、诊断及基于机制的疗法DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090892
Bioengineering IF: 03.700Volume 13, Issue 9No.259Stable Constitutive BiP Expression Prolongs Late-Stage GLP-1-Fc Accumulation in CHO Cells稳定组成型BiP表达延长CHO细胞中GLP-1-Fc的晚期积累DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering13091001
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.260Salcaprozate Sodium as a Permeation Enhancer-Mechanism, Applications and Unresolved Questions沙卡普拉扎钠作为渗透促进剂——机制、应用与未解问题DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091171
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.261GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Epilepsy: Separating Evidence for Antiseizure Activity, Neuroprotection, and Disease ModificationGLP-1受体激动剂在癫痫中的应用：区分抗癫痫发作活性、神经保护与疾病修饰的证据DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188036
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.262Semaglutide Attenuates Inflammatory Macrophage Polarization and Promotes Changes Associated with Mitochondrial Biogenesis Through cAMP-Dependent Signaling司美格鲁肽通过cAMP依赖性信号通路减弱炎症性巨噬细胞极化并促进与线粒体生物发生相关的变化DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091987
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.263Environmental Exposures and Epigenetic Remodeling in Supraventricular Tachycardias: What Atrial Fibrillation Can and Cannot Tell Us室上性心动过速中的环境暴露与表观遗传重塑：心房颤动能告诉我们什么，不能告诉我们什么DOI: 10.3390/life16091506
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.264Reduction of Microglial Reactivity by Cannabidiol: Preliminary Data Obtained in an Astrocyte-Microglia Co-Culture Model of Inflammation大麻二酚降低小胶质细胞反应性：在星形胶质细胞-小胶质细胞炎症共培养模型中获得的初步数据DOI: 10.3390/ph19091342
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.265Precision Pharmacotherapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Matching Targeted Drugs to Patient Endophenotypes阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的精准药物治疗：将靶向药物与患者内表型相匹配DOI: 10.3390/ph19091361
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.266Digital Engagement Phenotypes and 6-Month Weight Loss in a Tirzepatide-Supported Digital Weight-Loss Program: A Retrospective Cohort Study替尔泊肽支持的数字减重项目中数字参与表型与6个月体重减轻：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091647
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.267GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Tirzepatide in Men Seeking Fertility: A Structured Narrative Review and Proposed Clinical Framework胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂与替尔泊肽在寻求生育的男性中的应用：结构化叙述性综述及拟议临床框架DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187313
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.268Visceral Adiposity and Renal Health: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Novel Therapeutic Strategies内脏肥胖与肾脏健康：从病理生理机制到新型治疗策略DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187201
Brain sciences IF: 02.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.269Neuropsychiatric Outcomes Associated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review超重或肥胖成人使用GLP-1受体激动剂相关的神经精神结局：一项系统综述DOI: 10.3390/brainsci16090926
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.270Association Between Psychological Distress and Glycaemic Control Among Adults with Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia沙特阿拉伯成人糖尿病患者心理困扰与血糖控制之间的关联DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14182978
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.271Abdominal Obesity, Testosterone Deficiency and Sedentary Lifestyle in Young Men from the General Population: The Relationship with Semen Quality, Hormonal and Metabolic Status一般人群中年轻男性的腹型肥胖、睾酮缺乏与久坐生活方式：与精液质量、激素及代谢状态的关系DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092097
Plants IF: 04.100Volume 15, Issue 18No.272Tessaria absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae) Decoction vs. Metformin: Effects on Glucose Homeostasis and Behavior Under Chronic Sucrose ExposureTessaria absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) DC.（菊科）煎剂与二甲双胍对比：慢性蔗糖暴露下对葡萄糖稳态和行为的影响DOI: 10.3390/plants15182872
FCVM IF: 02.900Volume 13, Issue No.273Real-world safety and clinical outcomes of apixaban in patients with cancer and atrial fibrillation阿哌沙班在癌症合并心房颤动患者中的真实世界安全性与临床结局DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1893856
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.274Temporal Trends in Anticoagulant Prescribing in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation According to Prior Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: Insights from the CRAFT Registry根据既往缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作分析心房颤动患者抗凝药物处方的时序趋势：来自CRAFT注册研究的见解DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187242
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.275Targeting the Gut-Bone Axis with Prebiotics, Probiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics: From Mechanistic Plausibility to Clinical Bone Outcomes靶向肠-骨轴：益生元、益生菌、合生元和后生元从机制合理性到临床骨骼结局DOI: 10.3390/nu18182967
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.276Dietary Fiber Supplementation Reduces Systolic Blood Pressure in High-Risk Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial膳食纤维补充降低2型糖尿病合并高血压高风险患者的收缩压：一项随机试验的二次分析DOI: 10.3390/nu18182945
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.277Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction and Neural Barrier Pathology in Dysautonomia: Molecular Links to Cardiovascular Autonomic Failure神经血管单元功能障碍与自主神经功能障碍中的神经屏障病理：与心血管自主神经衰竭的分子联系DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188375
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.278Beyond Anti-VEGF: Toward Integrated Precision Care in Diabetic Retinal Disease超越抗VEGF：迈向糖尿病视网膜疾病的整合精准医疗DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091178
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.279Effects of Curcumin on Inflammation in a Rat Model of Diabetic Retinopathy姜黄素对糖尿病视网膜病变大鼠模型炎症的影响DOI: 10.3390/life16091427
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.280Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment from Retinal Fundus Images Using a CSP-ConvNext Model基于CSP-ConvNext模型的视网膜眼底图像心血管疾病风险评估DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16183058
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.281Clinical, Socioeconomic, and Demographic Factors Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in a Hospital-Based Screening Program: A Cross-Sectional Study in Oslo, Norway挪威奥斯陆一项医院筛查项目中与糖尿病视网膜病变相关的临床、社会经济和人口学因素：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14182929
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.282Proteomic Analysis of Retinas from Two Different Type-1 Diabetic Models两种不同1型糖尿病模型视网膜的蛋白质组学分析DOI: 10.3390/biom16091314
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.283Glutathione-Related Responses to Hyperglycemic and Hyperosmotic Stress in Cultured Human Retinal Pericytes and Endothelial Cells: An Exploratory Study培养的人视网膜周细胞和内皮细胞对高血糖和高渗应激的谷胱甘肽相关反应：一项探索性研究DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092104
Biology IF: 03.500Volume 15, Issue 18No.284Compartment-Specific Immune, Endothelial, and Fibrotic Programs in Diabetic Retinopathy: An Integrative Multi-Cohort Transcriptomic Study糖尿病视网膜病变中区室特异性免疫、内皮和纤维化程序：一项整合多队列转录组研究DOI: 10.3390/biology15181581
Antioxidants IF: 06.600Volume 15, Issue 9No.285Metabolic Dysregulation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Glycogen Metabolism, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Antioxidant Defences糖尿病视网膜病变中的代谢失调与氧化应激：糖原代谢、线粒体功能障碍和抗氧化防御DOI: 10.3390/antiox15091093
BMC ophthalmology IF: 01.700Volume 26, Issue 1No.286Preoperative OCT biomarkers and surgical outcomes after vitrectomy with epiretinal membrane and internal limiting membrane peeling for refractory diabetic macular edema: a retrospective cohort study难治性糖尿病性黄斑水肿玻璃体切除术联合视网膜前膜和内界膜剥除的术前OCT生物标志物与手术结局：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.1186/s12886-026-05352-0
Eye IF: 03.200Ahead of Print.No.287Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor use and incident diabetic retinopathy in men with erectile dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: a propensity-matched cohort study磷酸二酯酶5抑制剂使用与勃起功能障碍合并2型糖尿病男性糖尿病视网膜病变发病的关系：一项倾向性匹配队列研究DOI: 10.1038/s41433-026-04893-4
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.288Treatment Patterns, Disease Management, and Quality of Life in Outpatients with CKD and Decreased eGFR: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study in Greece慢性肾脏病合并估算肾小球滤过率下降门诊患者的治疗模式、疾病管理与生活质量：希腊多中心前瞻性观察性研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187244
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.289Body Mass Index and LDL Cholesterol Across Controls, Hypertension, and Ischemic Heart Disease with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Single-Center Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study体重指数与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇在对照组、高血压及射血分数保留的缺血性心脏病中的比较：一项单中心回顾性横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187096
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.290Statins and Myasthenia Gravis: Clinical Implications and Pathogenesis他汀类药物与重症肌无力：临床意义与发病机制DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188150
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.291The Role of 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 Receptors in Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice Treated with Subchronic Atorvastatin5-HT1A和5-HT7受体在亚慢性阿托伐他汀治疗小鼠焦虑样行为中的作用DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090962
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.292Association Between the Triglyceride-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio and Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Real-World Retrospective Study甘油三酯与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值与2型糖尿病患者血糖控制之间的关联：一项真实世界回顾性研究DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091995
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.293Baseline Ferritin and Body Composition as Correlates of Longitudinal Metabolic Changes During an Energy-Restricted Mediterranean-Style Intervention Across Three Overweight Phlogistic-Related Clinical Conditions基线铁蛋白与身体成分作为三种超重炎症相关临床状况下能量限制地中海式干预期间纵向代谢变化的相关因素DOI: 10.3390/nu18183044
Pathogens IF: 03.300Volume 15, Issue 9No.294Microbiological Evaluation of Upper Respiratory Tract Specimens in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A Retrospective Study斑块状银屑病及银屑病关节炎患者上呼吸道标本的微生物学评估：一项回顾性研究DOI: 10.3390/pathogens15090967
Pathogens IF: 03.300Volume 15, Issue 9No.295Changes in Glycemic Control and Lipid Profiles Following COVID-19 Infection in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Study in Saudi Arabia2型糖尿病成人感染COVID-19后血糖控制和血脂谱的变化：沙特阿拉伯的一项回顾性研究DOI: 10.3390/pathogens15090934
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.296A2BAR Antagonism Mitigates Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis and Restores Macrophage M1/M2 Balance in Diabetic RatsA2BAR拮抗减轻糖尿病大鼠肺部炎症和纤维化并恢复巨噬细胞M1/M2平衡DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188171
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.297Chronic Dietary Stress Is Associated with Early Cardiac Dysfunction and Progressive MASH Accompanied by Systemic Inflammation and Fibrosis慢性饮食应激与早期心脏功能障碍及进行性MASH相关并伴随全身性炎症和纤维化DOI: 10.3390/nu18183084
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.298From Single Agents to Synergy: Redefining Therapeutic Strategies in MASLD从单药到协同：重新定义脂肪性肝病的治疗策略DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188368
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.299AMPK-Directed Therapeutics for MASLD: Mechanistic Rationale, Activator Classes, and Clinical Translation靶向AMPK的MASLD治疗：机制依据、激活剂类别与临床转化DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188358
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.300The Role of the OSM/OSMRβ Axis in Chronic Liver Disease Progression and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development: A Focus on MASLD/MASHOSM/OSMRβ轴在慢性肝病进展和肝细胞癌发生中的作用：聚焦于MASLD/MASHDOI: 10.3390/ijms27188213
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.301Aucubin Ameliorates Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Liver Injury in Association with Modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Antioxidant Axis and NF-κB-Associated Inflammatory and Apoptotic SignalingAucubin通过调节Nrf2/HO-1抗氧化轴及NF-κB相关炎症和凋亡信号改善四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病肝损伤DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188184
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.302Intrapancreatic Fat and Risk of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma-Pathophysiology, Clinical Implications, and Future Directions胰腺内脂肪与胰腺导管腺癌风险——病理生理学、临床意义与未来方向DOI: 10.3390/ijms27187991
Obesity reviews IF: 07.400Ahead of Print.No.303Investigating Overweight and Obesity Risk in Shift Workers Using Omics Technologies利用组学技术探究轮班工作者超重与肥胖风险DOI: 10.1111/obr.70233
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.304Serum FAM19A5 in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with metabolic and inflammatory parameters: A case-control study新诊断2型糖尿病患者的血清FAM19A5及其与代谢和炎症参数的关系：一项病例对照研究DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050782
Veterinary sciences IF: 02.300Volume 13, Issue 9No.305Impact of Climate Change on Farm Animals: Physiological Mechanisms, Health and Productivity, and Integrated Adaptation Strategies气候变化对农场动物的影响：生理机制、健康与生产力及综合适应策略DOI: 10.3390/vetsci13090954
Toxics IF: 04.100Volume 14, Issue 9No.306Occupational Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure and Metabolic Syndrome: Implications of PPARγ职业性有机磷农药暴露与代谢综合征：PPARγ的潜在意义DOI: 10.3390/toxics14090788
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.307Translational Pharmaceutical Perspectives on Quinones as Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Agents in Diabetes and Its Complications醌类作为抗氧化和抗糖尿病药物在糖尿病及其并发症中的转化药学视角DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091191
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.308Harnessing Medicinal Plants Through Advanced Drug Delivery: A New Era in Type 2 Diabetes Management通过先进药物递送利用药用植物：2型糖尿病管理的新时代DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091100
Pharmaceutics IF: 05.500Volume 18, Issue 9No.309Buccal Insulin Delivery Systems: Formulation Approaches, Stability Constraints, and Translational Prospects口腔黏膜胰岛素递送系统：制剂策略、稳定性限制与转化前景DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091093
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.310More than Hormones? Metabolic Effects of Twelve-Week Probiotic Supplementation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study超越激素？多囊卵巢综合征女性十二周益生菌补充的代谢效应：一项随机双盲安慰剂对照研究的二次分析DOI: 10.3390/nu18183090
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.311Effects of Heat-Killed Bifidobacterium breve B-3, a Postbiotic, on Muscle Mass-Related Parameters in Patients with Sarcopenia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial热灭活短双歧杆菌B-3（后生元）对肌少症患者肌肉质量相关参数的影响：一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照先导试验DOI: 10.3390/nu18183074
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.312Adipose Tissue Expandability as a Link Between Nutrition and Obesity-Related Metabolic Risk: Insights from Bariatric Surgery脂肪组织扩张能力作为营养与肥胖相关代谢风险之间的纽带：来自减重手术的启示DOI: 10.3390/nu18183075
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.313The TyG Index, Dietary Vitamin E Intake, and LRP5 rs4988321 in Adults with MASLD: A Case-Control Study甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数、膳食维生素E摄入与LRP5 rs4988321在成人脂肪性肝病中的病例对照研究DOI: 10.3390/nu18183065
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.314The Impact of Ultra-Processed Foods on Chronic Kidney Disease Progression超加工食品对慢性肾脏病进展的影响DOI: 10.3390/nu18183055
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.315Are Selenium Status and Inflammation Linked to Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Inborn Errors of Immunity?硒状态和炎症与先天性免疫缺陷中的心血管代谢危险因素有关吗？DOI: 10.3390/nu18183030
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.316Plant-Based Diets in Adolescence: Cardiometabolic Benefits, Developmental Risks, and the Role of Fortification青少年植物性饮食：心脏代谢益处、发育风险与强化作用DOI: 10.3390/nu18183019
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.317Chrono-Nutritional Disruption as a Potential Modifiable Factor in Bipolar Disorder昼夜节律营养紊乱作为双相障碍潜在可改变因素的研究DOI: 10.3390/nu18183011
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.318Effects of Grape and Grape-Derived Bioactives on Inflammation and Immune-Driven Mechanisms Within the Context of Cardiometabolic Health and Aging: A Review葡萄及葡萄来源生物活性物质在心血管代谢健康与衰老背景下对炎症和免疫驱动机制的影响：综述DOI: 10.3390/nu18182952
Molecules IF: 04.600Volume 31, Issue 18No.319Isolation of Phenolic Metabolites and Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Metabolic Enzyme-Inhibitory Activities of Polygonum equisetiforme SmPolygonum equisetiforme Sm. 酚类代谢物的分离及其抗氧化和代谢酶抑制活性评价DOI: 10.3390/molecules31183327
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.320Clinical Profile of Documented Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by GLP-1-Based Medication Status: A Cross-Sectional Study基于GLP-1类药物使用状态的已记录糖尿病周围神经病变临床特征：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091816
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.321Integrated First-Trimester Assessment of Placental Biomarkers, Metabolic Indices, and IGF-1/IGFBP-5 in Relation to Subsequent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study整合孕早期胎盘生物标志物、代谢指标及IGF-1/IGFBP-5与后续妊娠期糖尿病的关联：一项前瞻性队列研究DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091804
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.322Type 2 Diabetes, Visceral Adiposity, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Hospitalized Adults: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis住院成人中的2型糖尿病、内脏肥胖与颈动脉内膜中层厚度：一项回顾性横断面分析DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091690
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.323Orbital Radiotherapy for Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy in the Era of Targeted Biologics: Reposition, Not Replace靶向生物制剂时代甲状腺相关眼病的眶部放疗：重新定位而非替代DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091671
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.324Thoracic Epidural Analgesia in Major Cancer Surgery: An Update胸段硬膜外镇痛在大型癌症手术中的应用：最新进展DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091637
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.325Association of Inpatient Diabetes Specialist Consultation with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes Hospitalized for Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Retrospective Cohort Study住院糖尿病专科会诊与因下呼吸道感染住院的糖尿病患者临床结局的关联：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187173
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.326Phenotype-Specific Differences in Insulin Resistance and Androgenic Profiles in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prospective Observational Study多囊卵巢综合征中胰岛素抵抗与雄激素谱的表型特异性差异：一项前瞻性观察性研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187101
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.327Evaluation of Serum Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Levels in Different Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and Their Association with Inflammatory Cytokines: A Cross-Sectional Study不同代谢性肥胖表型中血清可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体（suPAR）水平的评估及其与炎症细胞因子的关联：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15186990
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.328Feasibility of Multi-Wavelength LED Irradiation on the Skull and Preliminary Glycemic Outcomes in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Pilot Study多波长LED颅骨照射在2型糖尿病患者中的可行性及初步血糖结局：一项前瞻性初步研究DOI: 10.3390/life16091411
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.329Neonatal Metformin Exposure Is Associated with Altered Adult Metabolic Responses to Hyperlipidic Diet in Male Wistar Rats新生期二甲双胍暴露与雄性Wistar大鼠成年后对高脂饮食代谢反应改变相关DOI: 10.3390/life16091398
Cancers IF: 04.400Volume 18, Issue 18No.330Circulating microRNAs at the Interface of Obesity and Breast Cancer: From Molecular Machinery, Diagnostic Potential, and Therapeutic Perspectives肥胖与乳腺癌交界处的循环microRNA：从分子机制、诊断潜力到治疗前景DOI: 10.3390/cancers18183035
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.331GLP-1 Receptor Agonists as Molecular Relievers of Lipotoxic Stress: From Pancreatic Beta-Cell Cholesterol Efflux to Systemic and Tissue-Specific Metabolic ProtectionGLP-1受体激动剂作为脂毒性应激的分子缓解剂：从胰腺β细胞胆固醇外流到全身及组织特异性代谢保护DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188378
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.332Adipokines as Regulators of Nitric Oxide Synthase Isoforms Across Organs: Emerging Implications for Gastrointestinal Motility脂肪因子作为跨器官一氧化氮合酶亚型的调节因子：对胃肠动力的新兴意义DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188373
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.333Adipocyte Ferroptosis in Obesity: Molecular Mechanisms and Nutraceutical Perspectives肥胖中的脂肪细胞铁死亡：分子机制与营养保健品视角DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188357
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.334Polyol-Functionalized Manganese-Based Nanoparticles: From Insulin Amyloid Inhibition to Nanozyme-Mediated Antioxidant Activity多元醇功能化锰基纳米颗粒：从胰岛素淀粉样蛋白抑制到纳米酶介导的抗氧化活性DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188321
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.335Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) Improves Fitness in Aged Drosophila by Reducing AKT Phosphorylation睡茄（南非醉茄）通过降低AKT磷酸化改善衰老果蝇的体能DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188314
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.336A Chemically Characterized Polyherbal Extract Selectively Attenuates Chronic Unpredictable Stress-Induced Redox-Sensitive, Inflammatory, and Metabolic Alterations in Female Rats一种经化学表征的复方草药提取物选择性减轻雌性大鼠慢性不可预测应激诱导的氧化还原敏感、炎症及代谢改变DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188298
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.337Reframing Alzheimer's Disease Through a Redox-Metabolic Framework通过氧化还原-代谢框架重新认识阿尔茨海默病DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188294
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.338Circulating Asprosin Declines During 24 Months of Growth Hormone Replacement and Is Associated with IGF-1 and Metabolic Remodeling in Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency循环白脂素在生长激素替代治疗24个月期间下降，并与成人生长激素缺乏症患者的胰岛素样生长因子-1和代谢重塑相关DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188225
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.339GLP-1 and Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Pediatric Obesity: From Neuroendocrine Mechanisms to Clinical ApplicationGLP-1与双重GIP/GLP-1受体激动剂在儿童肥胖中的应用：从神经内分泌机制到临床应用DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188191
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.340Obesity, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Precocious Puberty: Do All Roads Lead to the Hypothalamus?肥胖、氧化应激与炎症在性早熟中的作用：所有通路都通向 hypothalamus 吗？DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188159
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.341Dietary Nucleotides as Potential Modulators of Inflammatory and Metabolic Pathways with Implications for Insulin Resistance膳食核苷酸作为炎症和代谢通路的潜在调节剂及其对胰岛素抵抗的影响DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188133
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.342Coptidis Rhizoma for Obesity, Diabetes, and Dyslipidemia: An Integrated Meta-Analysis and In Silico Study黄连用于肥胖、糖尿病和血脂异常：一项整合的荟萃分析和计算机模拟研究DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188109
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.343Immunometabolism in Obesity-Associated Type 2 Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Targets肥胖相关2型糖尿病中的免疫代谢：分子机制与新兴治疗靶点DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188063
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.344Diet-Dependent Effects of Intracerebroventricular Maresin-1 on Hypothalamus of Rats饮食依赖性脑室内注射Maresin-1对大鼠下丘脑的影响DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188039
Gels IF: 05.300Volume 12, Issue 9No.345Gel-Based Drug Delivery Platforms: A Critical, Mechanistic Review of Design, Cross-Linking, and Disease-Specific Translation (2010-2026)基于凝胶的药物递送平台：设计、交联与疾病特异性转化的批判性机制综述（2010-2026）DOI: 10.3390/gels12090787
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.346Psychological and Glycemic Outcomes Associated with EMDR Therapy in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Comparative Study儿童和青少年1型糖尿病患者接受EMDR治疗相关的心理和血糖结局：一项回顾性比较研究DOI: 10.3390/children13091262
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.347Biomarkers of Treatment-Escalation Risk by Obesity Status in Pediatric Asthma: A Development and External Validation Cohort Study儿童哮喘中按肥胖状态划分的治疗升级风险生物标志物：一项开发与外部验证队列研究DOI: 10.3390/children13091242
Children IF: 02.100Volume 13, Issue 9No.348Clinical and Hormonal Characteristics and Short-Term Outcomes of Diazoxide Use in Hypoglycemic Neonates: A Retrospective Cohort Study低血糖新生儿使用二氮嗪的临床与激素特征及短期结局：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.3390/children13091157
Foods IF: 05.100Volume 15, Issue 18No.349Consumer Acceptability and Metabolic Health Benefits of Meals Containing Pulses (Chickpeas, Lentils, Peas) for Sedentary Office Workers含豆类（鹰嘴豆、小扁豆、豌豆）的膳食对久坐办公人员的消费者可接受性及代谢健康益处DOI: 10.3390/foods15183302
Foods IF: 05.100Volume 15, Issue 18No.350Rice-Flour-Based Diet Is Associated with Reduced Obesity-Related and Glucose-Related Outcomes and Increased Ucp3 Expression in KK-Ay Mice米粉基饮食与KK-Ay小鼠肥胖相关及葡萄糖相关结局改善和Ucp3表达增加相关DOI: 10.3390/foods15183209
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.351Association of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index with Premature Myocardial Infarction in a Propensity Score-Matched Non-Diabetic Population甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数与倾向性评分匹配的非糖尿病人群中早发心肌梗死的关联DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16182999
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.352Sex-Dependent Effects of Exogenous Irisin on Pancreatic Endocrine-Cell Immunophenotype in Post-Weaning Wistar Rats外源性鸢尾素对断奶后Wistar大鼠胰腺内分泌细胞免疫表型的性别依赖性影响DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090967
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.353Functional Connections Between Insulin and Neurotrophin-3 in Hemodialysis Patients with Type 2 Diabetes胰岛素与Neurotrophin-3在2型糖尿病血液透析患者中的功能联系DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090884
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.354Liposomal Nanocarriers in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Formulation Design, Targeting Strategies, and Therapeutic Outcomes脂质体纳米载体在非酒精性脂肪性肝病中的应用：制剂设计、靶向策略及治疗结果的系统综述DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090883
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.355Glucose Transporters: Structure, Trafficking, Physiology, and Disease Relevance葡萄糖转运体：结构、转运、生理学及疾病相关性DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090861
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.356Salivary Versus Circulating Insulin in Humans: Quantitative Evidence and Validation Requirements人类唾液胰岛素与循环胰岛素：定量证据与验证要求DOI: 10.3390/biom16091348
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.357Dystrophin Deficiency Creates a Pro-Ferroptotic Environment in Diaphragm of mdx Mice That Is Modified by Diet and Glucocorticoid Treatment肌营养不良蛋白缺乏在mdx小鼠膈肌中营造促铁死亡环境，并受饮食和糖皮质激素治疗调节DOI: 10.3390/biom16091347
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.358Circulating Amino Acid Profiles in Adults with Abnormal Body Mass Index: Associations with Triglycerides, HDL Cholesterol, LDL Cholesterol, and Total Cholesterol in an Exploratory Cross-Sectional Metabolomic Pilot Study体重指数异常成人的循环氨基酸谱：一项探索性横断面代谢组学初步研究中与甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总胆固醇的关联DOI: 10.3390/biom16091305
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.359IGF-1Eb Isoform Immunoreactivity May Be Associated with Placental Dysfunction and Vascular Pathology in Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR)IGF-1Eb异构体免疫反应性可能与胎儿生长受限中的胎盘功能障碍和血管病理相关DOI: 10.3390/biom16091281
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.360Concurrent Inhibition of AKT and GLUT1 Reveals Endpoint-Specific Effects on Glucose Metabolism and Cell Death in HepG2 Hepatocyte-Derived Cells同时抑制AKT和GLUT1揭示对HepG2肝细胞衍生细胞葡萄糖代谢和细胞死亡的终点特异性效应DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092133
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.361Immunometabolic Dysregulation in Female Obesity: Mechanistic Links to Ovarian Dysfunction, Implantation Failure, and Preeclampsia女性肥胖中的免疫代谢失调：与卵巢功能障碍、着床失败和子痫前期的机制联系DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092039
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.362Insulin Tolerance Test in Adult GH Deficiency: An Exploratory Study Deriving BMI-Dependent Cut-Offs Using a Clinical Reference Standard成人生长激素缺乏症中的胰岛素耐量试验：一项利用临床参考标准推导体重指数依赖性切点的探索性研究DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092001
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.363The Emerging Potential of Diabetes Technology to Improve Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review糖尿病技术改善1型糖尿病患者代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病的潜在新前景：叙述性综述DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091986
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.364Interorgan Crosstalk in MASLD: A Narrative ReviewMASLD中的器官间串扰：叙述性综述DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091949
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.365Iron Deficiency in Endocrine Diseases and the Therapeutic Role of Liposomal Iron: A Comprehensive Review内分泌疾病中的铁缺乏与脂质体铁的治疗作用：一项综合性综述DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091944
Antioxidants IF: 06.600Volume 15, Issue 9No.366Betaine in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential甜菜碱在代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病中的作用机制与治疗潜力DOI: 10.3390/antiox15091209
Antioxidants IF: 06.600Volume 15, Issue 9No.367Soursop-Derived Gut Metabolites Restore Adipose Metabolic Homeostasis and Attenuate Fructose-Induced Adipotoxicity: Mechanistic Insights into the Soursop-Gut-Adipose Axis刺果番荔枝来源的肠道代谢物恢复脂肪代谢稳态并减轻果糖诱导的脂肪毒性：刺果番荔枝-肠道-脂肪轴机制见解DOI: 10.3390/antiox15091106
Antioxidants IF: 06.600Volume 15, Issue 9No.368Antidiabetic Properties of Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonists: A Systematic Review组胺H1受体拮抗剂的抗糖尿病特性：一项系统综述DOI: 10.3390/antiox15091098
Physiological reports IF: 01.900Volume 14, Issue 18No.369Acute high-protein feeding induces hepatic amino acid accumulation in diabetic male mice prior to transcriptional adaptation急性高蛋白喂养在转录适应之前诱导糖尿病雄性小鼠肝脏氨基酸积累DOI: 10.14814/phy2.71117
BMC medicine IF: 08.300Volume 24, Issue 1No.370Biological signature of dietary patterns in older adults: findings from a population-based study老年人饮食模式的生物学特征：一项基于人群的研究发现DOI: 10.1186/s12916-026-05202-2
Obesity surgery IF: 03.100Ahead of Print.No.371Association Between Cholecystectomy and Gastroesophageal Inflammatory Findings After Sleeve Gastrectomy: Endoscopic and Metabolic Evaluation胆囊切除术与袖状胃切除术后胃食管炎症表现的关联：内镜与代谢评估DOI: 10.1007/s11695-026-08947-0
J Gen Intern Med IF: 04.200Ahead of Print.No.372Authors Respond: Insulin Glargine Utilization and Spending Before and After the First Biosimilar Insulin Glargine: A Real-World Data Study作者回应：首个甘精胰岛素生物类似药上市前后的甘精胰岛素使用与支出：一项真实世界数据研究DOI: 10.1007/s11606-026-10837-1
Journal of Human Hypertension IF: 03.400Ahead of Print.No.373Association between the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and isolated nocturnal hypertension甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值与单纯夜间高血压的关联DOI: 10.1038/s41371-026-01230-w
BMC pediatrics IF: 02.000Volume 26, Issue 1No.374Parental needs and experiences with e-Health applications in chronic pediatric care - a scoping review慢性儿科护理中家长对电子健康应用的需求与体验——一项范围综述DOI: 10.1186/s12887-026-07737-y
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.375Awareness of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Associated Factors Among Adults with Diabetes or a Family Member with Diabetes in Jazan, Saudi Arabia沙特阿拉伯Jazan地区糖尿病患者或其家庭成员对糖尿病酮症酸中毒的认知及相关因素DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14183042
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.376Low Serum C-Peptide and Albuminuria Severity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study2型糖尿病中低血清C肽与白蛋白尿严重程度的横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15186950
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.377MORG1 Haploinsufficiency Is Associated with Stage- and Sex-Dependent Renoprotection and Signalling Alterations in Diabetic Kidney DiseaseMORG1单倍体不足与糖尿病肾病中阶段和性别依赖的肾脏保护及信号改变相关DOI: 10.3390/ijms27187990
Antioxidants IF: 06.600Volume 15, Issue 9No.378PCSK9 Inhibition Attenuates Renal Oxidative Stress and Lipotoxicity in Diabetic Kidney Disease in Association with AMPK Activation抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素/kexin 9型可减轻糖尿病肾病中的肾脏氧化应激和脂毒性并与AMPK激活相关DOI: 10.3390/antiox15091182
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.379Association of SGLT2 Inhibitor Use with Glycosuria, Pyuria, Urinary Symptoms, and Significant Urine Culture Positivity in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cross-Sectional StudySGLT2抑制剂使用与成人2型糖尿病患者尿糖、脓尿、泌尿系统症状及显著尿培养阳性的关联：一项前瞻性横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091721
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.380Preliminary Evaluation of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Human Bladder Cancer T24 CellsSGLT2抑制剂在人膀胱癌T24细胞中的初步评估DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092037
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.381Metabolic and Lipoprotein Changes in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated with Empagliflozin恩格列净治疗2型糖尿病患者的代谢与脂蛋白变化DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092016
Handb Exp PharmacolAhead of Print.No.382Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Rodent Models of Diabetic NephropathySGLT2抑制剂在糖尿病肾病啮齿动物模型中的效应DOI: 10.1007/164_2026_845
Pharmaceuticals IF: 04.800Volume 19, Issue 9No.383Design, Synthesis and Antihyperglycemic/Antilipidemic Activities of Quinoline-thiazolidine-2,4-dione Hybrid喹啉-噻唑烷-2,4-二酮杂合物的设计、合成及其抗高血糖/抗高脂血症活性DOI: 10.3390/ph19091490
Front Cell Infect Microbiol IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue No.384Fecal microbiota transplantation from duodenal light stimulation-conditioned donors is associated with improved glucose tolerance and intestinal incretin-related remodeling in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats来自十二指肠光刺激供体的粪菌移植与糖尿病Goto-Kakizaki大鼠糖耐量改善及肠道肠促胰岛素相关重塑相关DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1900693
Front Clin Diabetes Healthc IF: 02.200Volume 7, Issue No.385COVID-19 pandemic and the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus among women in Fiji: concerns and context specific interventionsCOVID-19大流行与斐济女性2型糖尿病管理：关切与情境特异性干预措施DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2026.1846673
Oxford medical case reports IF: 00.400Volume 2026, Issue 9No.386Descending necrotizing mediastinitis after pharyngeal fish bone impaction: a case report咽部鱼骨嵌顿后发生下行性坏死性纵隔炎：一例病例报告DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omag177
Frontiers in endocrinology IF: 04.600Volume 17, Issue No.387COVID-19 and subsequent risk of coded diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter propensity score-matched cohort studyCOVID-19与2型糖尿病患者后续编码糖尿病视网膜病变风险：一项多中心倾向评分匹配队列研究DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1914361
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.388Health literacy and the health belief model in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A bibliometric analysis of global research trends (1982-2026)2型糖尿病中的健康素养与健康信念模型：全球研究趋势的文献计量学分析（1982-2026）DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050857
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.389Effects of Curcumin Supplementation on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials姜黄素补充对成人2型糖尿病患者炎症生物标志物的影响：随机对照试验的系统综述与Meta分析DOI: 10.3390/nu18183028
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.390Macronutrient Intake and Carbohydrate Quality in Indian Adults With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: The Multicentre I-STARCH-1 Cross-Sectional Study印度2型糖尿病与非2型糖尿病成人的宏量营养素摄入与碳水化合物质量：多中心I-STARCH-1横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/nu18182993
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.391Beneficial Roles of Bioconversion-Derived Metabolites of Dietary Components as Potential Biological Regulators in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus膳食成分生物转化衍生代谢物在肥胖和2型糖尿病中作为潜在生物调节剂的有益作用DOI: 10.3390/nu18182980
Nutrients IF: 05.000Volume 18, Issue 18No.392Therapeutic Potential of Selected Flavonoids as Natural Antidiabetic Agents选定黄酮类化合物作为天然抗糖尿病药物的治疗潜力DOI: 10.3390/nu18182944
Molecules IF: 04.600Volume 31, Issue 18No.393Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1,3,5-Triazine Derivatives for GPR119 Agonistic Activity1,3,5-三嗪衍生物的合成及其GPR119激动活性的生物学评价DOI: 10.3390/molecules31183289
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.394Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults in Primary Care According to Four Explicit Criteria: Associations with Patient Factors根据四种明确标准评估初级保健中老年人潜在不适当用药：与患者因素的关联DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091813
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.395Integrated Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Risk Profiling in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Machine Learning-Assisted Cross-Sectional Analysis2型糖尿病患者的心-肾-代谢综合风险分析：一项机器学习辅助的横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187315
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.396Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in Diabetic Polyneuropathy: Associations with Neuropathy Burden, Balance Impairment, and Fear of Falling糖尿病多发性神经病中的血清神经丝轻链：与神经病负担、平衡障碍及跌倒恐惧的关联DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187142
Microorganisms IF: 04.200Volume 14, Issue 9No.397Toward AI-Driven Detection of Asymptomatic Chronic Conditions from Stool Metagenomics and Dietary Data: A Multimodal Deep Learning Framework for T1DM, T2DM, MOS/PCOS, Cancer, and Autoimmune Disease迈向基于粪便宏基因组和饮食数据的人工智能驱动无症状慢性病检测：针对T1DM、T2DM、MOS/PCOS、癌症和自身免疫性疾病的多模态深度学习框架DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms14091880
Life IF: 03.400Volume 16, Issue 9No.398Effects of Bioactive Microalgal Pigment Intake on Metabolic Parameters, Cecal Distribution and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in a Diabetic Rat Model生物活性微藻色素摄入对糖尿病大鼠模型代谢参数、盲肠分布及短链脂肪酸的影响DOI: 10.3390/life16091540
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.399Trajectory-Oriented Brain Vulnerability Framework for Cognitive Decline in Type 2 Diabetes面向轨迹的2型糖尿病认知衰退脑脆弱性框架DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188342
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.400Skeletal Muscle Effects of GLP 1 Receptor Agonists: Molecular Mechanisms and Comparative Insights on Semaglutide and Tirzepatide, a Narrative ReviewGLP-1受体激动剂的骨骼肌效应：分子机制及司美格鲁肽与替尔泊肽的比较性叙述综述DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188057
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.401Lifestyle Adherence and Metabolic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Development of a Lifestyle Compliance Index2型糖尿病成人的生活方式依从性与代谢控制：生活方式依从性指数的开发DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16183068
Diagnostics IF: 03.300Volume 16, Issue 18No.402Factors Associated with Clinically Inadequate Bowel Preparation Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Colonoscopy: A Single-Center Observational Study糖尿病患者结肠镜检查中临床肠道准备不充分的相关因素：一项单中心观察性研究DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16182935
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.403Reducing Thirty-Day Readmissions Among Geriatric Patients Through Multidisciplinary Care: A Tertiary Center Experience通过多学科护理降低老年患者30天再入院率：一家三级中心的经验DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14182991
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.404Association Between Baseline Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Newly Documented Depression Diagnosis in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Multi-State Medicaid Cohort Study基线胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂使用与成人2型糖尿病新发抑郁诊断的关联：一项多州Medicaid队列研究DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14182971
Healthcare IF: 02.700Volume 14, Issue 18No.405Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Sustainable Eating Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Adiposity, Cooking and Food Skills, and Macrovascular Complications2型糖尿病中的地中海饮食依从性与可持续饮食行为：对肥胖、烹饪与食物技能及大血管并发症的横断面分析DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14182934
Curr Issues Mol Biol IF: 03.000Volume 48, Issue 9No.406Hyperglycemic Adipocyte-Derived Exosomes Cause Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells高血糖脂肪细胞来源外泌体导致脑微血管内皮细胞氧化应激和脂质过氧化DOI: 10.3390/cimb48090896
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.407Circulating Ghrelin, Nesfatin-1, and Vaspin Levels Across Glycemic Control Categories in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study2型糖尿病不同血糖控制类别中循环胃饥饿素、nesfatin-1和vaspin水平：一项横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092055
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.408Antioxidants in Oxidative Stress and Obesity-Associated Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Health Implications抗氧化剂在氧化应激与肥胖相关疾病中的作用：分子机制与潜在健康意义DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092049
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.409Imaging and Hemodynamic Mechanisms of Cardiac Remodeling with SGLT2 Inhibitors Across Heart Failure Phenotypes: A Systematic ReviewSGLT2抑制剂在不同心力衰竭表型中导致心脏重构的影像学与血流动力学机制：一项系统评价DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091961
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.410Data-Driven Multidimensional Clinical Phenotypes and Longitudinal Changes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study数据驱动的多维临床表型与2型糖尿病的纵向变化：一项回顾性队列研究DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091903
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.411Mitophagy and Noncoding RNA Regulation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Molecular Mechanisms, Tissue-Specific Evidence and Translational Perspective2型糖尿病中的线粒体自噬与非编码RNA调控：分子机制、组织特异性证据及转化前景DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14091886
Biology IF: 03.500Volume 15, Issue 18No.412Premature Coronary Artery Disease, Association with Relative Blood Number of Mitochondrial DNA Copies in Mexican Population-Results of GEA Study早发冠状动脉疾病与墨西哥人群线粒体DNA相对血液拷贝数的关联——GEA研究结果DOI: 10.3390/biology15181572
Bioengineering IF: 03.700Volume 13, Issue 9No.413Unravelling the Impact of Diabetes on Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) Axis Signalling in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from the Bone of Knee Joints揭示糖尿病对膝关节骨来源间充质干细胞中胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）轴信号的影响DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering13091043
BMC health services research IF: 03.000Volume 26, Issue 1No.414Validation and psychometric evaluation of the Diabetes Quality-of-Life Brief Clinical Inventory: Tamil version (DQoL-BCI-T)糖尿病生活质量简明临床量表的验证与心理测量学评估：泰米尔语版本（DQoL-BCI-T）DOI: 10.1186/s12913-026-15638-0
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.415Effects of DPP4 Inhibition on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Gestational Diabetes MellitusDPP4抑制对实验性妊娠期糖尿病炎症和氧化应激的影响DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188303
Medicine IF: 01.400Volume 105, Issue 39No.416Mass-forming ischemic colitis mimicking colon cancer: A case report of early repeat colonoscopy肿块型缺血性结肠炎模拟结肠癌：早期重复结肠镜检查的病例报告DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000050814
Medicina IF: 02.400Volume 62, Issue 9No.417Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome and Its Hepatic Dimension: A Narrative Review心血管-肾脏-代谢综合征及其肝脏维度：叙述性综述DOI: 10.3390/medicina62091742
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.418Cardiovascular Risk in Psoriatic Arthritis in the Treat-to-Target Era: A Focused Expert Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Risk Assessment, Vascular Imaging, and Prevention达标治疗时代银屑病关节炎的心血管风险：流行病学、风险评估、血管影像与预防的聚焦专家叙述性综述DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187283
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.419Metabolic Complications in Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases: Pathophysiology, Clinical Implications, and Therapeutic Perspectives自身免疫性和自身炎症性疾病的代谢并发症：病理生理学、临床意义和治疗前景DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187199
Journal of clinical medicine IF: 02.900Volume 15, Issue 18No.420Osteoporosis and Coronary Artery Disease Burden in Older Adults with Chronic Coronary Syndrome: A Two-Center Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam骨质疏松与慢性冠脉综合征老年患者冠状动脉疾病负担：一项越南双中心横断面研究DOI: 10.3390/jcm15187009
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.421The Role of Regulatory T Cells in Periodontitis With or Without Systemic Diseases: A Systematic Review调节性T细胞在伴或不伴系统性疾病的牙周炎中的作用：一项系统综述DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188415
Int J Mol Sci IF: 04.900Volume 27, Issue 18No.422Features of Lipid Disorders in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome心血管-肾脏-代谢综合征中脂质紊乱的特征DOI: 10.3390/ijms27188317
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.423Apolipoprotein E Mimetic Peptide-Mediated Modulation of Lipid Homeostasis载脂蛋白E模拟肽介导的脂质稳态调节DOI: 10.3390/biom16091352
Biomolecules IF: 04.800Volume 16, Issue 9No.424Perspectives of Natural Products and Sialic Acid Mimetics as Modulators of Human Sialidases NEU1-3 in Atherosclerosis天然产物和唾液酸模拟物作为人唾液酸酶NEU1-3调节剂在动脉粥样硬化中的前景DOI: 10.3390/biom16091319
Biomedicines IF: 03.900Volume 14, Issue 9No.425Lichen-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk: Experimental Evidence, Mechanisms, and Translational Challenges地衣来源生物活性化合物在糖尿病和心血管风险中的作用：实验证据、机制和转化挑战DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines14092083
301
Diabetes Mellitus(DM)
糖尿病
188
Obesity
肥胖症
143
Insulin
胰岛素
72
Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)
2型糖尿病
27
Metabolic Syndrome
代谢综合征
21
Metformin
二甲双胍
17
Semaglutide
司美格鲁肽
15
Diabetic Retinopathy
糖尿病视网膜病
13
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists(GLP-1RA)
胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂
11
Hypoglycemic Agents
降糖药
10
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus(GDM)
妊娠糖尿病
10
Diabetic Foot
糖尿病足
10
Tirzepatide
替尔泊肽
7
Dapagliflozin
达格列净
5
Empagliflozin
恩格列净
5
Diabetes Complications
糖尿病并发症
5
Diabetic Kidney Disease(DKD)
糖尿病肾脏病
5
Liraglutide
利拉鲁肽
4
Dulaglutide
度拉糖肽
4
Exenatide
艾塞那肽
4
Gastrointestinal lipase inhibitor
胃肠道脂肪酶抑制剂
4
Orlistat
奥利司他
4
Type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)
1型糖尿病
4
Diabetic Neuropathies
糖尿病性神经病变
4
Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors(SGLT-2i)
钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂
3
Diabetic acidosis
糖尿病性酸中毒
3
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy(PDN)
糖尿病周围神经病变
2
Canagliflozin
卡格列净
1
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies
糖尿病心肌病
1
Ecnoglutide
埃诺格鲁肽
1
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid(GABA)
γ-氨基丁酸
1
Pregabalin
普瑞巴林
1
Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors(DPP-4i)
二肽基肽酶-4抑制剂
1
Vildagliptin
维格列汀
1
Sitagliptin
西他列汀
1
Albiglutide
阿必鲁肽
1
Lixisenatide
利司那肽
编辑：天纳乾坤
审校：天纳乾坤
临床研究
2026-09-19
打了100年胰岛素，人类终于学会在糖尿病“敲门之前”拦住它
——一文读懂1型糖尿病：从“缺胰岛素”到“免疫叛乱”，诊疗理念的百年变迁与最新突破
引子：孩子查出血糖爆表的那天，病其实已经“偷偷”发展了好几年
上周门诊，一位妈妈带着8岁的儿子坐在我对面。孩子瘦了一圈，最近一个月特别能喝水，一夜能起夜三次，体重却掉了6斤。一查血糖，血糖仪直接“爆表”——30多。
医生说：“是1型糖尿病，从今天起，需要终身打胰岛素。”
妈妈一下子就哭了：“他平时好好的，怎么突然就得了糖尿病？”
这其实是无数1型糖尿病家庭最熟悉、也最心疼的一幕。但很多人不知道：孩子查出血糖超标的那一天，这场病其实已经在身体里“偷偷”酝酿了好几年。
更值得说的是：就在这几年，医学界对1型糖尿病的认识和治疗，正在经历一百年来最深刻的一次变革。我们不再只是“等病发了再补胰岛素”，而是学会了在糖尿病“敲门之前”，就把它拦在门外。这篇文章，就用最通俗的话，把这场静悄悄的革命讲给你听。
一、误会了大半个世纪：不是“缺胰岛素”，是“自己人打自己人”
很多人一听“1型糖尿病”，第一反应是：不就是胰岛坏了，不能分泌胰岛素了吗？这话只说对了一半。如果把它理解成“水龙头坏了，只要一直加水就行”，那就错得离谱了。
真正的真相是这样的：我们身体里有一套“免疫系统”，本来是负责打细菌、打病毒、打坏人的。可在1型糖尿病患者身上，这套系统出了“误判”——它把生产胰岛素的胰岛β细胞，当成了入侵的敌人，派出一队队免疫细胞去围攻、去破坏。
打个比方：这就像家里装了一套先进的防空导弹系统，结果雷达坏了，把自己家的房子当成了敌机，导弹一颗接一颗往自家楼里砸。房子里本来在勤勤恳恳生产胰岛素的小工人（β细胞），被打得节节败退，最后几乎全军覆没。胰岛素自然就不够用了，血糖也就上去了。
所以，1型糖尿病的病根，不是“胰岛素不够”这么简单，而是一场“自己人打自己人”的免疫叛乱。高血糖，只是这场叛乱打到最后、浮出水面的结果。
图1 免疫系统“打错门”：把自家胰岛β细胞工厂当成了敌人
更有意思的是，近年来科学家还发现：β细胞并不是纯粹被动挨打的“冤大头”。被围攻的时候，它们还会“喊救命”——释放信号，招来更多免疫细胞，让战火越烧越旺。这是一场“免疫攻击”和“β细胞脆弱”互相助长的恶性循环。
理解这一点特别重要：如果只把1型糖尿病当成“缺胰岛素”，那治疗就永远只能是“终身打胰岛素”；可如果把它看成一场“免疫叛乱”，那治疗思路就完全打开了——我们能不能在叛乱刚冒头的时候，就把它摁下去？
二、冰山下面的秘密：诊断那天，病已经偷偷发展了好几年
这就引出了今天最关键的一个新观念：1型糖尿病不是“突然”发生的，它是一条慢慢滑行的连续坡道，医学上把它分成三期。
图2 冰山模型：海面上的“三多一少”只是一角，水下是多年的沉默发展
1期：免疫叛乱已经秘密开始
血液里能查到好几种针对胰岛的“自身抗体”，但血糖完全正常，孩子活蹦乱跳，一点症状都没有。这就像冰山露出水面之前，水下已经开始悄悄结冰。
2期：血糖开始“漏水”，但还没确诊
叛乱升级，血糖开始有点不正常，但还没到糖尿病的诊断标准，孩子依然没有不舒服。这个阶段，β细胞已经在批量减少，只是身体还在硬撑。
3期：正式成为临床糖尿病
多饮、多尿、吃得多、体重降下来——老百姓说的“三多一少”出现了，必须靠外源性胰岛素维持生命。
你看，从1期到3期，可能是几个月，也可能是好几年。很多孩子被诊断出来的那天，家属觉得“来得太突然”，其实一点都不突然——这场仗已经打了很久，只是今天才第一次“看见”而已。
这就带来一个巨大的观念转变：3期不是1型糖尿病的起点，而是它第一次变得“看得见”。既然如此，我们为什么非要等到房子被炸毁了才去救火？能不能在1期、2期，也就是免疫叛乱刚冒头、β细胞还大批健在的时候，就出手干预？这正是过去十年医学界最激动人心的方向。
三、一百年，五场“重新认识”：治疗理念的百年变迁
回望1型糖尿病这一百年的治疗史，你会发现一件很有意思的事——每一次重大进步，都不是因为我们把同一件事做得更强了，而是因为我们重新认识了这个病。
图3 1型糖尿病治疗百年五场革命：从“活下来”到“重建新工厂”
第一阶段（1921—1922年）：“活下来”
班廷和贝斯特成功提取胰岛素，把1型糖尿病从一种“确诊即死刑”的绝症，变成了一种可以长期管理的慢性病。在这之前，得了这个病的孩子，往往只能活几个月。
第二阶段（1993年）：“活得更久、并发症更少”
著名的DCCT研究证明，把血糖严格控制好，能让初发视网膜病变风险下降约76%、视网膜病变进展下降约54%，糖尿病肾病和神经病变也显著减少。从那以后，“血糖达标”成了治疗的核心。
第三阶段（2000年代）：“让胰岛素更像身体自己分泌的”
重组人胰岛素、速效与长效类似物、动态血糖监测（CGM）、胰岛素泵、人工胰腺……治疗越来越贴近生理，孩子扎针少了，血糖曲线也平稳了。
第四阶段（2020年代至今）：“别等β细胞大量死亡才治”
人们开始追问：既然免疫攻击早就开始，为什么一定要等血糖高了才介入？于是有了疾病分期、有了“发病前治疗”的概念，有了我们后面要重点讲的替利珠单抗。
第五阶段（正在展开）：“重新建一座胰岛素工厂”
当β细胞真的所剩无几时，我们开始尝试给身体“补种”新的β细胞——从胰岛移植到干细胞来源的胰岛，目标是让人摆脱胰岛素。
从“做什么补什么”，到“别让它发生”，再到“重新造一个”——这条脉络，就是1型糖尿病诊疗理念一百年的全部精华。
四、明星药替利珠单抗：只输14天液，推迟发病2年
在这第四、第五场革命里，目前跑得最快、最有标志性的，是一种叫“替利珠单抗”（Teplizumab）的药。它到底牛在哪？我们先记住三个关键数字：
· 14天：整个疗程只需要短期静脉输液14天，不需要常年吃药打针；
· 约2年：在一群已经到了2期、血糖开始异常但还没确诊糖尿病的高危孩子和年轻人身上，一个疗程下来，发展到3期糖尿病的中位时间，从24.4个月延长到了48.4个月——相当于把“确诊”这件事，硬生生往后推迟了差不多2年；
· 2022→2026：2022年11月，美国FDA首次批准它用于8岁以上2期患者；2026年4月，适用年龄下限降到1岁；2026年6月，适应症又扩展到了刚确诊3期、还保留一部分β细胞的孩子和年轻人。
图4 两种思路对比：传统免疫抑制像“无差别轰炸”，替利珠单抗像“重新校准雷达”
很多人一听“免疫治疗”，立刻就紧张：这是不是把免疫系统全压下去？那以后不得天天感冒、动不动感染？
这就是替利珠单抗最巧妙的地方。它不是“杀光”免疫细胞，而是“调教”它们。传统的免疫抑制剂像是“无差别轰炸”——把整个防空系统一起关了，坏人进不来，好人也进不来，病人动不动就感染，甚至有肿瘤风险。替利珠单抗做的事，更像是“重新校准雷达”，它一共做了三件事：
一是给“攻击部队”按下疲劳键。它给攻击胰岛的那些“坏”T细胞发送一个“部分激活”的信号，就像给累瘫的士兵按下休眠键——士兵还活着，但打不动了；
二是培养“维和部队”。它同时让一种叫“调节性T细胞”的免疫警察增多，专门维持秩序，不让其他免疫细胞乱来；
三是建立“精准黑名单”。这种“重新教育”是有记性的——药代谢完了，效果还能持续好几年，因为免疫细胞的“名单”被改写了。
换句话说：它没有把防空系统关掉，只是把误炸自家房子的那几枚导弹，悄悄拆掉了引信。这就是为什么它能在推迟糖尿病的同时，并不明显增加严重感染的风险。
当然，它也不是万能神药：疗效因人而异，β细胞已经所剩无几的人，再用效果就有限了；价格也不便宜。但它真正的历史意义在于——这是人类第一次，可以在“糖尿病正式确诊之前”，用一种药去改变这个病的自然进程。
五、除了它，医生手里还有哪些“新武器”？
替利珠单抗只是一个开始。围绕“在β细胞大量死亡之前保住它”，整个药箱都在更新。
第一类：老药新用，从别的科“借”过来
比如原本治类风湿关节炎的巴瑞替尼（口服JAK抑制剂）、依那西普和戈利木单抗（抗肿瘤坏死因子α的生物制剂），在临床试验中都显示出一定的“保住C肽、减少胰岛素需求”的效果。这就像发现一件旧衣服，换个场合穿居然特别合身。
第二类：直接保护β细胞本身
比如降压药维拉帕米，研究发现它能减轻β细胞的“过劳死”，安全性好、也便宜，特别适合和免疫治疗搭档。
第三类：给身体“补种”新的胰岛素工厂
这是最接近“治愈”的方向。2023年，FDA批准了第一种胰岛细胞产品Lantidra，专门给那些反复严重低血糖、血糖像过山车一样失控的成年1型糖尿病患者使用。而在最前沿，科学家正用干细胞“种”出大量新的胰岛细胞——2025年公布的一项早期研究中，12位患者在植入细胞后全部测到了自己的C肽，其中10位在整整一年后彻底摆脱了胰岛素。
图5 未来的“功能性治愈”：给身体种一座带“隐身衣”的新胰岛素工厂
当然，这些“新工厂”现在还面临一个大麻烦：新种进去的β细胞，原来那套“打错门”的免疫叛乱还是会把它们认出来、再打一遍。所以未来真正的杀手锏，是一边种新细胞，一边给它们穿上“隐身衣”（通过基因编辑降低免疫原性），让免疫细胞看不见它们，也就不用让患者常年吃副作用很大的免疫抑制剂了。
第四类：给免疫系统“上一课”
比如把胰岛素、GAD这些β细胞自己的蛋白，以特定方式重新喂给免疫系统，“教育”它认识自己人；再比如直接在体外扩增有“维和”功能的调节性T细胞（Treg），再输回患者体内。这些方法理论上最接近“治本”，但目前疗效还不够稳定，未来更可能和其他药联合作战。
这里还要特别提醒一句：“能降血糖的药”和“能改变病程的药”，是两码事。普兰林肽、二甲双胍、GLP-1受体激动剂这些药，确实能帮着把血糖控制得更好，但它们并没有改变免疫攻击的根本进程。评价一种药是不是“疾病修正药”，核心看的不是血糖数字降了多少，而是它有没有把残余的β细胞功能（医学上叫“C肽”）保住。
六、写在最后：给普通家庭的几句大实话
讲到这里，文章的最后，我想把最实在的几句话留给你。
第一，1型糖尿病不是“突然找上门”的，它有一段沉默的潜伏期。如果家里有直系亲属得了1型糖尿病，或者孩子反复出现不明原因的多饮、多尿、体重下降，不要当成“最近学习太累”。去内分泌科查一查胰岛自身抗体、血糖和C肽，往往能在它“敲门之前”就发现苗头。
第二，治疗的时机，比药有多强更重要。β细胞还大批健在的时候，温和的免疫干预就能起到大作用；等β细胞几乎死光了，再强的药也变不出新的细胞。“早一步”在这个病上，价值千金。
第三，别迷信“神药”，也别对“治愈”失望。替利珠单抗、干细胞胰岛这些突破确实让人兴奋，但它们都有适用人群、有代价、有不确定性。真正的好消息不是某一种药包治百病，而是我们终于有了一整套“早筛—早干预—保β细胞—必要时重建”的体系。
第四，理性看待“治愈”这两个字。真正可推广的功能性治愈，至少要做到长期稳定分泌胰岛素、不发生严重低血糖、能摆脱外源性胰岛素、不用常年吃免疫抑制剂。距离这一天，我们还有路要走；但比起十年前，我们已经近了一大步。
一百年前，得了1型糖尿病的孩子只能等死；五十年前，他们学会了打胰岛素，但一辈子被“血糖数字”追着跑；今天，我们开始学会在疾病还在潜伏期时就把它拦住；明天，我们或许能让β细胞工厂重新开工。
医学上每一次看似遥远的突破，最后都会变成诊室里真实的希望。如果你身边正好有这样的家庭，把这篇文章转给他们看看——了解得越早，选择就越多。
说明：文中涉及的药物适应症、适用人群与诊疗方案均以最新版临床指南和医生面诊为准。本文仅供健康科普，不构成具体诊疗建议。
参考文献
[1] 秦威城, 罗说明, 周智广. 1型糖尿病疾病修正治疗的现状与展望[J]. 中华内科杂志, 2026, 65(8): 885-891. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20260331-00187.
[2] Insel RA, Dunne JL, Atkinson MA, et al. Staging presymptomatic type 1 diabetes: a scientific statement of JDRF, the Endocrine Society, and the American Diabetes Association[J]. Diabetes Care, 2015, 38(10): 1964-1974. DOI: 10.2337/dc15-1419.
[3] Perkins BA, Sherr JL, Mathieu C. Type 1 diabetes glycemic management: insulin therapy, glucose monitoring, and automation[J]. Science, 2021, 373(6554): 522-527. DOI: 10.1126/science.abg4502.
[4] von Scholten BJ, Kreiner FF, Gough S, et al. Current and future therapies for type 1 diabetes[J]. Diabetologia, 2021, 64(5): 1037-1048. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05398-3.
[5] American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026[J]. Diabetes Care, 2026, 49(Suppl 1): S1-S371.
[6] 杨舒婷, 邓超, 何斌斌, 等. 《糖尿病分型诊断中国专家共识》在糖尿病分型诊断中的临床实践应用[J]. 中华内科杂志, 2023, 62(9): 1085-1092. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20230131-00043.
[7] Greenbaum C, Lord S, VanBuecken D. Emerging concepts on disease-modifying therapies in type 1 diabetes[J]. Curr Diab Rep, 2017, 17(11): 119. DOI: 10.1007/s11892-017-0932-x.
[8] Lord S, Greenbaum CJ. Disease modifying therapies in type 1 diabetes: where have we been, and where are we going?[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2015, 98: 3-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.02.002.
[9] Roca-Rivada A, Oliveira JG, Martin-Vazquez E, et al. The type 1 diabetes candidate genes PTPN2 and BACH2 regulate the IFN-α-induced crosstalk between JAK/STAT and MAPKs pathways in human beta cells[J]. EBioMedicine, 2025, 120: 105932. DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105932.
[10] Roca-Rivada A, Marín-Cañas S, Colli ML, et al. Inhibition of the type 1 diabetes candidate gene PTPN2 aggravates TNF-α-induced human beta cell dysfunction and death[J]. Diabetologia, 2023, 66(8): 1544-1556. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05908-5.
[11] Herold KC, Bundy BN, Long SA, et al. An anti-CD3 antibody, teplizumab, in relatives at risk for type 1 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2019, 381(7): 603-613. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1902226.
[12] Haller MJ, et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024: screening, staging, and strategies to preserve beta-cell function in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes[EB/OL]. International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes, 2024[2026-09-18]. https://www.ispad.org/static/02e0d796-be31-44a3-ba79af72d00206ba/ICPCG-Chapter-2-2024.pdf.
[13] Phillip M, et al. Consensus guidance for monitoring individuals with islet autoantibody-positive pre-stage 3 type 1 diabetes[J]. Diabetes Care, 2024, 47(8): 1276-1298. DOI: 10.2337/dci24-0042.
[14] 童越, 肖扬, 罗说明, 周智广. 糖尿病的连续疾病谱学说[J]. 中国实用内科杂志, 2020, 40(1): 1-4.
[15] 肖扬, 李霞, 周智广. 糖尿病连续疾病谱：理念与实践[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志, 2019, 11(7): 457-460. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-5809.2019.07.003.
[16] 葛均波, 徐永健, 王辰. 内科学[M]. 9版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2018.
[17] European Association for the Study of the Liver, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, European Association for the Study of Obesity. EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)[J]. J Hepatol, 2024, 81(3): 492-542. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.04.031.
[18] Lledó-Delgado A, Preston-Hurlburt P, Currie S, et al. Teplizumab induces persistent changes in the antigen-specific repertoire in individuals at risk for type 1 diabetes[J]. J Clin Invest, 2024, 134(18): e177492. DOI: 10.1172/JCI177492.
[19] Ramos EL, Dayan CM, Chatenoud L, et al. Teplizumab and β-cell function in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2023, 389(23): 2151-2161. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2308743.
[20] Hirsch JS. FDA approves teplizumab: a milestone in type 1 diabetes[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2023, 11(1): 18. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00351-5.
[21] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. TZIELD (teplizumab-mzwv) BLA 761183 approval letter[EB/OL]. (2022-11-17)[2026-09-18]. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2023/761183Orig1s000Approv.pdf.
[22] Sanofi. Sanofi's Tzield approved in the US as the first disease-modifying therapy for patients recently diagnosed with stage 3 type 1 diabetes[EB/OL]. (2026-06-12)[2026-09-18]. https://www.sanofi.com/en/media-room/press-releases/2026/2026-06-12-22-09-58-3311349.
[23] Sanofi. Sanofi's Tzield approved in the US to delay the onset of stage 3 type 1 diabetes in young children[EB/OL]. (2026-04-22)[2026-09-18]. https://www.sanofi.com/en/media-room/press-releases/2026/2026-04-22-05-05-00-3278650.
[24] Galderisi A, Sims EK, Evans-Molina C, et al. Trajectory of beta cell function and insulin clearance in stage 2 type 1 diabetes: natural history and response to teplizumab[J]. Diabetologia, 2025, 68(3): 646-661. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06323-0.
[25] Lledó-Delgado A, Preston-Hurlburt P, Higdon L, et al. Latent EBV enhances the efficacy of anti-CD3 mAb in type 1 diabetes[J]. Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1): 5033. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60276-5.
[26] Sassi G, Lemaitre P, Calvo LF, et al. Neutrophil-enriched gene signature correlates with teplizumab therapy resistance in different stages of type 1 diabetes[J]. J Clin Invest, 2025, 135(23): e176403. DOI: 10.1172/JCI176403.
[27] Sims EK, Geyer SM, Long SA, et al. High proinsulin:C-peptide ratio identifies individuals with stage 2 type 1 diabetes at high risk for progression to clinical diagnosis and responses to teplizumab treatment[J]. Diabetologia, 2023, 66(12): 2283-2291. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06003-5.
[28] Rigby MR, Harris KM, Pinckney A, et al. Alefacept provides sustained clinical and immunological effects in new-onset type 1 diabetes patients[J]. J Clin Invest, 2015, 125(8): 3285-3296. DOI: 10.1172/JCI81722.
[29] Russell WE, Bundy BN, Anderson MS, et al. Abatacept for delay of type 1 diabetes progression in stage 1 relatives at risk: a randomized, double-masked, controlled trial[J]. Diabetes Care, 2023, 46(5): 1005-1013. DOI: 10.2337/dc22-2200.
[30] Mathieu C, Wych J, Hendriks A, et al. Minimum effective low dose of antithymocyte globulin in people aged 5-25 years with recent-onset stage 3 type 1 diabetes (MELD-ATG): a phase 2, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, adaptive dose-ranging trial[J]. Lancet, 2025, 406(10510): 1375-1388. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01674-5.
[31] Gitelman SE, Gottlieb PA, Felner EI, et al. Antithymocyte globulin therapy for patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: 2 year results of a randomised trial[J]. Diabetologia, 2016, 59(6): 1153-1161. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3917-4.
[32] Chaimowitz NS, Ebenezer SJ, Hanson IC, et al. STAT1 gain of function, type 1 diabetes, and reversal with JAK inhibition[J]. N Engl J Med, 2020, 383(15): 1494-1496. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2022226.
[33] Waibel M, Wentworth JM, So M, et al. Baricitinib and β-cell function in patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2023, 389(23): 2140-2150. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2306691.
[34] Bazile C, Abdel Malik MM, Ackeifi C, et al. TNF-α inhibitors for type 1 diabetes: exploring the path to a pivotal clinical trial[J]. Front Immunol, 2024, 15: 1470677. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1470677.
[35] Mastrandrea L, Yu J, Behrens T, et al. Etanercept treatment in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes: pilot randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study[J]. Diabetes Care, 2009, 32(7): 1244-1249. DOI: 10.2337/dc09-0054.
[36] Quattrin T, Haller MJ, Steck AK, et al. Golimumab and beta-cell function in youth with new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2020, 383(21): 2007-2017. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2006136.
[37] Tatovic D, Marwaha A, Taylor P, et al. Ustekinumab for type 1 diabetes in adolescents: a multicentre, double-blind, randomized phase 2 trial[J]. Nat Med, 2024, 30(9): 2657-2666. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03115-2.
[38] Greenbaum CJ, Serti E, Lambert K, et al. IL-6 receptor blockade does not slow β cell loss in new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. JCI Insight, 2021, 6(21): e150074. DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150074.
[39] Rosenzwajg M, Salet R, Lorenzon R, et al. Low-dose IL-2 in children with recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes: a phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding study[J]. Diabetologia, 2020, 63(9): 1808-1821. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05200-w.
[40] von Herrath M, Bain SC, Bode B, et al. Anti-interleukin-21 antibody and liraglutide for the preservation of β-cell function in adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2021, 9(4): 212-224. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00019-X.
[41] Gitelman SE, Bundy BN, Ferrannini E, et al. Imatinib therapy for patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2021, 9(8): 502-514. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00139-X.
[42] Ovalle F, Grimes T, Xu G, et al. Verapamil and beta cell function in adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. Nat Med, 2018, 24(8): 1108-1112. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0089-4.
[43] Hostrup PE, Schmidt T, Hellsten SB, et al. Effect of fenofibrate on residual beta cell function in adults and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: a randomised clinical trial[J]. Diabetologia, 2025, 68(1): 29-40. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06290-6.
[44] Carlsson PO, Espes D, Sisay S, et al. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells preserve endogenous insulin production in type 1 diabetes: a phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial[J]. Diabetologia, 2023, 66(8): 1431-1441. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05934-3.
[45] Hering BJ, Clarke WR, Bridges ND, et al. Phase 3 trial of transplantation of human islets in type 1 diabetes complicated by severe hypoglycemia[J]. Diabetes Care, 2016, 39(7): 1230-1240. DOI: 10.2337/dc15-1988.
[46] Foster ED, Bridges ND, Feurer ID, et al. Improved health-related quality of life in a phase 3 islet transplantation trial in type 1 diabetes complicated by severe hypoglycemia[J]. Diabetes Care, 2018, 41(5): 1001-1008. DOI: 10.2337/dc17-1779.
[47] Lablanche S, Vantyghem MC, Kessler L, et al. Islet transplantation versus insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes with severe hypoglycaemia or poorly controlled glycaemia after kidney transplantation (TRIMECO): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2018, 6(7): 527-537. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30078-0.
[48] Markmann JF, Rickels MR, Eggerman TL, et al. Phase 3 trial of human islet-after-kidney transplantation in type 1 diabetes[J]. Am J Transplant, 2021, 21(4): 1477-1492. DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16174.
[49] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. LANTIDRA (donislecel-jujn): orphan drug marketing approval (approval date 2023-06-28)[EB/OL]. [2026-09-18]. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/opdlisting/oopd/detailedIndex.cfm?cfgridkey=549917.
[50] Wang S, Du Y, Zhang B, et al. Transplantation of chemically induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived islets under abdominal anterior rectus sheath in a type 1 diabetes patient[J]. Cell, 2024, 187(22): 6152-6164.e18. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.09.004.
[51] 杜媛媛, 邓宏魁. 1型糖尿病治疗的新希望：人化学诱导多能干细胞衍生胰岛细胞移植[J]. 中华内科杂志, 2023, 62(9): 1043-1045. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20230713-00365.
[52] Ramzy A, Thompson DM, Ward-Hartstonge KA, et al. Implanted pluripotent stem-cell-derived pancreatic endoderm cells secrete glucose-responsive C-peptide in patients with type 1 diabetes[J]. Cell Stem Cell, 2021, 28(12): 2047-2061.e5. DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.10.003.
[53] Keymeulen B, De Groot K, Jacobs-Tulleneers-Thevissen D, et al. Encapsulated stem cell-derived β cells exert glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes[J]. Nat Biotechnol, 2024, 42(10): 1507-1514. DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-02055-5.
[54] Reichman TW, Markmann JF, Odorico J, et al. Stem cell-derived, fully differentiated islets for type 1 diabetes (zimislecel)[J]. N Engl J Med, 2025, 393(9): 858-868. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2506549.
[55] Carlsson PO, et al. Survival of transplanted allogeneic beta cells with no immunosuppression[J]. N Engl J Med, 2025, 393(9): 887-894. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2503822.
[56] Liu YF, Powrie J, Arif S, et al. Immune and metabolic effects of antigen-specific immunotherapy using multiple β-cell peptides in type 1 diabetes[J]. Diabetes, 2022, 71(4): 722-732. DOI: 10.2337/db21-0728.
[57] Alhadj Ali M, Liu YF, Arif S, et al. Metabolic and immune effects of immunotherapy with proinsulin peptide in human new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. Sci Transl Med, 2017, 9(402): eaaf7779. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf7779.
[58] Ludvigsson J, Sumnik Z, Pelikanova T, et al. Intralymphatic glutamic acid decarboxylase with vitamin D supplementation in recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase Ⅱb trial[J]. Diabetes Care, 2021, 44(7): 1604-1612. DOI: 10.2337/dc21-0318.
[59] Tavira B, Cheramy M, Axelsson S, et al. Effect of simultaneous vaccination with H1N1 and GAD-alum on GAD65-induced immune response[J]. Diabetologia, 2017, 60(7): 1276-1283. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4263-x.
[60] Ziegler AG, Achenbach P, Weiß A, et al. Efficacy of once-daily, high-dose, oral insulin immunotherapy in children genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes (POInT): a European, randomised, placebo-controlled, primary prevention trial[J]. Lancet, 2025, 406(10519): 2564-2576. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01726-X.
[61] Bender C, Wiedeman AE, Hu A, et al. A phase 2 randomized trial with autologous polyclonal expanded regulatory T cells in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. Sci Transl Med, 2024, 16(746): eadn2404. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adn2404.
[62] Carlsson PO, et al. Long-term survival of hypoimmune allogeneic islets without immunosuppression[J]. N Engl J Med, 2026. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2604408.
[63] Sims EK, Carr ALJ, Oram RA, et al. 100 years of insulin: celebrating the past, present and future of diabetes therapy[J]. Nat Med, 2021, 27(7): 1154-1164. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01418-2.
[64] The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus[J]. N Engl J Med, 1993, 329(14): 977-986. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199309303291401.
[65] DCCT/EDIC Research Group. Retinopathy and nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes four years after a trial of intensive therapy[J]. N Engl J Med, 2000, 342(6): 381-389. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200002103420603.
往期回顾
老年2型糖尿病与恶性肿瘤相关性：从流行病学机制到临床管理的思考
前移筛查、精细控糖、全程随访 ——2026 儿童 1 型糖尿病指南核心要点梳理
胰岛移植治愈1型糖尿病还有多远？
GLP1-RA 司美格鲁肽也能用于1型糖尿病？
1型糖尿病：连续性疾病谱--疾病修正--疾病治愈的可能（贴图版）
1型糖尿病的本质、连续疾病谱与疾病修正治疗——现状、展望与启示
2026-09-18
1型糖尿病的本质、连续疾病谱与疾病修正治疗
——现状、展望与启示
【内容提要】 1型糖尿病（T1D）是以遗传易感背景下免疫耐受丧失、胰岛β细胞进行性免疫性损伤为核心的器官特异性自身免疫病，其发展遵循从胰岛自身抗体阳性（1期）、糖代谢异常（2期）到临床糖尿病（3期）的连续疾病谱。本文梳理：T1D的本质、T1D是否为连续疾病谱、内分泌代谢领域连续性疾病谱的共性特征、胰岛素之外的疾病修正药物及其机制、未来最有前景的治疗方向，以及百年治疗史带来的启示。证据显示，以替利珠单抗为代表的T细胞靶向治疗、Janus激酶抑制剂和抗肿瘤坏死因子α药物等信号通路调节治疗、β细胞保护药物、抗原特异性免疫治疗和调节性T细胞治疗，正在把T1D管理从“代谢替代”推向“疾病修正”；干细胞来源胰岛联合免疫保护与基因编辑，则展示出功能性治愈的潜力。T1D未来的治疗体系将是基于病程分期、免疫表型和β细胞储备的“分期—分型—分层”精准联合策略。
引言
胰岛素发现至今已逾百年。1921—1922年胰岛素被提取并迅速用于临床，使1型糖尿病（type 1 diabetes，T1D）从一种致死性疾病转变为可以长期管理的慢性病；然而，胰岛素替代只能纠正代谢紊乱，却无法阻断持续存在的自身免疫进程，患者仍需终身注射，并面对低血糖、血糖波动、微血管与大血管并发症以及沉重的治疗负担[1,3,4]。
随着对T1D免疫发病机制认识的深入，“疾病修正治疗”（disease-modifying therapy，DMT）的思路逐渐清晰：与单纯控制血糖不同，它强调通过免疫干预和β细胞保护改变疾病的自然病程——对1期、2期患者重在延缓甚至阻止临床发病，对新发3期患者重在保留残余C肽、延长部分缓解期，对长病程3期患者则依靠细胞替代或功能重建改善胰岛功能[1,7,8]。2022年抗CD3单克隆抗体替利珠单抗获美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准，2026年其适应证两度扩展，成为这一范式转变的标志性事件[20-23]。
【替利珠单抗（Teplizumab）是近年 1 型糖尿病（T1D）领域极具里程碑意义的疾病修饰疗法。2022 年 11 月，FDA 首次批准该药，用于延缓 2 期 1 型糖尿病的 8 岁及以上成人与儿童进展至 3 期临床显性糖尿病，实现了从单纯发病后控糖到疾病 “治未病” 的突破。该药物适用人群并非胰岛功能已严重衰竭的确诊患者，而是自身抗体阳性、糖代谢已经异常但暂无明显症状的高危 2 期 T1D 人群，核心价值在于推迟临床糖尿病的发生。
替利珠单抗属于抗 CD3 单克隆抗体，作用机制为免疫重置：靶向 T 细胞表面 CD3 复合物，通过调节 T 细胞受体信号，让攻击胰岛 β 细胞的自身反应性 T 细胞被清除或失去活性，同时诱导调节性 T 细胞、重建机体免疫耐受。不同于传统免疫抑制剂对免疫系统的全面抑制，它追求选择性的免疫调节，仅需 14 天短期静脉给药，便可获得长期的疾病延缓效应，这也是其用于发病前干预、无需长期持续用药的关键。
2026 年 4 月 FDA 对替利珠单抗的适应证完成首次年龄扩展，将适用年龄下限由 8 岁下调至 1 岁及以上幼儿。1 型糖尿病自身免疫损伤常在儿童早期就已经启动，更早开展干预，能够更好地保留胰岛 β 细胞储备，最大化长期获益，也让在临床症状出现之前阻断自身免疫进程的思路落地，不再仅仅只是推迟确诊时间。。
2026 年该药适应证迎来再次拓展，从单纯延缓 2 期 T1D 进展，延伸至治疗新诊断 3 期 T1D 患者，可在确诊后短期内、患者仍保留残余 β 细胞功能时使用，保护残存胰岛功能、延缓 C 肽下降，减少外源性胰岛素的使用需求，成为 T1D 诊疗范式转变的标志性事件。传统模式是确诊后终身胰岛素替代、被动防控并发症；新诊疗思路则可在确诊前或刚确诊阶段开展免疫干预，主动保护 β 细胞，延长糖尿病蜜月期，降低治疗负担。与此同时，给药方案同步优化，新增皮下剂型或更简便疗程，并结合自身抗体、C 肽、遗传风险评分等生物标志物筛选获益人群，推动该疗法从专科中心的试验手段，转变为临床可用的标准治疗方案。】
1 重新认识1型糖尿病的本质1.1 从“胰岛素缺乏”到“免疫—β细胞”疾病
把T1D简单定义为“胰岛素缺乏”，只描述了临床表型，并未触及疾病本质。ADA《2026年糖尿病诊疗标准》仍将T1D定义为“自身免疫性β细胞破坏，通常最终导致绝对胰岛素缺乏”，并指出约5%～10%的T1D患者在病程早期胰岛自身抗体阴性[5]；我国《糖尿病分型诊断中国专家共识》的临床实践同样强调，T1D是自身免疫介导、以胰岛β细胞损伤为核心的疾病类型[6]。
据此，可以把T1D理解为一条清晰的因果链：遗传易感性（如HLA-DR3-DQ2、DR4-DQ8单倍型）与环境触发因素（如病毒感染、饮食因素）共同作用，导致机体对胰岛自身抗原的免疫耐受丧失；自身反应性T细胞等免疫网络异常活化，对胰岛β细胞发起免疫攻击；β细胞在炎症因子、内质网应激、氧化应激和高糖环境中发生损伤与凋亡，功能性β细胞量进行性下降，最终胰岛素分泌绝对不足，出现临床高血糖（图1）[1,5]。
图11型糖尿病的发病机制：免疫失耐受与β细胞主动参与的“免疫系统—β细胞”恶性循环1.2 β细胞不是完全被动的“受害者”
近年来一个重要的认识转变是：β细胞并非被动挨打的靶细胞。在炎症因子、内质网应激、氧化应激和高糖刺激下，β细胞会增强MHC-Ⅰ类分子抗原呈递和趋化因子表达，主动招募并放大免疫攻击，使“免疫攻击”与“β细胞脆弱性”相互强化，形成双向恶性循环[1]。分子遗传学研究进一步支持这一观点：T1D易感基因PTPN2、BACH2调控人β细胞中JAK/STAT与MAPK通路的交互对话，而PTPN2抑制会加重TNF-α诱导的β细胞功能障碍与死亡[9,10]。β细胞自身的抗原呈递能力、应激反应水平、凋亡阈值和遗传易感背景，都会影响疾病进展速度，也影响患者对治疗的反应[1]。
因此，用一句话概括：T1D的本质不是“高血糖病”，也不只是“缺胰岛素病”，而是一种以自身免疫失耐受和β细胞进行性功能丧失为核心的慢性、异质性疾病；高血糖和绝对胰岛素缺乏只是这一过程较晚期的结果。这一区分具有直接的治疗学意义——若把本质理解为“缺胰岛素”，治疗终点自然是终身补胰岛素；若把本质理解为“进行性的免疫—β细胞疾病”，才会逻辑地延伸出风险筛查、免疫耐受诱导、β细胞保护、细胞替代与再生等完全不同的治疗方向[7,8]。
2 1型糖尿病是连续性疾病谱2.1 三期自然病程：临床诊断日并非疾病起点
T1D是内分泌领域“连续性疾病谱”概念最典型的范例之一。JDRF（Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation， 青少年糖尿病研究基金会）、内分泌学会和ADA联合发布的分期科学声明，按自然病程将症状前T1D划分为连续的1～3期[2]；秦威城等综述沿用了这一分期框架[1]：1期表现为2种及以上胰岛自身抗体持续阳性，但血糖正常、无症状；2期自身抗体持续阳性并已出现糖代谢异常，但仍无典型临床症状；3期进入临床糖尿病阶段，出现典型高血糖症状并依赖外源性胰岛素维持生存。各期要点见表1。
表1 1型糖尿病的自然病程分期要点
分期
免疫学标志
糖代谢状态
临床表现
干预目标与意义
1期 （免疫启动期）
≥2种胰岛自身抗体（GADAb、IA-2Ab、IAA、ZnT8Ab等）持续阳性
血糖正常
无症状
自身免疫已经启动；定期监测随访，可探索低风险免疫耐受诱导
2期 （糖代谢异常期）
胰岛自身抗体持续阳性
糖耐量异常/血糖升高，尚未达到糖尿病诊断标准
仍无典型症状
β细胞储备持续下降；替利珠单抗可延缓进展至3期
3期 （临床糖尿病期）
自身免疫背景（少数患者抗体阴性）
达到糖尿病诊断标准的持续性高血糖
多饮、多尿、体重下降等，可酮症起病，依赖胰岛素
新发者力争保留残余C肽；长病程者考虑细胞替代/功能重建
注：GADAb为谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体；IA-2Ab为蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶抗体；IAA为胰岛素自身抗体；ZnT8Ab为锌转运体8抗体。ISPAD 2024共识进一步将3期细分为3a期（达到生化诊断标准但尚无症状）与3b期（有典型症状），并把长病程T1D称为4期；分期是人为设置的诊疗截点，各期之间并无绝对生物学界限[2,12,13]。
ISPAD（ International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes ， 国际儿童青少年糖尿病学会） 2024年共识在儿童青少年人群中延续并细化了该体系，强调对自身抗体阳性者进行筛查与定期监测，并系统评估了延缓3期发病、保留3期β细胞功能的各类干预试验[12]；2024年发布的3期前监测共识指导意见，则对抗体阳性人群的血糖、C肽随访节奏给出了具体建议[13]。这意味着，从自身抗体血清转换、第一时相胰岛素分泌异常、餐后血糖异常、显性高血糖，到残余C肽进一步下降，本质上是一条连续轨迹（图2）[2,12]。
图2 1型糖尿病的连续疾病谱：β细胞量、血糖与分期轨迹
2.2 生物学过程连续，而进展速度异质
“连续疾病谱”不能被理解为每个人都以相同速度匀速进展。相邻阶段之间糖代谢表现可以波动，β细胞下降速度存在显著个体差异，受诊断年龄、自身抗体数量与滴度、遗传背景等因素影响[12]。准确的表述是：生物学过程连续，但发展速度异质；临床分期是为诊断和治疗方便而人为设置的截点。由此带来一个关键的观念变化——3期不是T1D的开始，而只是T1D第一次变得“临床可见”。
正是这种连续性，使“发病前治疗”成为可能。针对2期高危亲属的随机对照研究显示，替利珠单抗单个14天疗程可使进展至3期T1D的中位时间由24.4个月延长至48.4个月，即推迟临床发病约2年，部分受试者刺激C肽得以维持甚至改善[11]；β细胞储备尚存时，免疫调节更容易转化为临床获益，这构成了T1D二级预防的实证基础。
3 内分泌代谢领域的连续性疾病谱及其本质特征3.1 代表性的连续性疾病谱
以“亚临床异常—代偿—失代偿—临床疾病”为特征的连续性疾病谱，在内分泌代谢领域并非T1D独有，而是一组疾病共同的底层结构（表2）。2型糖尿病（T2DM）遵循“正常糖耐量→空腹血糖受损/糖耐量减低→糖尿病→β细胞进一步衰竭”的过程，是胰岛素抵抗进行性加重、β细胞由代偿走向失代偿的连续过程，ADA诊疗标准同样将其描述为进行性疾病[5,16]；桥本甲状腺炎经历“甲状腺自身抗体阳性而功能正常→亚临床甲状腺功能减退→临床甲状腺功能减退”，与T1D同属器官特异性自身免疫病[16]。
代谢相关脂肪性肝病（MASLD）是另一典型：2024年欧洲肝病学会（EASL）、欧洲糖尿病研究学会（EASD）和欧洲肥胖研究学会（EASO）联合指南明确指出，MASLD的疾病谱包括单纯肝脂肪变、代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎（MASH）、肝纤维化、肝硬化乃至MASH相关肝细胞癌[17]。此外，骨量正常→骨量减少→骨质疏松→脆性骨折，血脂边缘升高→高脂血症→动脉粥样斑块→动脉粥样硬化性心血管病，以及醛固酮轻度升高的亚临床原发性醛固酮增多症→伴高血压、低血钾的临床型，都体现了损伤累积、由量变到质变的连续过程[16]。
表2 内分泌代谢领域代表性连续性疾病谱
疾病
连续谱演进
核心驱动机制
与T1D的共性
2型糖尿病
正常糖耐量→糖调节受损→糖尿病→β细胞衰竭
胰岛素抵抗叠加β细胞代偿到失代偿
跨过诊断阈值而非突然发生，早期可干预
桥本甲状腺炎
TPOAb/TgAb阳性（甲功正常）→亚临床甲减→临床甲减
甲状腺组织进行性自身免疫破坏
同为器官特异性自身免疫，存在长前驱期
MASLD
单纯脂肪变→MASH→肝纤维化→肝硬化→部分肝细胞癌
胰岛素抵抗、脂毒性、慢性炎症
指南明确称之为连续谱（spectrum）
原发性骨质疏松症
骨量正常→骨量减少→骨质疏松→脆性骨折
骨量进行性丢失、骨微结构破坏
连续变量（骨密度T值）叠加诊断阈值
血脂异常与动脉粥样硬化
边缘升高→高脂血症→斑块形成→ASCVD
脂质沉积与血管损伤持续累积
量变到质变，存在明确干预窗
原发性醛固酮增多症
血压正常的亚临床型→高血压临床型→低血钾
醛固酮自主分泌进行性增加
亚临床型概念，功能异常先于症状
糖尿病整体分型谱
T1D→高滴度LADA→低滴度LADA→T2D
自身免疫强度与胰岛功能连续过渡
破解T1D与T2D之间的“灰区”
注：LADA为成人隐匿性自身免疫糖尿病；ASCVD为动脉粥样硬化性心血管病；TPOAb为甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体；TgAb为甲状腺球蛋白抗体。
3.2 糖尿病自身的连续疾病谱：从T1D、LADA到T2D
在糖尿病分型内部，周智广团队于2003年提出并持续验证了“糖尿病连续疾病谱学说”：从T1D、高滴度LADA、低滴度LADA到T2D，各类型在总体上呈现为一个连续的疾病谱，并得到胰岛功能、免疫状态、炎症水平、代谢特征和遗传背景等多维度证据的支持[14,15]。该学说从机制上解释了糖尿病的临床异质性，破解了T1D与T2D之间“灰区”的分型困惑，也提示分型诊断应从单一临床表型走向多指标、多维度的病因学分型[6,15]。
维度
T1D 端（左）
渐变过程
T2D 端（右）
胰岛功能
几乎完全破坏
部分保留→逐渐衰退
相对正常（早期）
免疫状态
多种强阳性自身抗体
抗体滴度逐渐降低
通常阴性
炎症水平
特异性自身免疫炎症活跃
炎症程度递减
以代谢性炎症为主
代谢特征
以胰岛素绝对缺乏为主
缺乏 + 抵抗并存
以胰岛素抵抗为主
遗传背景
高风险基因型（如 HLA-DR3/DR4）
风险基因逐渐减少
代谢性风险基因为主
3.3 连续性疾病谱的六个本质特征
综合上述疾病，可以提炼出连续性疾病谱的六个本质特征（图3）。
第一，病理机制先于临床诊断而存在。临床诊断只是连续生物学变量跨过某一人为设定的阈值，而非疾病真正的起点；T1D中自身抗体的出现远早于高血糖，即是明证[2,14]。
第二，普遍存在“代偿—失代偿”过程。器官最初依靠功能储备维持正常，当储备消耗到一定程度才出现生化异常和症状，如β细胞代偿性高分泌、甲状腺功能储备下降等[16]。
第三，连续变量背后存在人为分期。血糖、HbA1c、C肽、骨密度、肝纤维化程度等本是连续变量，医学需要设定界值来决定何时诊断、何时治疗[2,17]。
第四，阶段越早，可保护、可逆的储备越多。这是早期干预的生物学基础，也是“干预窗口”概念的来源[11]。
第五，进展速度高度异质。不同个体可快速、缓慢、阶段性停滞甚至短期逆转，不能把疾病谱理解为单向匀速直线[12,15]。
第六，最佳治疗随阶段而改变。早期以预防和疾病修正为主，中期以保护残余器官功能为主，晚期则需要功能替代或细胞/器官重建——治疗对象不再只是一个诊断名称，而是“患者此刻位于疾病自然史的哪个位置”[1]。
图3 连续性疾病谱的通用概念模型：代偿—失代偿、诊断阈值、干预窗与进展异质性4 胰岛素之外：1型糖尿病的疾病修正药物治疗及机制
讨论“非胰岛素治疗”时，首先应区分两类性质完全不同的措施：一类是疾病修正治疗（DMT），旨在改变自身免疫进程和β细胞下降的自然病程；另一类是辅助降糖治疗，主要改善血糖、体重或胰高血糖素，通常未被证明能阻断自身免疫[1,4]。本节以DMT为主线，按作用环节分述。4.1 T细胞靶向及广谱免疫重塑疗法
替利珠单抗（teplizumab）是目前临床转化最成熟的T细胞靶向药物，为人源化抗CD3单克隆抗体（CD3 复合体表达在 T 细胞表面，是成熟 T 细胞的标志性分子）。其作用并非长期清除T细胞，而是通过对CD3-T细胞受体复合物的部分激动信号改变T细胞反应状态，诱导自身反应性CD8⁺T细胞向耗竭样或调节性表型转化，并促进调节性T细胞（Treg）扩增，从而特异性降低针对β细胞的免疫攻击强度；研究显示其可诱导抗原特异性T细胞库的持续改变[1,18]。
【CD3 不是单一蛋白，是由 γ、δ、ε、ζ 链组成的膜蛋白复合体，和 TCR（T 细胞受体）在细胞膜上紧密结合，形成 TCR-CD3 复合物。TCR 负责识别抗原（MHC 提呈的抗原肽），CD3 负责把抗原识别信号传入细胞内部（转导活化信号）。所有成熟 T 细胞表面都有 CD3；B 细胞、NK 细胞不表达 CD3，这也是流式用 CD3 标记 T 细胞的原理。】
【替利珠单抗的作用机制可以用"调教免疫系统"而非"摧毁免疫系统"来理解。传统免疫抑制剂（如环孢素、他克莫司）像是"无差别轰炸"——把整个免疫系统一起压下去，虽然能阻止对胰岛β细胞的攻击，但代价是患者更容易感染甚至患癌。替利珠单抗则更像一位"精准的心理咨询师"：它不杀死T细胞，而是给它们"做思想工作"，改变其行为模式。
这种"调教"体现在三个关键动作上。一是给"攻击部队"按下疲劳键：在1型糖尿病中，CD8⁺ T细胞是攻击胰岛β细胞的"杀手部队"，替利珠单抗通过CD3受体发送一种"部分激活"信号，如同给它们播放"白噪音"，使其进入"累瘫了"的耗竭样表型——细胞还活着，但失去攻击能力，就像电量耗尽的机器人，站在战场上却举不起武器。二是培养"维和部队"：它同时促使调节性T细胞（Treg）增多，这些免疫系统的"维和警察"负责阻止其他免疫细胞乱攻击自身组织，相当于既解除了"叛军"武装，又增派力量维持秩序，形成长期免疫耐受。三是这份改变具有抗原特异性，专门针对攻击β细胞的那些T细胞，如同建立了一份"精准黑名单"，而抗病毒、抗细菌的其他T细胞基本不受影响。
之所以说是"持续改变"，是因为药物代谢完毕后效果仍可维持数年。原因有两点：一是免疫记忆重塑，它改变了T细胞库（repertoire）的构成，让"好战分子"被"温和派"取代；二是表观遗传修饰，部分激活信号会在T细胞的基因表达上留下长期印记，即使药物已经离开，这种"温和状态"依然得以延续。
一个更形象的总结是：把1型糖尿病患者的免疫系统比作一套"误把自家房子当敌人轰炸的防空系统"，传统免疫抑制是关闭整个防空系统（连真正的敌机也防不住了），而替利珠单抗是重新校准雷达——只让针对"自家房子"（β细胞）的导弹失效，同时保留对病毒细菌等真正病原体的防御能力。这正是它能在延缓糖尿病发病的同时、不显著增加严重感染风险的原因：它实现的是"免疫重置"，而非"免疫摧毁"。】
临床证据方面，在2期高危亲属中，单疗程14天给药使临床发病中位时间推迟约2年[11]；在新发3期儿童和青少年中，替利珠单抗可减缓刺激C肽下降，但对HbA1c、目标血糖范围时间和胰岛素用量的改善不明显，提示进入显性糖尿病阶段后，免疫攻击、β细胞应激与代谢负荷并存，单一免疫干预难以迅速带来稳定的血糖终点改善[19]。监管层面，FDA于2022年11月首次批准替利珠单抗用于8岁及以上2期T1D以延缓3期发病[21]；2026年4月基于PETITE-T1D研究将2期适应证扩展至1岁及以上儿童[23]，2026年6月又加速批准其用于8～17岁近期诊断的3期患者以延缓内源性胰岛素分泌下降[20,22]。这标志着T1D治疗正式由“代谢替代”转向“疾病修正”。
替利珠单抗的疗效存在明显个体差异。潜伏性EB病毒感染状态、中性粒细胞富集的基因表达特征、胰岛素原/C肽比值以及早期胰岛素分泌变化，均可能影响治疗反应，为筛选获益人群提供了生物标志物线索[24-27]。其临床落地还依赖完善的胰岛自身抗体筛查体系——多数2期患者没有典型症状，缺少筛查就无法找到适合干预的人群[1]。
其他T细胞靶向药物仍处于临床研究阶段：阿巴西普（CTLA-4-Ig）通过阻断CD28-B7共刺激通路抑制T细胞完全活化，在1期高危亲属中可延缓进展但证据强度有限[29]；阿法赛特选择性作用于效应记忆T细胞，在新发患者中显示持续的临床与免疫学效应[28]；抗胸腺细胞球蛋白（ATG）通过广谱T细胞清除与免疫重塑短期降低效应T细胞负荷，2025年MELD-ATG适应性剂量探索研究确定了最低有效低剂量，但细胞因子释放、血清病和Treg减少等安全性问题仍限制其广泛应用[30,31]。
4.2 细胞因子及信号通路调节疗法
细胞因子网络及其下游JAK-STAT等信号通路位于多条炎症轴的交汇点，具有“一点调节、多轴起效”的特点[1]。JAK1/2抑制剂鲁索替尼在STAT1功能获得性突变合并T1D的个案中实现C肽恢复和胰岛素停用，为“通路驱动型”T1D提供了概念验证[32]；巴瑞替尼（Baricitinib，是一种口服小分子靶向药物，属于 JAK抑制剂（Janus激酶抑制剂），原本用于治疗类风湿关节炎等自身免疫病和特应性皮炎。在1型糖尿病（T1D）的语境中，它代表了"老药新用"的免疫干预策略）的Ⅱ期随机对照试验显示，新发T1D患者治疗48周后刺激C肽得以保留、胰岛素需求降低[33]。抗肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）治疗显示出较稳定的获益信号：TNF-α既促进抗原呈递、炎症细胞募集和效应T细胞活化，又与γ-干扰素、IL-1β协同诱导β细胞应激与凋亡，依那西普小样本研究和戈利木单抗Ⅱ期试验均提示新发患者C肽下降可被部分延缓[34-36]。（依那西普（Etanercept） 和 戈利木单抗（Golimumab） 都是 TNF-α（肿瘤坏死因子α）抑制剂，属于抗炎生物制剂，原本用于治疗类风湿关节炎、强直性脊柱炎等自身免疫病，近年被"老药新用"探索于1型糖尿病（T1D）的免疫干预。）
特征
依那西普
戈利木单抗
分子类型
受体融合蛋白（可溶性受体）
单克隆抗体
作用方式
结合并中和 TNF-α
特异性中和 TNF-α
证据等级
小样本探索性研究
Ⅱ 期 RCT（证据较强）
给药频率
每周 1-2 次皮下注射
每月 1 次皮下注射
然而，并非阻断任何炎症通路都能带来同等获益。IL-12/23 p40抑制剂乌司奴单抗主要终点未明确达到，仅见C肽保护趋势和Th17.1细胞减少[37]；IL-6受体阻断剂托珠单抗未能减缓β细胞功能丧失[38]；低剂量IL-2可安全扩增Treg，但单药C肽保护有限，更适合作为联合治疗的组分[39]。抗IL-21单抗联合GLP-1受体激动剂利拉鲁肽，则把免疫调节与β细胞功能支持结合起来，在成人新发T1D中明显减缓C肽下降，是“免疫治疗+β细胞支持”协同策略的重要概念验证[40]；酪氨酸激酶抑制剂伊马替尼作用于更上游的细胞因子/PDGF受体应激通路，可提供短期C肽保护，但停药后效应减弱[41]。代表性研究汇总于表3。
表3细胞因子及信号通路调节疗法在1型糖尿病中的代表性临床研究及关键终点
名称
靶点
研究设计
人群/样本量
治疗/随访
主要终点及达成
主要结果
安全性
鲁索替尼[32]
JAK1/2抑制剂
病例报告
STAT1功能获得性突变合并T1D，n=1
个案随访
不适用
C肽恢复，停用胰岛素
单例资料，安全性有限
巴瑞替尼[33]
JAK1/2抑制剂
Ⅱ期随机双盲对照试验
新发T1D，n=91
治疗48周，随访48周
C肽保留；达到探索性疗效终点，显示阳性信号
C肽下降减缓，胰岛素需求降低
总体耐受性良好
依那西普[35]
TNF-α拮抗剂
小样本随机对照研究
3～18岁新发T1D，n=18
治疗24周，随访24周
C肽 AUC；达到
C肽、HbA1c及胰岛素用量改善
总体耐受性较好
戈利木单抗[36]
TNF-α拮抗剂
Ⅱ期随机双盲对照试验
6～21岁新发T1D，n=84
治疗52周，随访52周
C肽 AUC；达到
C肽保留更好，胰岛素用量减少
总体可接受
乌司奴单抗[37]
IL-12/23 p40抑制剂
Ⅱ期随机对照试验
12～18岁新发T1D，n=72
治疗44周，随访52周
C肽 AUC；未明确达到
C肽呈保护趋势，Th17.1细胞减少
总体耐受性较好
托珠单抗[38]
IL-6受体阻断剂
多中心随机双盲对照试验
新发T1D，n=135
治疗24周，随访52周
C肽 mAUC；未达到
未减缓β细胞功能丧失
总体耐受性良好，输注反应较多
低剂量IL-2[39]
IL-2
Ⅰ/Ⅱ期随机双盲剂量探索研究
7～14岁新发T1D，n=29
治疗12个月，随访12个月
安全性/Treg扩增；达到药效学目标
Treg可控扩增，C肽获益有限
安全性良好
抗IL-21单抗+利拉鲁肽[40]
抗IL-21抗体+GLP-1受体激动剂
Ⅱ期随机双盲多臂试验
成人新发T1D，n=308
治疗54周，随访80周
C肽 AUC；达到
C肽下降减缓，胰岛素用量减少
可接受，胃肠道反应较常见
伊马替尼[41]
酪氨酸激酶抑制剂
Ⅱ期随机双盲对照试验
新发T1D，n=67
治疗26周，随访12～24个月
C肽 AUC；短期达到
短期C肽保护，停药后效应减弱
不良反应较多，需监测血液学和肝功能
注：C肽 AUC为C肽释放曲线下面积；C肽 mAUC为平均曲线下面积，C肽终点多基于混合餐耐量试验刺激C肽；Th为辅助性T细胞；Treg为调节性T细胞。病例报告和小样本探索性研究证据等级有限，不能与随机对照试验等同解读。
4.3 β细胞保护药物与间充质干细胞
在免疫调节之外，直接保护残余β细胞是DMT不可忽视的一环。钙通道阻滞剂维拉帕米可阻断β细胞L型钙通道、减轻钙超载介导的内质网应激与凋亡，在近期发病成人T1D中减缓C肽下降，其优势在于安全性较好、可及性高，适合作为联合治疗的组件[42]。非诺贝特虽在动物模型中显示潜力，但随机临床试验未能转化出明确的C肽保护获益，提示不能把动物结果简单外推到人体[43]。脐带间充质干细胞可通过免疫调节和抗炎效应，在近期发病T1D中减缓C肽下降，代表了细胞层面β细胞保护的方向[44]。
4.4 β细胞替代与再生：胰岛移植和干细胞来源胰岛
当β细胞储备明显不足时，单纯免疫调节难以恢复胰岛素分泌，细胞替代的地位随之上升。胰岛移植是目前最接近生理状态的β细胞替代疗法，主要用于强化胰岛素治疗失败、反复严重低血糖或低血糖感知受损的患者。CIT07、CIT06和TRIMECO等3期研究表明，胰岛移植可显著改善严重低血糖、血糖波动和生活质量；对已接受肾移植、本需长期免疫抑制者，追加胰岛移植的增量免疫风险相对可控[45-48]。2023年6月，FDA批准同种异体胰岛细胞产品Lantidra（donislecel-jujn）用于强化管理后仍反复发生严重低血糖的成人T1D，成为首个获批的T1D细胞治疗；其短板是供体有限、费用高且多数患者仍需长期免疫抑制[49]。
干细胞来源胰岛有望从根本上缓解供体短缺。我国团队报道，1例T1D患者接受自体化学诱导多能干细胞（CiPSC）来源胰岛移植后持续脱离胰岛素、血糖控制良好[50,51]；异体多能干细胞来源的胰腺内胚层细胞植入人体后可继续成熟，并分泌具有葡萄糖反应性的C肽[52]；包封的干细胞来源β细胞可在部分基线C肽阴性患者中产生可检测的餐后C肽[53]。2025年报告的zimislecel（VX-880）1/2期研究中，12例接受足量细胞、随访至少12个月的受试者全部检出C肽，其中10例在第365天实现胰岛素独立，且无严重低血糖发作、HbA1c达标，但仍需全身免疫抑制[54]。同年发表的基因编辑“低免疫原性”异体胰岛研究，在不使用全身免疫抑制药的情况下移植后仍检出葡萄糖反应性C肽，12周内未发现针对移植物的明显免疫反应，2026年随访至14个月时移植物仍存活并有功能，为“现货型”免疫逃逸细胞提供了概念验证（目前仅单例、短随访）[55,62]。此外，细胞纯度、成熟度、批次一致性、致瘤风险、封装装置的氧供与纤维化等，仍是必须跨越的转化门槛[1]。
4.5 抗原特异性免疫治疗
抗原特异性免疫治疗通过给予胰岛素、胰岛素原肽、谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）等自身抗原，“重新教育”免疫系统建立抗原特异性耐受，理论上可在不造成广泛免疫抑制的前提下削弱自身免疫攻击，是最接近“治本”的方向之一。皮内注射混合β细胞肽或单一胰岛素原肽，可在携带HLA-DR4等位基因的新发患者中增强Treg功能，并与刺激C肽相对稳定、胰岛素用量减少相关[56,57]；GAD-alum（GAD-alum 是将重组人GAD65蛋白吸附在氢氧化铝佐剂（alum）上制成的疫苗样制剂）经腹股沟淋巴结内注射并联合维生素D，在整体人群中效果不明显，但在预先定义的HLA DR3-DQ2亚群中显著延缓C肽下降、延长部分缓解期，凸显精准分层的重要性[58]。外部免疫事件会干扰疗效：含强佐剂的H1N1流感疫苗若与GAD-alum注射间隔过近，可能削弱其特异性免疫应答[59]。一级预防方面，POInT试验对遗传高危婴儿每日给予大剂量口服胰岛素，虽未在整体人群阻止自身抗体产生，但在特定胰岛素基因型（CC型）亚群中降低了糖代谢异常或糖尿病风险，提示基因—药物交互作用决定干预效果[60]。
4.6 调节性T细胞（Treg）疗法
Treg疗法通过补充或扩增具有免疫抑制功能的Treg，弥补T1D已有的免疫调节不足。一项多中心Ⅱ期随机双盲安慰剂对照试验中，自体外周血来源、体外多克隆扩增的Treg单次静脉输注用于儿童青少年新发T1D，52周和104周随访总体耐受性良好、无治疗相关严重不良事件，但未明显改变混合餐刺激C肽的下降轨迹，对HbA1c和胰岛素用量也无实质性改善[61]。这提示单次、多克隆Treg输注尚不足以形成明确的疾病修正效应，下一代方向是抗原特异性Treg、CAR-Treg、优化体内存活时间，并与其他机制药物联合[1,61]。
4.7 需要辨析的“辅助降糖药”
另有一类药物可改善T1D的血糖管理，但不属于DMT。普兰林肽（pramlintide）模拟β细胞共同分泌的胰淀素，减慢胃排空、抑制餐后胰高血糖素并增加饱腹感，已在美国获批作为成人T1D胰岛素的辅助治疗，但HbA1c改善幅度有限；二甲双胍、GLP-1受体激动剂在T1D中有探索性应用；SGLT2抑制剂虽可改善部分血糖指标，却会增加糖尿病酮症酸中毒风险[5]。因此，“能降血糖的非胰岛素药”与“能改变T1D自然病程的药”是两个不同概念，评价DMT的核心指标是刺激C肽的保留而非单纯血糖。
表4 1型糖尿病主要疾病修正疗法的证据等级及临床定位
治疗类别
代表方案
证据等级
适用人群/阶段
主要优势
主要局限
转化价值
T细胞靶向疗法
替利珠单抗
高
2期；部分新发3期
延缓发病，保留C肽
疗效异质性，成本高，免疫原性
最高，已临床应用
广谱T细胞清除/免疫重塑
ATG
中
新发3期；特定年龄/免疫表型
快速降低效应T细胞负荷
非抗原特异性，安全性限制
有潜力，需优化剂量
细胞因子/信号通路调节
JAK抑制剂、抗TNF-α
中
新发3期，仍有残余β细胞者
抑制炎症，保护β细胞
长期安全性和疗效待验证
中高
β细胞保护药物
维拉帕米、GLP-1RA联合方案
中
新发3期
可及性较好，适合联合
单药效应有限
中高
胰岛移植
同种异体胰岛移植
高
长病程3期，严重低血糖者
改善低血糖和生活质量
供体短缺，需免疫抑制
高，但人群较窄
干细胞来源胰岛细胞替代
多能干细胞来源胰岛样细胞
低至中
β细胞功能严重不足者
细胞来源可扩展，有治愈潜力
安全性、免疫保护和成本挑战
高潜力，早期转化
抗原特异性免疫治疗
胰岛素、GAD、胰岛素原肽
中低
1期、2期或特定HLA人群
精准诱导免疫耐受
疗效不稳定，依赖分层
有潜力
Treg疗法
自体扩增Treg、低剂量IL-2
中低
新发；联合治疗支持
增强免疫耐受
单药疗效有限，制备复杂
更适合作为联合组件
注：ATG为抗胸腺细胞球蛋白；GAD为谷氨酸脱羧酶；证据等级综合考虑随机对照试验、随访时间、临床终点及监管转化情况；转化价值同时受疗效、安全性、可及性和成本影响。
图4 基于病程分期的1型糖尿病疾病修正治疗策略地图
5 未来最有前景的治疗方向
回答“未来最有前景的疗法”，需要区分两个时间尺度：近期最可能改变临床实践的，是早期筛查联合替利珠单抗所代表的精准免疫治疗；长期最可能实现功能性治愈的，则是可规模化的干细胞来源胰岛联合免疫保护与免疫逃逸技术[1,54,55]。5.1 干细胞来源胰岛联合免疫保护与基因编辑
长病程T1D存在两个根本问题：β细胞已经缺失；即使补入新的β细胞，原有自身免疫和同种异体免疫仍可能将其清除。单纯免疫治疗只能解决β细胞大量死亡之前的问题，单纯细胞替代只解决了问题的一部分。真正接近功能性治愈的技术必须同时做到：可规模化制造成熟的葡萄糖反应性β细胞、避免同种异体排斥和自身免疫复发、且不需要长期全身免疫抑制[54,55]。zimislecel证明了干细胞来源胰岛可以恢复内源性胰岛素分泌并实现胰岛素独立[54]；基因编辑低免疫原性胰岛（敲低HLA-Ⅰ/Ⅱ、上调CD47等）在无免疫抑制条件下短期存活，14个月随访仍保持功能，为“现货型、无免疫抑制”细胞治疗打开了通路[55,62]；我国CiPSC来源胰岛则提供了自体路线的可行性证据[50,51]。若以“未来十年最具颠覆性潜力的方向”论，可规模化干细胞来源胰岛加免疫逃逸/局部免疫保护的组合最值得关注。
5.2 “分期—分型—分层”的精准联合治疗
单一靶点难以完全改变复杂的自身免疫进程，未来的核心不是寻找一种“更强的免疫抑制药”，而是基于患者精准分层的机制性联合：对1期以低风险耐受诱导和随访为主；2期优先替利珠单抗等延缓发病；新发3期联合T细胞靶向、JAK/TNF-α通路调节与β细胞保护，同时覆盖“外部免疫攻击”和“β细胞内部应激”；β细胞衰竭阶段则行细胞替代，并配合抗排斥、抗自身免疫复发、免疫隔离或局部免疫调节[1]。遗传风险、胰岛自身抗体谱、C肽储备、胰岛素原/C肽比值、免疫细胞表型和β细胞应激指标，将被纳入同一评估框架，回答“还有多少β细胞、当前主导机制是什么、最需要解决攻击还是缺失”三个问题[1,27]。
5.3 筛查前移与预防性干预
疾病修正药物的价值以“能找到高危人群”为前提。基于胰岛自身抗体和遗传标志物的人群筛查，可在1期、2期亚临床阶段识别高危者，把T1D管理从“确诊后治疗”转向“发病前预防”[2,12,13]；口服胰岛素等抗原特异性一级预防在特定基因型亚群中的信号，则预示着基于遗传学的精准预防有望成为现实[60]。在我国场景下，高危人群筛查、抗体检测标准化、C肽评估流程、自然病程队列、多中心临床试验和支付体系，需要同步建设，否则药物即使获批也难以进入常规诊疗[1]。
5.4 仍需跨越的障碍
其一，安全性：T1D患者多为儿童、青少年和年轻成人，感染、血液学异常、血脂异常及长期免疫风险必须经得起时间检验；其二，持久性：需回答治疗维持多久、停药后疗效能否延续；其三，可及性与成本：替利珠单抗费用较高，细胞治疗的制备、质控和免疫抑制成本不菲；其四，终点设计：除C肽外，应同时报告严重低血糖、治疗负担、生活质量和并发症等患者关心的结局[1,33,54]。理性看待“治愈”叙事，是这一领域健康发展的前提。
6 百年治疗史的思考与启发
T1D的百年治疗史，是一部医学对“疾病本质”不断重新定义的历史，大致可分为五个阶段（图5）。第一阶段解决“活下来”：1921—1922年胰岛素的发现与快速临床应用，是现代医学最重要的突破之一[63]。第二阶段解决“怎样活得更久、更少并发症”：1993年DCCT证明强化血糖管理使初发视网膜病变风险下降约76%、视网膜病变进展下降约54%，并显著降低肾病和神经病变风险（代价是当时技术条件下严重低血糖增加）[64]；其后DCCT/EDIC随访揭示了早期良好血糖控制的长期获益，即“代谢记忆”[65]。第三阶段解决“怎样让胰岛素更接近生理分泌”：重组人胰岛素、速效与长效类似物、连续血糖监测、胰岛素泵和自动胰岛素输注系统把治疗推进到闭环调控时代[3]。第四阶段追问“为什么一定要等β细胞大量死亡后才治疗”：T1D分期与替利珠单抗使医学开始在症状出现之前治疗疾病[11,20-23]。第五阶段则尝试“重建一个能感知葡萄糖、自动分泌胰岛素的生物系统”：从Edmonton方案到Lantidra，再到干细胞来源胰岛和免疫逃逸细胞[49,54,55]。
图5 1型糖尿病治疗百年里程碑双轨时间线
6.1 最大的进步往往来自对疾病的重新定义
胰岛素解决激素缺失，DCCT解决高血糖毒性，CGM与闭环系统解决实时控制，免疫治疗开始解决自身免疫，干细胞开始解决β细胞缺失——每一次疾病模型的更新，都打开一个全新的治疗空间，而不是把同一种治疗做得更强[63]。
6.2 诊断时点不等于疾病起点，筛查本身就是治疗技术
接受T1D是连续疾病谱，就必须接受一个推论：未来T1D临床工作的核心之一，可能从“发现高血糖”前移为“发现自身免疫”。没有自身抗体筛查，就找不到最适合DMT的1期、2期人群；筛查体系、检验平台和家族高危随访是药物发挥价值的制度前提[1,12]。
6.3 保护残余β细胞同样有价值，疗效终点需要多元化
“没有完全停用胰岛素”不等于治疗失败。残余C肽越多，通常意味着生理调节能力仍在，严重低血糖和慢性并发症风险越低。未来的疗效评价不应只有“是否停用胰岛素”一个终点，而应同时纳入C肽轨迹、严重低血糖、HbA1c、治疗负担和生活质量[1,46]。6.4 治疗时间可能比药物强度更重要
在2期仍保留大量β细胞时，温和的免疫重塑即可产生明显价值；当绝大多数功能性β细胞已经消失，再强的免疫治疗也无法凭空创造β细胞[11,19]。“早诊早治、关口前移”是连续疾病谱给T1D治疗最重要的启示，也与其他慢性病人群的防治规律相通。
6.5 不存在通治所有患者的“神药”，精准医学是必然趋势
1期、2期、新发3期和长病程3期在生物学上已不是同一个治疗问题；遗传背景、潜伏病毒感染、免疫细胞表型和β细胞应激状态共同决定疗效差异[25-27]。未来没有适用于所有患者的通用方案，只有基于个体特征的分期、分型、分层最优组合。
6.6 药物只是冰山一角，体系升级与“治愈”的再定义
DMT的落地依赖高危筛查、标准化检测、长期随访、支付保障和本土自然病程数据等系统支撑，医学创新不只是药物研发，更是诊疗体系的整体升级[1]。同时，“治愈”需要被严格定义：真正可推广的T1D功能性治愈，至少应同时满足长期稳定的葡萄糖反应性胰岛素分泌、不发生严重低血糖、显著减少或摆脱外源性胰岛素、无需长期全身免疫抑制、长期安全、可规模化制造且可负担[54,55]。以此标准衡量，普遍治愈仍有距离，但过去五年的进展已比此前数十年更接近这一目标。
7 结语
T1D的本质，是遗传易感背景下免疫失耐受与β细胞进行性功能丧失相互放大的慢性自身免疫病；它沿连续的疾病谱展开，临床糖尿病只是冰山水面之上的部分。替利珠单抗把干预关口前移到症状出现之前，JAK抑制剂、抗TNF-α药物、联合免疫代谢方案、抗原特异性耐受、Treg治疗和β细胞保护药物拓宽了新发患者的选择，胰岛移植与干细胞来源胰岛则使功能重建走向临床。面向未来，最值得期待的不是单一“神药”，而是“筛查识别—分期分型—精准免疫干预—β细胞保护—必要时免疫逃逸细胞替代”的全链条体系。对疾病本质认识的每一次深化，都在重新定义这种百年疾病的治疗边界——这或许是T1D故事给整个慢病领域最深刻的启示。
参考文献
[1] 秦威城, 罗说明, 周智广. 1型糖尿病疾病修正治疗的现状与展望[J]. 中华内科杂志, 2026, 65(8): 885-891. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20260331-00187.
[2] Insel RA, Dunne JL, Atkinson MA, et al. Staging presymptomatic type 1 diabetes: a scientific statement of JDRF, the Endocrine Society, and the American Diabetes Association[J]. Diabetes Care, 2015, 38(10): 1964-1974. DOI: 10.2337/dc15-1419.
[3] Perkins BA, Sherr JL, Mathieu C. Type 1 diabetes glycemic management: insulin therapy, glucose monitoring, and automation[J]. Science, 2021, 373(6554): 522-527. DOI: 10.1126/science.abg4502.
[4] von Scholten BJ, Kreiner FF, Gough S, et al. Current and future therapies for type 1 diabetes[J]. Diabetologia, 2021, 64(5): 1037-1048. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05398-3.
[5] American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026[J]. Diabetes Care, 2026, 49(Suppl 1): S1-S371.
[6] 杨舒婷, 邓超, 何斌斌, 等. 《糖尿病分型诊断中国专家共识》在糖尿病分型诊断中的临床实践应用[J]. 中华内科杂志, 2023, 62(9): 1085-1092. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20230131-00043.
[7] Greenbaum C, Lord S, VanBuecken D. Emerging concepts on disease-modifying therapies in type 1 diabetes[J]. Curr Diab Rep, 2017, 17(11): 119. DOI: 10.1007/s11892-017-0932-x.
[8] Lord S, Greenbaum CJ. Disease modifying therapies in type 1 diabetes: where have we been, and where are we going?[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2015, 98: 3-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.02.002.
[9] Roca-Rivada A, Oliveira JG, Martin-Vazquez E, et al. The type 1 diabetes candidate genes PTPN2 and BACH2 regulate the IFN-α-induced crosstalk between JAK/STAT and MAPKs pathways in human beta cells[J]. EBioMedicine, 2025, 120: 105932. DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105932.
[10] Roca-Rivada A, Marín-Cañas S, Colli ML, et al. Inhibition of the type 1 diabetes candidate gene PTPN2 aggravates TNF-α-induced human beta cell dysfunction and death[J]. Diabetologia, 2023, 66(8): 1544-1556. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05908-5.
[11] Herold KC, Bundy BN, Long SA, et al. An anti-CD3 antibody, teplizumab, in relatives at risk for type 1 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2019, 381(7): 603-613. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1902226.
[12] Haller MJ, et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024: screening, staging, and strategies to preserve beta-cell function in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes[EB/OL]. International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes, 2024[2026-09-18]. https://www.ispad.org/static/02e0d796-be31-44a3-ba79af72d00206ba/ICPCG-Chapter-2-2024.pdf.
[13] Phillip M, et al. Consensus guidance for monitoring individuals with islet autoantibody-positive pre-stage 3 type 1 diabetes[J]. Diabetes Care, 2024, 47(8): 1276-1298. DOI: 10.2337/dci24-0042.
[14] 童越, 肖扬, 罗说明, 周智广. 糖尿病的连续疾病谱学说[J]. 中国实用内科杂志, 2020, 40(1): 1-4.
[15] 肖扬, 李霞, 周智广. 糖尿病连续疾病谱：理念与实践[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志, 2019, 11(7): 457-460. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-5809.2019.07.003.
[16] 葛均波, 徐永健, 王辰. 内科学[M]. 9版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2018.
[17] European Association for the Study of the Liver, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, European Association for the Study of Obesity. EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)[J]. J Hepatol, 2024, 81(3): 492-542. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.04.031.
[18] Lledó-Delgado A, Preston-Hurlburt P, Currie S, et al. Teplizumab induces persistent changes in the antigen-specific repertoire in individuals at risk for type 1 diabetes[J]. J Clin Invest, 2024, 134(18): e177492. DOI: 10.1172/JCI177492.
[19] Ramos EL, Dayan CM, Chatenoud L, et al. Teplizumab and β-cell function in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2023, 389(23): 2151-2161. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2308743.
[20] Hirsch JS. FDA approves teplizumab: a milestone in type 1 diabetes[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2023, 11(1): 18. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00351-5.
[21] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. TZIELD (teplizumab-mzwv) BLA 761183 approval letter[EB/OL]. (2022-11-17)[2026-09-18]. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2023/761183Orig1s000Approv.pdf.
[22] Sanofi. Sanofi's Tzield approved in the US as the first disease-modifying therapy for patients recently diagnosed with stage 3 type 1 diabetes[EB/OL]. (2026-06-12)[2026-09-18]. https://www.sanofi.com/en/media-room/press-releases/2026/2026-06-12-22-09-58-3311349.
[23] Sanofi. Sanofi's Tzield approved in the US to delay the onset of stage 3 type 1 diabetes in young children[EB/OL]. (2026-04-22)[2026-09-18]. https://www.sanofi.com/en/media-room/press-releases/2026/2026-04-22-05-05-00-3278650.
[24] Galderisi A, Sims EK, Evans-Molina C, et al. Trajectory of beta cell function and insulin clearance in stage 2 type 1 diabetes: natural history and response to teplizumab[J]. Diabetologia, 2025, 68(3): 646-661. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06323-0.
[25] Lledó-Delgado A, Preston-Hurlburt P, Higdon L, et al. Latent EBV enhances the efficacy of anti-CD3 mAb in type 1 diabetes[J]. Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1): 5033. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60276-5.
[26] Sassi G, Lemaitre P, Calvo LF, et al. Neutrophil-enriched gene signature correlates with teplizumab therapy resistance in different stages of type 1 diabetes[J]. J Clin Invest, 2025, 135(23): e176403. DOI: 10.1172/JCI176403.
[27] Sims EK, Geyer SM, Long SA, et al. High proinsulin:C-peptide ratio identifies individuals with stage 2 type 1 diabetes at high risk for progression to clinical diagnosis and responses to teplizumab treatment[J]. Diabetologia, 2023, 66(12): 2283-2291. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06003-5.
[28] Rigby MR, Harris KM, Pinckney A, et al. Alefacept provides sustained clinical and immunological effects in new-onset type 1 diabetes patients[J]. J Clin Invest, 2015, 125(8): 3285-3296. DOI: 10.1172/JCI81722.
[29] Russell WE, Bundy BN, Anderson MS, et al. Abatacept for delay of type 1 diabetes progression in stage 1 relatives at risk: a randomized, double-masked, controlled trial[J]. Diabetes Care, 2023, 46(5): 1005-1013. DOI: 10.2337/dc22-2200.
[30] Mathieu C, Wych J, Hendriks A, et al. Minimum effective low dose of antithymocyte globulin in people aged 5-25 years with recent-onset stage 3 type 1 diabetes (MELD-ATG): a phase 2, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, adaptive dose-ranging trial[J]. Lancet, 2025, 406(10510): 1375-1388. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01674-5.
[31] Gitelman SE, Gottlieb PA, Felner EI, et al. Antithymocyte globulin therapy for patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: 2 year results of a randomised trial[J]. Diabetologia, 2016, 59(6): 1153-1161. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3917-4.
[32] Chaimowitz NS, Ebenezer SJ, Hanson IC, et al. STAT1 gain of function, type 1 diabetes, and reversal with JAK inhibition[J]. N Engl J Med, 2020, 383(15): 1494-1496. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2022226.
[33] Waibel M, Wentworth JM, So M, et al. Baricitinib and β-cell function in patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2023, 389(23): 2140-2150. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2306691.
[34] Bazile C, Abdel Malik MM, Ackeifi C, et al. TNF-α inhibitors for type 1 diabetes: exploring the path to a pivotal clinical trial[J]. Front Immunol, 2024, 15: 1470677. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1470677.
[35] Mastrandrea L, Yu J, Behrens T, et al. Etanercept treatment in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes: pilot randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study[J]. Diabetes Care, 2009, 32(7): 1244-1249. DOI: 10.2337/dc09-0054.
[36] Quattrin T, Haller MJ, Steck AK, et al. Golimumab and beta-cell function in youth with new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2020, 383(21): 2007-2017. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2006136.
[37] Tatovic D, Marwaha A, Taylor P, et al. Ustekinumab for type 1 diabetes in adolescents: a multicentre, double-blind, randomized phase 2 trial[J]. Nat Med, 2024, 30(9): 2657-2666. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03115-2.
[38] Greenbaum CJ, Serti E, Lambert K, et al. IL-6 receptor blockade does not slow β cell loss in new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. JCI Insight, 2021, 6(21): e150074. DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150074.
[39] Rosenzwajg M, Salet R, Lorenzon R, et al. Low-dose IL-2 in children with recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes: a phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding study[J]. Diabetologia, 2020, 63(9): 1808-1821. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05200-w.
[40] von Herrath M, Bain SC, Bode B, et al. Anti-interleukin-21 antibody and liraglutide for the preservation of β-cell function in adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2021, 9(4): 212-224. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00019-X.
[41] Gitelman SE, Bundy BN, Ferrannini E, et al. Imatinib therapy for patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2021, 9(8): 502-514. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00139-X.
[42] Ovalle F, Grimes T, Xu G, et al. Verapamil and beta cell function in adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. Nat Med, 2018, 24(8): 1108-1112. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0089-4.
[43] Hostrup PE, Schmidt T, Hellsten SB, et al. Effect of fenofibrate on residual beta cell function in adults and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: a randomised clinical trial[J]. Diabetologia, 2025, 68(1): 29-40. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06290-6.
[44] Carlsson PO, Espes D, Sisay S, et al. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells preserve endogenous insulin production in type 1 diabetes: a phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial[J]. Diabetologia, 2023, 66(8): 1431-1441. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05934-3.
[45] Hering BJ, Clarke WR, Bridges ND, et al. Phase 3 trial of transplantation of human islets in type 1 diabetes complicated by severe hypoglycemia[J]. Diabetes Care, 2016, 39(7): 1230-1240. DOI: 10.2337/dc15-1988.
[46] Foster ED, Bridges ND, Feurer ID, et al. Improved health-related quality of life in a phase 3 islet transplantation trial in type 1 diabetes complicated by severe hypoglycemia[J]. Diabetes Care, 2018, 41(5): 1001-1008. DOI: 10.2337/dc17-1779.
[47] Lablanche S, Vantyghem MC, Kessler L, et al. Islet transplantation versus insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes with severe hypoglycaemia or poorly controlled glycaemia after kidney transplantation (TRIMECO): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2018, 6(7): 527-537. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30078-0.
[48] Markmann JF, Rickels MR, Eggerman TL, et al. Phase 3 trial of human islet-after-kidney transplantation in type 1 diabetes[J]. Am J Transplant, 2021, 21(4): 1477-1492. DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16174.
[49] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. LANTIDRA (donislecel-jujn): orphan drug marketing approval (approval date 2023-06-28)[EB/OL]. [2026-09-18]. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/opdlisting/oopd/detailedIndex.cfm?cfgridkey=549917.
[50] Wang S, Du Y, Zhang B, et al. Transplantation of chemically induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived islets under abdominal anterior rectus sheath in a type 1 diabetes patient[J]. Cell, 2024, 187(22): 6152-6164.e18. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.09.004.
[51] 杜媛媛, 邓宏魁. 1型糖尿病治疗的新希望：人化学诱导多能干细胞衍生胰岛细胞移植[J]. 中华内科杂志, 2023, 62(9): 1043-1045. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20230713-00365.
[52] Ramzy A, Thompson DM, Ward-Hartstonge KA, et al. Implanted pluripotent stem-cell-derived pancreatic endoderm cells secrete glucose-responsive C-peptide in patients with type 1 diabetes[J]. Cell Stem Cell, 2021, 28(12): 2047-2061.e5. DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.10.003.
[53] Keymeulen B, De Groot K, Jacobs-Tulleneers-Thevissen D, et al. Encapsulated stem cell-derived β cells exert glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes[J]. Nat Biotechnol, 2024, 42(10): 1507-1514. DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-02055-5.
[54] Reichman TW, Markmann JF, Odorico J, et al. Stem cell-derived, fully differentiated islets for type 1 diabetes (zimislecel)[J]. N Engl J Med, 2025, 393(9): 858-868. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2506549.
[55] Carlsson PO, et al. Survival of transplanted allogeneic beta cells with no immunosuppression[J]. N Engl J Med, 2025, 393(9): 887-894. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2503822.
[56] Liu YF, Powrie J, Arif S, et al. Immune and metabolic effects of antigen-specific immunotherapy using multiple β-cell peptides in type 1 diabetes[J]. Diabetes, 2022, 71(4): 722-732. DOI: 10.2337/db21-0728.
[57] Alhadj Ali M, Liu YF, Arif S, et al. Metabolic and immune effects of immunotherapy with proinsulin peptide in human new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. Sci Transl Med, 2017, 9(402): eaaf7779. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf7779.
[58] Ludvigsson J, Sumnik Z, Pelikanova T, et al. Intralymphatic glutamic acid decarboxylase with vitamin D supplementation in recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase Ⅱb trial[J]. Diabetes Care, 2021, 44(7): 1604-1612. DOI: 10.2337/dc21-0318.
[59] Tavira B, Cheramy M, Axelsson S, et al. Effect of simultaneous vaccination with H1N1 and GAD-alum on GAD65-induced immune response[J]. Diabetologia, 2017, 60(7): 1276-1283. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4263-x.
[60] Ziegler AG, Achenbach P, Weiß A, et al. Efficacy of once-daily, high-dose, oral insulin immunotherapy in children genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes (POInT): a European, randomised, placebo-controlled, primary prevention trial[J]. Lancet, 2025, 406(10519): 2564-2576. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01726-X.
[61] Bender C, Wiedeman AE, Hu A, et al. A phase 2 randomized trial with autologous polyclonal expanded regulatory T cells in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes[J]. Sci Transl Med, 2024, 16(746): eadn2404. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adn2404.
[62] Carlsson PO, et al. Long-term survival of hypoimmune allogeneic islets without immunosuppression[J]. N Engl J Med, 2026. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2604408.
[63] Sims EK, Carr ALJ, Oram RA, et al. 100 years of insulin: celebrating the past, present and future of diabetes therapy[J]. Nat Med, 2021, 27(7): 1154-1164. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01418-2.
[64] The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus[J]. N Engl J Med, 1993, 329(14): 977-986. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199309303291401.
[65] DCCT/EDIC Research Group. Retinopathy and nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes four years after a trial of intensive therapy[J]. N Engl J Med, 2000, 342(6): 381-389. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200002103420603.
往期回顾
老年2型糖尿病与恶性肿瘤相关性：从流行病学机制到临床管理的思考
前移筛查、精细控糖、全程随访 ——2026 儿童 1 型糖尿病指南核心要点梳理
胰岛移植治愈1型糖尿病还有多远？
GLP1-RA 司美格鲁肽也能用于1型糖尿病？
100 项与 C-Peptide 相关的药物交易
登录后查看更多信息
研发状态
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
登录
| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1型糖尿病 | 临床2期 | 瑞典 | 2003-10-01 | |
| 糖尿病周围神经病变 | 临床2期 | 瑞典 | 2003-10-01 | |
| 糖尿病性神经病变 | 临床2期 | - | - |
登录后查看更多信息
临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
查看全部结果
| 研究 | 分期 | 人群特征 | 评价人数 | 分组 | 结果 | 评价 | 发布日期 |
|---|
No Data | |||||||
登录后查看更多信息
转化医学
使用我们的转化医学数据加速您的研究。
登录
或
药物交易
使用我们的药物交易数据加速您的研究。
登录
或
核心专利
使用我们的核心专利数据促进您的研究。
登录
或
临床分析
紧跟全球注册中心的最新临床试验。
登录
或
批准
利用最新的监管批准信息加速您的研究。
登录
或
生物类似药
生物类似药在不同国家/地区的竞争态势。请注意临床1/2期并入临床2期，临床2/3期并入临床3期
登录
或
特殊审评
只需点击几下即可了解关键药物信息。
登录
或
提出任何生物医药研究问题
让每一步生物医药决策都精准制胜
基于十亿级生物数据与全球情报的精准 AI，赋能早期药物发现
立即开始免费试用!
智慧芽新药情报库是智慧芽专为生命科学人士构建的基于AI的创新药情报平台，助您全方位提升您的研发与决策效率。
立即接入生物医药数据包
智慧芽新药库数据也通过智慧芽开放平台，以MCP或API服务形式对外开放。立即使用我们的MCP服务定制您的LLM智能体。
生物序列数据库
生物药研发创新
免费使用
化学结构数据库
小分子化药研发创新
免费使用