Objective To explore the influence of glucocorticoids on Toll-like receptor-4(TLR4) level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG), and the correlation with the number of eosinophils (EOS), in order to provide reference for finding the ideal diagnostic and therapeutic indexes of EG. Methods 58 children with EG were randomly divided into group A and group B, 29 cases in each group. 30 cases of normal children were selected as normal group. Group A was just given placebo, and group B was given 10 mg prednisone daily, reducing the amount according to children′s symptoms, treatment lasted for 2 wk. The amount of WBC and EOS in peripheral blood were contrasted before and after treatment, and TLR4 levels was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry, the correlation between TLR4 level and WBC/EOS level in peripheral blood was analyzed by Pearson correlation anal. Results Compared with those of normal group, the percentages of WBC and EOS in peripheral blood of group A and group B were increased before treatment, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the number of WBC, EOS were decreased in group B than before treatment and those of group A, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in TLR4 mRNA expression and average fluorescence intensity of group A between before and after treatment (P>0.05), and the levels of TLR4 mRNA in group B were decreased after treatment than those of before treatment. There was a significant pos. correlation between TLR4 level in peripheral mononuclear cells and EOS level before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion Glucocorticoids could inhibit TLR4 level of EG patients, and which might be related to peripheral blood EOS, and co-participate in treatment of glucocorticoid.