Nineteen compounds were isolated from Xylanche himalaica., including ten triterpenoids (1-10), one phytosterol (11), five lignans (12-16), two phenylethanoid glycosides (17-18), and one iridoid glycoside (19).Their structures were characterized through NMR spectroscopy and compared with literature data.Nine compounds (1-3, 8-9, 12, 14-15, 19) were first reported in the family Orobanchaceae; Ten compounds (1-3, 8-9, 11-12, 14-15 and 19) have never been found in the genus Xylanche and this plant before.Compounds 1 and 2 were discovered as natural products for the first time.Compound 19 is the first report of iridoid glycoside in this plant.Furthermore, the chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds was discussed.